摘要
目的:分析与探讨中国大学生的出生地域与体格及血压的关系。方法:以上海市E大学1997入校的1764(男709名;女1055名)名大学生为纳入对象,分析与讨论了1年级(1997年9月测定)以及4年级(2001年5月测定)大学生的出生地域与体格及血压的关系。结果:①来自城市的学生入学时身高及体质量比来自农村的学生偏高和偏重犤男:(172.41±5.98),(168.92±5.48)cm;(61.27±10.00),(56.03±7.03)kg;女:(160.66±5.30),(159.00±5.18)cm;(50.57±6.65),(49.72±5.71)kg犦。②来自农村的男生入学后身高增长量虽然高于来自城市的学生,但经过4年的大学生活仍未赶上来自城市的学生犤农村:(170.14±5.65);城市:(173.38±6.04)cm犦。③男女学生身高及体质量均随着出生地域纬度的升高或者气温及降水量的降低而逐渐增大,1年级和4年级学生的身高,男女生都是沿海地区偏高;1年级及4年级学生的体质量,男生是沿海地区偏重,但女生间差异不存在显著性犤1年级和4年级学生的身高,男:(171.84±6.03),(172.86±6.10)cm,女:(160.58±5.26),(161.41±5.27)cm;1年级及4年级学生的体质量,男:(60.36±9.57),(64.65±9.90)kg犦。在身高及体质量与纬度之间,男女都存在显著性的弱正相关;身高及体质量与气温、降水量之间,男女生均存在弱负相关。④来自城市学生的血压高于来自农村的学生,男女同学血压与体格及海岸因素呈正相关犤1年级和4年级学生的收缩压,男女生均是城市高于农村,男1年级:(115.1±11.9),(113.2±11.3)mmHg;4年级(117.4±10.3),(115.5±9.6)mmHg,女1年级:(107.5±10.0),(105.9±10.3)mmHg;4年级(109.2±8.6),(108.8±7.8)mmHg犦;男女1年级学生的舒张压也是城市高于农村犤男:(75.2±7.8),(73.8±6.8)mmHg,女:(71.6±7.0),(70.5±7.0)mmHg犦。男女生无论是1年级还是4年级的收缩压与舒张压均是沿海地区略偏高犤男:(114.9±11.6),(117.3±10.0)mmHg,(75.1±7.4),(77.0±6.1)mmHg;女:(107.9±10.1),(109.6±8.3)mmHg,(71.6±7.0),(73.2±5.7)mmHg犦。结论:国内大学生的体格差异与城乡因素以及纬度、气温及降水量等自然环境因素有关。海岸因素与男生身高和体质量及女生的身高有显著的关系。大学生入学时的血压与城乡及海岸因素有关。
AIM： To analyze and investigate the correlation of birthplace with thep hysique and blood pressure in Chinese university students.METHODS： Totally 1 764 students （709 males and 1 055 females）,who entered E University located in Shanghai in 1997, were involved in the study. The correlations of birthplace with the physique and blood pressure of university students in _grade 1 （determined in September 1997） and grade 4 （determined in May 2001） were analyzed and discussed.RESULTS： The body height and body mass at the entrance of university were greater in the students from urban areas than in those from rural areas [males： （172.41±5.98）, （168.92±5.48） cm; （61.27±10.00）,（56.03±7.03） kg; females： （160.66±5.30）, （159.00±5.18） cm； （50.57±6.65）,（49.72±5.71） kg]. ② Although the body height of the male students from rural areas increased more than that of those from urhan areas during 4 years, they still did not catch up with those from urban areas [rural areas： （170.14±5.65） cm; urban areas： （173.38±6.04） cm].③ The body height and body mass of male and females were increasod with the increase of the altitude of their birthplace or the decreases of temperature and the amount of precipitation; The body height of male and female students in grade 1 and grade 4 was higher in those came from the areas along the coast; The body mass of students in grade 1 and grade 4 was higher in the male students came from the areas along the coast, and lhere was no significant difference in female students [body heigh! of students in grade 1 and grade 4, males： （171.84±6.03）, （172.86±6.10） cm, female： （160.58±5.26）,（161.41±5.27） cm； body mass of male students in grade 1 and grade 4；（60.36±9.57）, （64.65±9.90） kg]. Body height and body mass had significantly weak negative correlations with ahitude in both male and female students; Body height and body mass had weak negative correlations with temperature and the amount of precipitation in both male and female students. ④ Blood pressure was higher in students from urban areas than in those from rural areas, blood pressure was positively correlated with physique and eoas! factors in both male and female students [The systolic pressure was higher in students from urban areas in grade 1 and grade 4 than those from rural areas in both males and females, male studerits in grade 1： （115.1±11.9）, （113.2±11.3） mm Hg；male students in grade 4： （117.4±10.3）, （115.5±9.6） mm Hg, female students in grade 1： （107.5±10.0）, （105.9±10.3） mm Hg; female students in grade 4： （109.2±8.6）, （108.8±7.8） mm Hg]; Diastolic pressure was also higher in students from urban areas than in those from rural areas in both males and females [males： （75.2±7.8）, （73.8±6.8） mm Hg； females：（71.6±7.0）, （70.5±7.0） mm Hg]. The systolic and diastolic pressures in grade 1 and grade 4 were a little higher in both male and female students from areas along the coast [males：（114.9±11.6）, （117.3±10.0） mm Hg,（75.1±7.4）, （77.0±6.1） mm Hg;females：（107.9±10.1）, （109.6±8.3） mm Hg,（71.6±7.0）, （73.2±5.7） mm Hg].CONCLUSION： The difference in physique of university students in China is associated with urban or rural birthplace, and the natural environmental factors of altitude, temperature and the amount of precipitation. Coast factor has significant positive correlation with the body height and body mass of male students and the body height of female students. The blood pressure at entrance of university in the students is associated with their urban or rural birthplace and the coast factor.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第20期180-182,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
