3Sung HW, Shu WP, Wang HM, et al. Surgical treatment of primary tumor of the sacrum[J]. Clin Orthop, 1987,215:91.
4Waisman M, Kligman M, Roffman M. Posterior approach for radical exicision of sacral chordoma[J]. Inte Orthop, 1992, 21:181.
5Simposon AH, Porter A, davis A, et al. Cephalad sacral resection with a combined extended illioinguinal and posterior approach[J] .J Bone Joint Surg, 1995, 77-A(3) :405.
6Gitsch G, Jensen DN, Hacker NF. A combined abdominoperineral approach for the resection of a large giant cell tumor of the sacraum[J]. Gynecol Oncol, 1995,57(1):113.
7Conlon KC, Boland PJ. Laparoscopically assisted radial sacrococcygectomy. A new operation aopproch to large sacrococcygeal chordomas[J]. Surg Endose , 1997,11(1):1118.
8Marcove RC, Sheth DS, Brien EW, et al. Consequrative surgery for giant cell tumors of the sacrum: The role of cryosurgery as a supplement to curttage and partial excision[J]. Cancer, 1994, 74(4): 1253.
9Althausen PL, Schneider PD, Bold RJ, et al. Multimodality management of a giant cell tumor arising in the proximal sacrum: case report[J]. Spine, 2002, 27(15): E361-365.
5GOKASLAN Z L, ROMSDAHL M M, KROLL S S, et al. Total sacrectomy and Galveston L - rod reconstruction for malignant neoplasms. Technical note[J]. J Neurosurg, 1997, 87(5) : 781 -787.
6HANNA S A, ASTON W J, BRIGGS T W, et al. Sacral chordoma : can local recurrence after sacrectomy be predicted? [ J ]. Clin Orthop Relat Res, 2008, 466(9) : 2 217 -2 223.
7FUCHS B, DICKEY I D, YASZEMSKI M J, et al. Operative management of sacral chordoma[ J]. J Bone Joint Surg Am, 2005, 87(10) : 2 211 -2 216.
8OSAKA S, KONDOH O, YOSHIDA Y, et al. Radical excision of malignant sacral tumors using a modified threadwire saw [ J ]. J Surg Oncol, 2006, 15; 93(4) : 312 -317.
9FOURNEY D R, RHINES L D, HENTSCHEL S J, et al. En bloc resection of primary sacral tumors : classification of surgical approaches and outcome[J]. J Neurosurg Spine, 2005, 3(2) : 111 -122.
10HEYER C M, AL HADARI A, MUELLER K M, et al. Effectiveness of CT - guided percutaneous biopsies of the spine an analysis of 202 examinations [J]. Acad Radiol, 2008, 15 (7) : 901 - 911.
