摘要
以前瞻性方法研究不同时期放置宫内节育器(IUD)250例,包括产后即时156例,剖宫产即时60例,产后30～90天32例及中期妊娠引产清宫后2例。随机抽取同期年龄、胎产次、产程和产科情况相似的未放置(IUD)100例产妇作对照,随访一年进行近期产科并发症、避孕效果及副反应观察,随访率100％。结果表明:不同时期置器无一例发生产科并发症和感染,产后出血发生率在产后即时组为0.64％,对照组1％,两组比较无显著性差异(P>0.05);产后恶露天数在产后即时组平均为34天,对照组30天;剖宫产即时组平均38天,对照组33天,以上两项两组比较均无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组哺乳量及月经恢复时间也基本相似。放置后1,3,6,12个月时每百妇女净累积续用率分别为产后即时组99.36％,96.79％,92.95％,92.95％;剖宫产即时组98.33％,98.33％,98.33％,98.33％。产后即时组6个月时妊娠1例,剖宫产即时组无一例妊娠。主要副反应以月经过多、淋漓不净较多见,3个月时的发生率与12个月时比较有显著性差异P<0.05),而且经对症处理可缓解,无一例因症取出IUD。
A Prospect Study of 250 cases of IUD insertion during different postpartum stages was reported, including immediate postpartum (n = 56),during Caesarean section (n=60),30 to 90 days postpartum (n = 32), and immediatly after induced abortion of mid-trimester pregnancy (n = 2). One hundred postpartum women,comparably in age, parity and obstetric condition were taken as control group. The abjec-tives are to study the immediate obstetric complication,contraceptive efficacy and adverse effects.Results showed: (1)No infection occu-red among all cases; (2) The percentage of postpartum hemorrhage was 0. 64% in immediate postpartum cases and 1 % in control group, showing no significant difference (P>0. 05);(3)In IUD groups of immediate postpartum and during Caesarean section lochia extended to 34 days and 38 days, respectively, while in the control groups they were 30 days and 33 days. No significant difference (P > 0. 05 ) was found; (4)Lactation condition and the time .for return of menstruation were alike;(5)At the time of 1,3,6 and 12 months after IUD insertion the net cumulative continuation rates were 99. 36% .96. 79%,92. 95% ,92. 95% for immediate postpartum group,and 98. 33%, 98. 33%, 98. 33%, 98. 33% Ce-spectively for Caesarean section group. One pregnancy occurred during the sixth month in the immediate postpartum group. Bleeding and spoting were the main adverse effects,it was more frequent during the first three months than twelve months (P < 0.05).
出处
《中国计划生育学杂志》
1996年第4期207-209,共3页
Chinese Journal of Family Planning
关键词
避孕
宫内节育器
放置时期
临床效果
副反应
IUD Immediate postpar-tum During Caesarean section Clinical effe-cacy Adverse effects
