摘要
目的研究南京市儿童过敏性鼻炎(AR)及相关下呼吸道疾病流行病学特征。方法2004年3-5月用南京市儿童呼吸道疾病问卷调查表对随机选择的南京市7所小学三年级学生(9-10岁)进行问卷调查。调查分为两阶段,第一阶段向家长发放问卷调查筛选AR可疑患者,第二阶段对可疑患者进行专科检查确诊。对调查结果进行统计学处理。结果1.共发放问卷调查表1087份.回收989份,应答率91%,有效答卷942份;2.南京市9-10岁儿童AR现患率为5.1%,其中男5.6%(27/484)、女4.6%(21/458),男与女发病率无差异(x2=0.480P>0.05);按ARIA2001年分类标准:持续性45.8%(22/48),其中轻度20.8%(10/48)、中-重度25.0%(12/48);间歇性54.2%(26/48).其中轻度45.8%(22-/48)、中-重度8.4%(4/48):3.AR患儿并哮喘、支气管炎、支气管扩张现患率(分别为40.0%、25.0%、2.0%)均较非AR儿童现患率(分别为3.9%、8.4%、0.1%)高,两组间并哮喘(x2=75.141P<0.001)、气管炎(x2=10.678P<0.001)差异具有统计学意义.而并支气管扩张现患率两组间无显著差异(x2=0.053P>0.05)。结论南京市9-10岁儿童AR现患率为5.1%,与哮喘、支气管炎密切相关,因此应特别关注对上下呼吸道疾病的一致性和治疗的统一性。
Objective To explore epidemic features of allergic rhinitis （AR） and related inferior airway diseases in children in Nanjing. Methods A questionnaire survey on AR and airway diseases was conducted among 1087 elementary .school children, aged from 9 to 10 years, of 7 schools in Nanjing city by randomly cluster sampling, from March to May, 2004. The survey included scree-ning suspects of AR by filling up the questionnaires by their parents and then special examination for accurate diagnosis. All data were treated statistically. Results 1. A total of 989 parents retumed their questionnaires. The response rate was 91% and 942 questionnaires were available. 2. The prevalence rate of AR was 5.1% in Nanjing city. the difference of prevalence between female（5.6% .27/484 ） and male（4.6% ,21/458） was not insignificant statisfically（X^2=0. 480 P〉0.05）. According to the classification criteria of ARIA（allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma） in 2001, 26 children suffered from intermittent AR （mild 22 cases, moderate- severe 4 cases）, while 22 from persistent AR （ mild 10 cases, moderate - severe 12 cases）. 3. The incidences of asthma, bronchitis , and bronchiectasis of AR children（40.0%, 25.0% .2.0%） were higher than those without AR（3.90% ,8.40% ,0.10% ）. The correlation between .AR and asthma（X^2 = 75. 141 P〈0. 001 ）or bronchitis（X^2 = 10. 678 P〈0. 001 ）was statistically significant, while that with bronchiechietasis（X^2 = 0. 053 P 〉0.05 ）were not. Conclusions The prevalence rate of AR in children aged from 9 to 10 years in Nanjing city is 5.1%. AR is closely related to asthma and bronchitis. Special attention shall be paid to the consistency of airway diseases and combined treatment.
出处
《实用儿科临床杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第10期963-965,共3页
Journal of Applied Clinical Pediatrics
关键词
儿童
鼻炎
下呼吸道疾病
流行病
children
allergic rhinitis
airway disease
epidemiology
