摘要
秦汉律篇存在二级分类,张家山汉简《二年律令》以及传世文献中不属于九章的汉代律篇,应是九章之下的次级律篇。从九章律的形成过程,可以逆推战国秦汉时期律典的形成轨迹。李悝、商鞅、萧何编纂法典时,将针对具体问题制定的单行律加以分类,以其中一个单行律名作为该类的一级律篇名,由这样的六个或九个一级律篇构成当代的律典。在汉代,有关礼仪、朝仪、宫禁方面的法规亦被纳入“律”的范畴,与律令同录于理官,但是它们还没有取得与九章同等的地位,九章被视为正律,而它们则以旁章的形式存在。晋时旁章消失,中国古代法律体系进入新的时代。
The code of the Qin and Han Dynasties was a two-level structure. Er Nian Lü Ling(二年律令), a code of Han law written on bamboo slips and unearthed at Zhangjiashan, and the statutes in the other legal documents not found in the Jiu Zhang(九章, the Han code in Nine Sections), are actually the secondary level of statutes under Jiu Zhang. The statutes that were individually promulgated for the particular needs of society in the Warring States period and the Qin and Han dynasties were classified later by Li Kui, Shang Yang, and Xiao He when they compiled the code. They used the title of a certain statute as the title of the section of its type. The code was composed of six or nine such sections. Jiu Zhang Lü was seen as the primary code regulation in Han dynasty whilst the other laws such as Bang Zhang(傍章) by Shu Suntong, Yue Gong Lü(越宫律)by Zhang Tang, and Chao Lü(朝律) by Zhao Yu were secondary laws which disappeared in the Jin dynasty ,when the Chinese law system stepped into a new era.
出处
《历史研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2005年第6期74-90,共17页
Historical Research
