摘要
目的:调查毕业班中学生睡眠状况对心理健康水平及学习效果的影响。方法:采取整群抽样的方法于2004-04对西安市某中学的初三和高三的两个年级的两个班的119名学生进行调查。其中初三年级61人,高三年级组58人。愿意参加调查即可入组。采用自编睡眠情况调查表(每天睡眠时间,每天睡眠质量,有无午休习惯等)。调查参与者睡眠情况,采用症状自评量表(有90个陈述句构成,根据自己最近1周的实际情况分4级回答,记1～4分,1为无,2为轻度,3为较重,4为严重。量表还包括9个因子:躯体化、强迫、人际关系、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执、精神病)。评估参与者心理卫生状况。被测者根据学习成绩及在班级和年级所处的地位对学习成绩进行自我评价。结果:按意向处理分析,119名学生均完成调查。①学生睡眠时间分析:90.7%的不足8h,80.7%的学生没有午休的习惯。69.7%的学生感到睡眠质量差。②症状自评量表评分结果:以中等度痛苦水平犤因子分(因子的总分除以组成因子的项目数)≥2犦统计结果,依强度(由大到小)排列为:焦虑38人(32.9%),人际敏感35人(29.4%),敌对28人(23.5%),强迫26人(21.8%),躯体化25人(21.0%);抑郁15人(12.6%);偏执11人(9.2%);恐怖6人(5.0%);精神病性5人(4.2%)。(③学习效果分析:认为学习效果差、一般、可以的分别为29人(24.4%),56人(47.1%),34人(28.6%)。结论:青少年学生存在睡眠时间不足,90%以上的学生平均睡眠时间不足8h,70%的学生睡眠质量差。30%以上的学生存在着不同的心理卫生症状和躯体症状。学生的身心健康对学习效率有较大的影响,70%以上的学生认为学习效率差或一般。初三和高三学生存在明显睡眠不足和产生身心症状的问题,对学习效率有影响。
AIM： To investigate the effect of sleep status on the mental health level and learning results in the middle school students, who are going to graduate. METHODS： Totally 119 students of junior grade 3 （n=61） and senior grade 3 （n=58） in a middle school of Xi＇an city were voluntarily investigated by means of cluster sampling in April 2004. Their sleep 6tatus was investigated with the self-designed sleep status inventory （including everyday sleep time, everyday sleep quality, having the habit of midday rest or not, etc.）; Their mental health status was assessed with the symptom checklist-90 （consisted of 90 statements, the subjects answered according to their own actual status in the latest 1 week in 4 grades of 1 to 4 points： 1 as none, 2 was mild, 3 was moderate, 4 as severe; It also included 9 factors of somatization, obsession-compulsion, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation and psychoticism）. The self-assessment of learning results was undertaken by the students according to their learning results and their position in the class and grade. RESULTS： According to intention-to-treat analysis, all the 119 students completed the investigation. ① Analysis of,sleep time： 90.7% of the students slept less than 8 hours, 80.7% of the student had no habit of midday rest, and 69.7% of the students felt that their sleep quantity was bad. ② The scores of symptom checklist-90： The results were analyzed according to moderate painful level [factor score （total score of factors divided by the number of items） ≥ 2], the order of intensity （from high to low） was anxiety in 38 cases （32.9%）, interpersonal sensitivity in 35 cases （29.4%）, hostility in 28 cases （23.5%）, obsession-compulsion in 26 cases （21.8%）, somatization in 25 cases （21.0%）, depression in 15 cases （12.6%）, paranoid ideation in 11 cases （9.2%）, phobic anxiety in 6 cases （5.0%） and psychoticism in 5 cases （4.2%）. ③Analysis of learning results： The self-assessment of learning results was bad in 29 cases （24.4%）, common in 56 cases （47.1%） and not bad in 34 cases （28.6%） respectively. CONCLUSION： Adolescent students have insufficiency of sleep time, more than 90% of them sleep less than 8 hours averagely, and 70% of them have bad sleep quality. More then 30% of the students have different mental health symptoms and somatic symptoms. The physical and mental health of the students have great influence on their learning efficiency, more than 70% of the students think that they have bad or common learning efficiency. The students in junior grade 3 and senior grade 3 have obvious insufficiency of sleep and problems of physical and mental symptoms, which can affect their learning efficiency.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第24期90-91,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
陕西省科学技术研究发展计划资助项目(2003K10G90)~~
