摘要
利用在山东省、海南省和浙江省的调查数据,以西兰花从种植到销售全过程为例,本文分析了"农超对接"进程中农户、合作社、超市之间的合作绩效和合作剩余分配情况。研究发现,在"农户+合作社+超市"模式中,农户、合作社和超市三者进行了有效的合作,成功地提升了西兰花的市场价值。通过建立农户亩均西兰花净收入影响因素的计量模型,本文发现,销售渠道的选择对农户亩均西兰花净收入具有显著影响。选择"卖给合作社,且合作社卖给超市"这一销售渠道的农户获得的亩均西兰花净收入,显著高于选择"卖给合作社,但合作社未卖给超市"和"不通过合作社销售"两种销售渠道的农户获得的净收入。在"农超对接"进程中,信息获取能力和风险控制能力决定了农产品供应链中不同行为主体对合作剩余的分配。其中,农户获取西兰花销售中的价格溢价;合作社获取其社会网络资源的经济租金;超市拥有市场营销活动的剩余索取权,并获取超额利润。
Using the survey data in the province of Shandong,Hainan and Zhejiang and taking the process from production to sale of broccoli as the example,the paper analyses the cooperation performance and its surplus allocation among farmers,cooperatives and supermarkets during 'farmer-supermarket direct purchase'.The results indicate that,an effective cooperation based on the mode of 'farmer + cooperative + supermarket' among farmers,cooperatives and supermarkets has successfully increased broccoli's market value.The econometrics model results of factors of farmer's net income per Mu of producing broccoli also show that,marketing channel has significant effect on farmer's net income per Mu of producing broccoli.From 'cooperative directly sale broccoli to supermarket',farmers gain more net income than that of other farmers via 'cooperative but not directly sale to supermarket' and 'sale not through cooperative'.Furthermore,surplus allocation depends on the partners' ability of information acquisition and risk control during 'farmer-supermarket direct purchase'.Among the three partners of supply chain,a part of the surplus act as farmer's efficiency wage regarding production,a part of the surplus is shared by cooperatives as economical rent for their social network resources and the remains is distributed to the supermarket in the form of excess profit.
出处
《中国农村观察》
CSSCI
北大核心
2012年第4期14-28,92-93,共17页
China Rural Survey
基金
国家社会科学基金重大项目"全面建设小康社会的社会主义新农村建设:全国十县百村实证研究"(编号:08&ZD013)
浙江大学汤永谦学科建设发展基金APRU博士生国际交流合作项目"农产品流通超市化与小农户适应全球化研究"(编号:2010ZJUAPRU)的资助
