摘要
张謇的伦理思想既有其鲜明的个性特征,同时蕴含着中国传统的伦理智慧。张謇对儒家的“中庸之道”终身服膺并身体力行,认为“天下事贵得其中,若趋于极端,往往不能成事”,在处世态度和人际交往上都反映了他凡事把握“度”,不走极端的理性思想和行为;张謇一生崇尚平实精神,对讲究“经世致用”的前辈先儒如汉代的田畴、明代的顾炎武颇为崇拜而奉为师法,这也决定了他的实践具有功用性和务实性的显著特点;张謇虽不信教却敬教,认为传统的佛教伦理道德可以端正世道人心,“济孔孟之教之术之穷”,因而主张“儒言佛言,共相维救”,他导扬佛教,但并没有把佛教伦理道德当成惟一的救世良方而影响他在文化教育方面的投入。
Mr Zhang jian＇s ethical thoughts have a special feature, and contain Chinese traditional ethical intelligence. He advocated the doctrine of the mean and applied it into practice, believed that if one who goes to extreme without sticking to the doctrine will ruin everything ; In all of his life, he upheld the spirit of simple, and respected the forerunners of Ru school——Tian Chou from Han Dynasty, Gu Yan Wu from Ming Dynasty. All the above reasons determined his remarkable pragmatism. He did not believe in religion but he respected it, and thought that traditional ethic of Buddhism can educate people. Though he advocated Buddhism, he still invested great in educational industry without taking Buddhism as the only way.
关键词
伦理智慧
中庸
经世致用
佛教伦理
ethical intelligence
the doctrine of the mean
ethic of Buddhism
