摘要
在阐述今后15年中国城镇化面临的就业和收入差距、资源和环境、区域发展、政府管治等四大挑战之后,分析了到2020年中国城镇化水平年均增长0.6、0.8、1.0和1.2个百分点的4种态势。如按1978-2002年城镇年均提供636万人就业考虑,到2020年中国城镇化水平年均增长不宜超过0.7个百分点;如果考虑到2005年上半年城镇安排595万人就业,则城镇化水平年均增长1.2个百分点也是可行的。但是,对于所有4种态势,土地短缺都是一个棘手的问题。最后就可持续城镇化提出的政策建议包括:①引导农村富余劳动力向城镇有序转移;②贯彻落实大中小城市和小城镇协调发展的方针;③高效利用和节约资源,保护生态环境;④统筹城乡规划,加强对经济区发展的引导;⑤贯彻落实工业反哺农业,城市支持农村的方针;⑥建立多元化的城镇基础设施投资体制,大力吸引民间和国际资本;⑦全面推进城镇管理体制创新,制定公众参与政策;⑧坚持按城镇化的客观规律办事,控制地方政府的城镇化热情。
Following the summing up of the four serious urbanization challenges China will face in the coming 15 years, including employment pressures and income disparity, resources and environment pressures, regional growth integration, and govemance issues, the paper describes the trends for China＇ s urbanization up till the year of 2020. Finally, some sustainable urbanization policy recommendations are proposed. The analysis of four urbanization level trends, including annual urbanization level increase of 0.6, 0.8, 1.0, and 1.2 percentage paints, shows that China＇s annual urbanization level increase is not suitable to exceed 0.7 percentage paints based on 6.36 million job creation annually in the period of 1978 to 2002 and it is feasible that the annual urbanization level increase reached 1.2 percentage paints based on 5.95 million job creation in the first half of 2005. However, for all of the four trends, land shortage is a hard nut to crack. Sustainable urbanization palicy recommendations include：①Holistic urban rural migration;②Carrying out the principle of harmonic development for large, medium, and small cities as well as towns;③Building cities with resources efficiency and environment friendly;④Harmonizing urban and rural development and strengthening the guidance for economic zone development;⑤Carrying out the guideline of the industry repaying the agriculture and the city supporting the countryside;⑥Establishing multi-channel investment systingm and devoting major efforts to attract civil and international capital for urban infrastructure development; ⑦ Comprehensively pushing forward the innovation of urban governance system and establishing public participation policy;⑧Firmly following the rules to address urbanization and control the urbanization zeal of the local government.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
2006年第3期5-11,共7页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家中长期科学和技术发展规划战略研究专题11"城市发展与城镇化科技问题研究"项目
中国环境与发展国际合作委员会(国合会)"可持续城镇化战略"课题资助
关键词
中国
城镇化
态势
可持续
政策建议
China
urbanization
trend
sustainable
policy recommendation
