摘要
报导了有关指挥控制工效等项研究的主要结果：（１）监视工效的昼夜变化与作业特点有关，简单的辨识作业工效以后半夜（０１：００－０４：００）最低，该时Ｐ３００幅值减低，潜时延长。（２）认知工效随难度增加而显著下降；Ｐ３００潜时延长，幅值增高；但过负荷时，Ｐ３００幅度降低。（３）感觉型作业的觉察力随作业时间延长而显著降低；Ｐ３００幅值增高，反映信息加工努力程度提高，有利于防止工效下降。双重作业总水平显著低于单项作业，个体差异加大。内向组持续监视工效在某些方面优于外向组。（４）语音技术对提高人－机系统工效是可行的，尤其在多重作业条件下的作用更为明显。文中对上述结果在工效评定、作息制度安排、操作者选拔以及人－机相互作用方面的意义进行了讨论。
The main results of four studies on monitoring
tasks were reported:(1)The time-of-dayeffect on the performance was task specific,the
performance of the simple discrimination task was low-est at 01:00-04:00,associated with lower
P300 amplitude and longer latency;(2) P300 latencies in-creased with the task demands,while
the P300 amplitude increased until demand overload ;(3 ) Thedetectability of sensory monitoring
task declined significantly over time,and effortful processing as in-dicated by increased
amplitude of P300 led up to better performance.The overall performance on dualtasks were
significantly lower than that on single tasks with larger individual difference.The
introvertsseemed superior,in some aspects,to extraverts;(4)The speech technology is feasible
for enhancingthe performance of man-machine system,particularly for the multiple-task
situations.The resultswere discussed in terms of the implications for scheduling of
work,assessment of workload,selection ofoperators and design of man-machine system.
出处
《航天医学与医学工程》
CAS
CSCD
1995年第2期146-153,共8页
Space Medicine & Medical Engineering
关键词
监视功效
人-机系统
工作负荷
昼夜节律
monitoring performance man-machine systems workload circadian rhythm
speechtechnologyAddress reprint requests to:JIANG Qiyuan.Institute of Space
Medico-Engineering, Beiging100094,China)
