摘要
目的:应激对免疫功能的影响已成为心理神经免疫学研究的主要内容之一,分析介入不同的身体锻炼方法引起的良好心理效应对心理神经免疫所具有的良好促进作用。资料来源:应用计算机检索ASP和Medline数据库1990-01/2004-12有关锻炼对心理神经免疫影响的文章,检索词“stress,immunity,exercise”,并限定文章语言种类为English,观察对象为动物及人类。同时应用计算机检索中国期刊网数据库1994-01/2004-12有关应激对心理神经免疫的影响以及锻炼干预的文章,限定文章语言种类为汉语,检索词“应激,心理,免疫,锻炼”。资料选择:对资料进行初审,选取符合要求的有关文献,并查找全文。纳入标准:①有关心理应激对免疫系统影响的研究原著。②有关锻炼改善免疫系统、影响中枢及内分泌系统的研究原著。排除标准为:文献中重复的研究和Meta分析类文章。资料提炼:共收集到51篇有关心理应激对免疫系统影响及运动锻炼对其干预作用的文献,排除重复或类似的研究,纳入20篇。心理因素对免疫系统影响的文献有10篇,锻炼影响心理神经免疫的文献有10篇,其中包括锻炼对机体免疫系统的改善作用5篇;锻炼影响心理神经免疫的可能机制5篇,包含有关交感神经的作用2篇;有关肾上腺皮质激素作用的1篇,有关神经肽作用的2篇。资料综合:紧张性刺激可以明显引起个体的情绪反应,包括焦虑、抑郁、恐惧或害怕等,导致机体免疫功能下降,消极生活事件及人格因素也和免疫功能有密切的关系。人对应激反应的产生是建立在人格差异和紧张性刺激类型的基础上,这就把应激、人格特质与免疫反应联系在一起。实际上,性格对免疫功能的影响最终还是要涉及到情绪反应模式、认知方式等一系列的心理过程,同时,自身的素质包括植物性神经系统、神经内分泌系统也涉及其中。身体锻炼作为一种心理干预手段降低心理应激反应的作用是多维的,可以采用身体锻炼的方法使机体变得更放松,锻炼能够提供规则情感或心理愉快方式去对待充满应激的事件。结论:不良的心理因素会引起机体正常免疫监控的失调。身体锻炼作为一种心理干预手段降低心理应激反应,对机体是一种刺激,机体发生应答性反应,加强机体的免疫监控能力,同时身体锻炼能引起良好的心理效应,通过整合调控中产生的各种物质对免疫系统产生良好的影响,从而达到健身和改善心理应激状态的效果。
OBJECTIVE： Researches about the influence of stress on immunological function become one of important cor tents of psycho-neuroimmunology; To analyse the intervention of different body exercises, which can improve psychological effect, and have auxo-action on psyche nerve immunity.DATA SOURCES： Using the key terms “stress, immunity, exercise”, we searched ASP and Medline Database for relevant psyche nerve immunity articles about animals and human published in English from January 1990 to December 2004. Meanwhile, the relevant psyche nerve immunity and exercises intervention articles from January 1994 to December 2004 were also searched for from Chinese journals full-text database by computer using the key words “stress, psyche, immunity, exercise” in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION： After selecting firstly, the literatures in accordance with the criteria were selected, and full text was searched,Inclusion criteria： ① The original work on influence of psychological stress on immunity system, ② The original work on exercise improve immunity system, center and endocrine system, Exclusion criteria： the repeated, and Mata analytic articles.DATA EXTRACTION： A total of 51 articles about psychological stress influence immunity system and exercise intervention were collected. After the exclusion of repeated and similar studies, 20 articles were included. 10 about effect of psychological factor on immune system,9 about effect of exercise on psyche nerve immunity, including 5 about amelioration of exercise on body immune system, 5 about effect of exercise on opportunit mechanism of psyche nerve immunity, including 2 about sympathetic, 1 about effect of adrenal cortical hormone, 2 about neuropeptide were included.DATA SYNTHESIS： Individual emotional response could be induced by tension stimulation, including anxiety, depression, fear or scare etc., which decreased body immune function. Passive life events had closely relation with personality facto and immunological function. The emergence of stress was on the basis of personality difference and tension stimulation, which put stress, traits and immunologic reaction together. Actually, effect of character on immunological function would relate to emotional response pattern and cognition manner. Meanwhile. self-diathesis included plant nerve system, neuroendo,＂rine SYstem. Body exercise as a psyche intervention method on reducing psychological stress was multi-dimension,which could make relaxation by body exercise. Regular feeling or psyche happiness manner could be gained by exercise to treat stress event.CONCLUSION： Disturbance of normal immune system can be induced by unhealthy psychological factor. Body exercise as a method of psycheintervention decreases psychological stress response, which is a kind of stimulation for body caused body response to enhance immune supervision ability. Meanwhile, healthy psychological effect can be caused by body exercise. The integration of various substance emerged in adjustment has satisfactory influence on immune system, which reaches healthy and strong body and amelioration of psychological stress status.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第20期210-212,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
