摘要
化石燃料燃烧利用过程中排放的大量毒害气体和CO2对生态环境造成重大危害,由此产生的环境问题越来越引起世界各国的关注,相应的控制排放技术不断发展,其中生物质能利用由于其CO2零排放成为最有发展潜力的技术之一。采用LCA方法,选择生物质气化联合循环发电、生物质热裂解发电、生物质与煤混烧发电3种方案与燃煤发电进行了对比,分析生物质利用过程减排温室气体CO2、毒性气体(SOX、NOX)的作用。结果表明,在生产1kW·h电能的生命周期中,3种生物质发电方案的CO2排放量远远小于燃煤发电,特别是生物质气化联合循环发电和生物质热裂解发电两种方案减排CO2达到了87%～94%。由于生物质低硫和低氮特性,该两种方案中NOX和SOX的减排量也非常显著,即使是生物质与煤按1∶9(质量比)混燃都可以达到25.2%和8.9%的减排效果。综合而言,生物质能的利用,不论是气化、热解或者共燃都是减排CO2、NOX和SOX有效措施。
Biomass for power generation was evaluated for its potential in producing less air pollutants NOx, SOx and CO2. Life cycle assessment （LCA） was employed to compare the air pollutant releases from to the conventional coal-fired power plant with those from three biomass power plants： biomass gasification combined-cycle, biomass pyrolysis and blomass co fired with coal. The CO2 emission resulting from production of 1 kW · h electricity employing all three biomass power generation systems is significantly less than coal-fired power generating system~ the biomass gasification combined-cycle and the pyrolysis power generation systems may achieve 87%-94% reduction in CO2 emission while also achieving major reductions in NOx and SOx emissions due to the low nitrogen and sulfur content in biomass. When biomass is co-fired with coal in the mass ratio of 1 ： 9, the NOx and SOx emissions may be reduced by 25.20% and 8.9 %, respectively. The LCA demonstrated the benefits of less air pollution from biomass power plants relative to the conventional coal power plant.
出处
《环境污染与防治》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期369-372,387,共5页
Environmental Pollution & Control
基金
广东省自然科学基金资助项目(No.003045)
华南理工大学自然科学基金资助项目(No.323E5040240)。
