摘要
利用2004年世界旅行与旅游委员会竞争力指示器所提供的207个国家,包括价格、开放性、技术、基础设施、人文旅游、社会、环境和人力资源8项指标的数据,计算各个国家的综合竞争力指数,进一步分析国际旅游竞争力的基本格局,并对我国在国际旅游竞争格局中的地位、主要优势与劣势进行深入剖析。运用SPSS统计软件中的主成分分析方法,首先对旅游竞争力进行了定量化的研究,研究揭示社会、人力资源和技术指标对旅游竞争力具有最高的贡献率,同时设施和环境指标的贡献率最低,并通过计算得出各国综合旅游竞争力的排名;然后运用聚类与判别分析方法,将数据完整的全球54个国家分成四类,结果显示第一、二类全部是发展中国家,第三、四类包括了所有的发达国家,经过判别分析有98.1%的国家分类是正确的;通过比较研究发现我国旅游发展中的竞争优势体现在价格竞争力,而人文旅游和设施则是目前最主要的劣势。最后对研究中尚存在的不足和今后的改进方向进行了探讨。
Based on the World Travel ＆ Tourism Council Data Base, which provided eight main indexes of tourism competitiveness including Price Competitiveness, Openness, Technology, Infrastructure, Human Tourism, Social development, Environment and Human Resource of 207 countries, the paper undertook the research on the tourism competitiveness quantitatively using Principal Components Analysis, Hierarchical Cluster Analysis and Discriminant Analysis with SPSS software. The results suggested that Social Development, Human Resources and Technology had higher contributions while Infrastructure and Environment had fewer contributions to the tourism competitiveness. Integrative tourism competitiveness of all the countries had also been reckoned. Cluster Analysis had divided all the countries into four groups. Those in group one and two were all underdeveloped countries while all the developed countries were included in group three and four. Discriminant Analysis had correctly classified 98.1% of original grouped countries. The tourism competitiveness of China were also discussed and found that Price Competitiveness was the main strength while Human tourism and Infrastructure were the key weaknesses. Finally the problems needed to further study were put forward.
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第2期326-330,共5页
Economic Geography
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(编号:40371030)
江苏省高校哲学社会科学研究项目(编号:03SJD790004)资助
