摘要
在分析农业生态安全面临的问题、构建农业生态安全评价指标体系的基础上,运用层次分析法和GIS技术,采用“农业生态不安全指数”对湖南省主要农村地域县(市)的农业生态安全状况进行了综合评价。结果表明,长江沿岸与洞庭湖区洪涝灾害、湘中南的夏秋干旱、中小城市的“三废”污染以及较大范围的重金属污染等是湖南省农业生态安全面临的最主要的问题和挑战。湖南省农业生态安全地域差异明显,长株潭地区总体安全度最高,但该区由于城市化、工业化程度高,耕地数量下降快,“三废”污染呈加重趋势,都对农业生态安全构成潜在威胁;湘西武陵源山区农业生态安全度较高,喀斯特山区的生态治理和脱贫致富是改善农业生态环境的关键所在;湘南山地丘陵区农业生态安全度中等,降水时空分配不均导致季节性干旱和洪涝灾害问题突出;湘中丘岗盆地区人地矛盾极为突出,工业“三废”污染较重,加上降雨时空分配不均、水土匹配欠佳导致季节性干旱明显,生态安全度较低。湘北洞庭区湖泊生态环境演替频繁,以洪灾为主的自然灾害对农业生态安全构成严重威胁,农业生态安全度最低。
On the basis of analyzing the problems threatening ecological security and establishment of indicator system for evaluation of agricultural Ecological security, the ecological security of agriculture in Hunan province was evaluated using hierarchy approach and GIS technology and insecurity index of agricultural ecology. The result indicated agricultural eco-security in Hunan province has confronted with However, with the rapid process of urbanization and industrialization the industrial pollution has been increased dramatically and the acreage and quality of cultivated land have descend very fast. All of those have threatened the agricultural eco-security in the region. The agricultural eco-insecurity index in West Hunan is smaller and ecological management and poverty alleviation measures are key for improving the agriculture environment Karst region. The agricultural eco-insecurity index in South Hunan is moderate and the uneven distribution of rainfall at spatial and temporary scale are the main causes aroused from drought and flood disaster in this area. In central Hunan, The contradictories between farmers and farmland is the highest, and the industrial pollution is serious, and unmatched water and soil resources are leading to seasonal drought. Thus the agricultural eco-insecurity index in this area is higher. The agricultural eco-insecurity index in North Hunan is the biggest. Ecological succession in Dongting Lake changes very frequently and flood disaster is a direct threat to the agricultural eco-security.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期87-93,共7页
Resources Science
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向性项目(编号:kzcx2-sw-415)
湖南省"十五"重点项目"湖南省农业生态功能分区与生态安全建设研究"
关键词
农业生态安全
可持续发展
地域差异
指标体系
湖南省
Agricultural eco-security
Sustainable development
Regional disparities
indicator system
Hunan Province
