摘要
胚胎移植可以提高家畜良种扩大的速度,但移植成功率会受到很多因素的影响。用6.5～7.5日龄杜泊羊冷冻胚胎作为移植胚胎,研究了季节和受体状况对杜泊羊胚胎移植妊娠率以及出生羔羊生长发育的影响。在比较春秋两季236枚冷冻胚胎的移植效果发现秋季移植的妊娠率(68.6%)显著高于春季(58.5%);春季和秋季移植后出生羔羊的体重,初生时无显著差异;但在30日和60日(断乳)时,春季移植的羔羊显著高于秋季。比较不同品种的受体发现,昭通绵羊受体的胚胎移植妊娠率最高,湖羊次之,小尾寒羊最低,但受体羊3种品种间无显著差异;较大受体羊(≥40kg)生产的羔羊出生和30d的体重显著高于较小受体(<40kg);但60d羔羊体重差异不显著,说明受体体重会影响羔羊的出生体重,但是对哺乳期的生长发育影响不大。春季移植出生的羔羊,其早期生长发育情况明显优于秋季。
Embryo transfer has potential to increase rates of genetic improvement in domestic farm animals. However, numerous factors may contribute to the efficiency of embryo transfer. We applied 6.5 -7.5 d embryos to study factors that may affect the pregnancy rates and development of the Dorper sheep. In the present study, totally 236 embryos were transferred to different recipients in spring and fall. The results showed that the pregnancy rates transferred in fall were significantly higher than that in spring, the birth weights of the kids were not different between spring and fall, but 30 d and 60 d weights from spring were heavier than fall. As far as the recipients, there was no significant difference among the three breeds, in which the pregnancy rates of Zhaotong sheep were the highest, and Hu sheep were better than the smallfat-tailed sheep. The birth and 30 d weights of the kids from big recipients （≥40 kg） were heavier than that from small ones （ 〈 40 kg）, but there was no significant difference from 60 d kids weights. This indicated that the birth weight of the kids related to the recipients＇ weight, but there was no difference between the developments of the kids, Dorper sheep born in the early autumn, which were transferred in spring, developed much better （P 〈 0.05） than those born in the early spring, which were transferred in fall.
关键词
杜泊羊
胚胎移植
妊娠率
体重
受体
季节
品种
Dorper sheep
Embryo transfer
Pregnancy rate
Weight
Recipient
Season
