摘要
１９８６～１９９３年在闽侯桐口林场完成油茶低产林嫁接无性系改造面积３０．１３ｈｍ２。本文对１９８６年首批改造的０．１３ｈｍ２低产林的改造效果进行分析，结果表明：１９９１～１９９４年平均产油量２６１．７５６ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，比改造前增产６．７６倍；比对照增产５．９８倍。结合嫁接无性系改造进行的无性系测定，新筛选出闽１５，闽７５—８，闽７５—７，闽８４四个优良无性系，其平均年产油量５６７．０００～７１６．４００ｋｇ／ｈｍ２，果油率７．２６％～９．２２％；比参试平均值增产２３．２８％～５５．７６％；而且没有发现炭疽病危害果实。据对１０个无性系间可配性测定结果表明：平均成果率２１．１％，比对照成果率１６．７％提高４．４％；若按第一批无性系测定筛选出的闽４３、闽４８、闽６０三个优良无性系互交组合统计，平均成果率２７．４％，比对照成果率提高１０．７％。同时，还筛选出闽４３×闽４８、闽４８×闽４９、闽４８×闽５６、闽４８×闽６２四个最佳组合，其成果率在５０％以上。再次证明优良无性系具有可配性强的特点，而且各品系之间可配性存在一定的差异，可通过选择来提高油茶无性系的可配性。
During the period 1986～1993,30.13 ha of low yield stands of Camellia oleifera were transformed by grafting clones at the Tongkou Forest Farm,Fujian Province. In this paper,the results of the 0.130 ha low yield stands reformed in 1986 were analysed. The results showed that the annual average oil yield was 261.756 kg/hm 2 during 1991～1994,6.76 times than that before transformation and 5.98 folds than the controls. M15,M75 8,M75 7,M84 excellent clones were selected once more in the light of transformation of grafting clones. Their average oil yield was 567. 000～716. 400 kg/hm 2,the rate of oil was 7.26%～9.22%,23.28%～55.76% higher than those of the testing stands and the fruits were not harmed by the anthraconse. The results of compatibility testing of 10 clones and the mutual cross combination of 3 excellent clones (M43,M48,and M60) showed that the average setting ratios were 21.1% and 27.4%,4.4% and 10.7% higher than that of the controls. In the meantime the four optimum combinations (M43×M48,M48×M49,M48×M56,M48×M62) were selected. Their seting ratios were over 50%. All these showed that strong mating capability was the major characteristics of the excellent clones,and the variation existed in mating capability of strains. The mating capability of clones could be raised by selection.
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第2期184-188,共5页
Forest Research
基金
福建省林业厅下达"油茶良种选育的研究"课题
关键词
油茶
低产林
嫁接
无性系
测定
Camellia oleifera, low yield, grafting clones, effect testing
