摘要
目的:利用肌电图检测延迟肌肉损伤,为延迟性肌肉损伤的测定寻找实用的无创检测技术。方法:实验于2003-05在成都体育学院中心实验室完成。选用Wistar纯种1.5月龄雄性大白鼠21只,随机分成2组,测试组及对照组(未进行任何运动训练,n=3),测试组分为运动后即刻,3,6,12,24,48h6个时间点,每个时间点3只。让大白鼠在电动跑台上进行90min的下坡跑(v=16m/min,r=16°)后,采用标准的同心圆针电极从胫骨粗隆最高点向腓侧3mm,矢状面上与胫骨轴线平行,冠状面上与胫骨轴线成10°斜向胫侧,进针由浅至深分3个角度(6,8,10mm);接地电极从肢体远端向近端插入腓肠肌临近胫前肌处。刺激电极置于被暴露的腓总神经上。按照选定肌电图仪操作的标准参数,在不同时间点进行测试,对照组大鼠是在未进行任何运动训练的情况下测试。所选用的电图定量参数是波幅和时限。另将大鼠用麻醉法致死,小心剥离胫骨前肌,制片,行苏木精-伊红染色观察组织学的变化情况。结果:21只大鼠都进入结果分析,中途无淘汰者。①同心圆针肌电图时程在运动后即刻明显增长(P<0.001);在3～12h期间趋于正常,12～24h上升斜率最大,运动后48h组达到最大(P<0.002);24～48h时段内时程又呈较低缓下降状态。②同心圆针肌电图波幅动态变化在运动后即刻波幅变小,且明显小于正常(P<0.01),而后逐渐增加,运动后即刻6h已经明显超过正常值(P<0.001),到运动后即刻48h达到最高峰。③对照组胫骨前肌肌肉大体呈红润。运动后即刻组肌肉呈淡红色。从运动后即刻3h到48h肌肉颜色渐渐向暗红色变化,光泽渐渐趋向光亮。光镜下对照组无异常改变;运动后即刻组各层肌组织接近正常;运动后即刻6h有部分肌纤维轻度水肿,深层组织的部分血管壁及周围可见漏出血管外的红细胞;运动后即刻24h受损伤的肌细胞明显增多;运动后即刻48h肌纤维损伤进一步加重,受损肌细胞内巨噬细胞明显增多。结论:利用肌电图测定延迟性肌肉损伤的敏感时间大约运动后6～48h,最佳测定时间是运动后24～48h。随着肌肉的延迟性损伤的显著加重,肌电图波幅明显增大,时限显著变长。
AIM： To detect delayed onset muscle damage with electromyogram （EMG）, so as to seek a practical invasive technique for the detection of delayed onset muscle damage.
METHODS： The experiment was carried out in the central laboratory of Chengdu Institute of Physical Education in May 2003. Twenty-one male Wistar rats of 1.5 months were randomly divided into study group and control group （no exercise training, n=3）, and those in the study group were divided into 6 time points of 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours after exercise respectively with 3 rats at each time point. The rats were forced to run on the down-slope electric treadmill for 90 minutes （v = 16 m per minute, r= 16°）, and then the needles were inserted with standard cocenric circle needle electrode from the topof tihial tuberosity towards fibular 3 mm, on the sagittal plane paralleled with tibial axial line, on the coronal surface with 10° towards tibial axial line, from superficial to deep with 3 angles （6, 8, 10 mm）. The earth electrode was inserted from distal to proximal limb into gastrocnemius muscle around tibialis anterior muscle. According to the operative standard parameters of selected EMG apparatus, they were tested at different time points, and the rats in the control group were tested without receiving any exercise training. The selected EMG quantitative parameters were wave amplitude and time limit. The rats were killed by means of anesthesia, and the anterior tibial muscle was stripped carefully, and then made into sections, the histological changes were observed with haematine-eosin （HE） staining.
RESULTS： All the 21 rats were involved in the analysis of results without deletion. （1） The cocenric circle needle EMG duration was obviously increased at 0 hour after exercise （P 〈 0.001）, tended to normal at 3-12 hours, the ascending slope was the maximal at 12-24 hours, and it reached the highest level at 48 hours （P 〈 0.002）, but slowly descended at 24-48 hours. （2） The cocenric circle needle EMG amplitude became smaller at 0 hour after exercise, and it was obviously smaller than the normal level （P 〈 0.01）, and then gradually increased, obviously exceeded the normal level （P 〈 0.001）, and reached the peak value at 48 hours. （3） The anterior tibial muscle was grossly flush in the control group, and became pale red at 0 hour after exercise, and gradually became dark red from 3-48 hours, and tended to bright. Under light microscope, no abnormal change was observed in the control group, the muscle tissues were close to normal at 0 hour after exercise, there was mild edema in part of the muscle fibers and erythrocytes leaked out of the blood vessel in part of the deep tissue and around it at 6 hours after exercise; the damaged myocytes were obviously increased at 24 hours; the damage of muscle fiber was further aggravated and the macrophages in the damaged myocytes were obviously increased,
CONCLUSION; The sensitive time to detect delayed onset muscle damage with EMG is about 6-48 hours after exercise, the optimal time was 24248 hours after exercise. With the aggravation of delayed onset muscle damage get worse obviously, EMG wave amplitude was evidently increased,and the EMG time limit was markedly lengthened.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第14期120-122,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
