摘要
研究表明,(1)普通小麦品种间盛花期穗胆碱浓度存在着极显著差异;系谱分析表明这一生理性状具有遗传性。(2)盛花期穗胆碱浓度与赤霉病田间抗性之间呈极显著负相关,即与病圃病小穗率、反应级值均呈极显著正相关(r_1=0.8634),可作为筛选小麦赤霉病抗源的重要生化指标之一。(3)富含胆碱的残留花药、雌蕊及早期颖果是禾谷镰孢菌的主要初侵染源;富集在穗轴和护颖表皮层叶绿素组织的胆碱则可能作为“分生孢子座的营养源”,刺激菌丝由此滋生并伸至穗表面形成分生孢子座,散发分生孢子进行再侵染;穗筛管汁液中的咀碱刺激菌丝沿着维管束扩展并在维管束节处繁茂生长。因此,胆碱不仅影响小麦抗赤霉病侵染性(r=0.9762),也影响抗扩展性(r=0.8871)。
The study shows the ranges of genetic variation of choline concentrations in flowering spikes among bread wheat varieties, the correlation of both the choline concentrations and the resistances to wheat scab [Gibberella zeae (Schw) Petch] and the action-patterns of a higher concentration of choline to wheat scab. The conclusions are as follows in brief.I. The choline concentrations in flowering spikes among bread wheat varietes are of significant difference and the variation is hereditary.Ⅱ. The correlation coefficents between the choline concentrations (Y) and the dis-eased spikelet ratioes (X1) or the disease reaction indexes (X2) are all of statistical sig-nificance, in the identifications of the resistance to infection (r=-0.9762) and of the resistance to disease spread (r1=-0.8634, r2=-0.8871). Therefore, the choline concen-tration in flowering spikes can be as one of the most important physiological characters concerning with resistance to wheat scab.Ⅲ. Besides anthers at anthesis, pistils and young caryopses are rich in choline and are the main sites of the initial infection. Choline in the sieve tubes of spikes stimulates mycellium spread. And in the spike chloroplast tissue, a higher concentration of choline can be as important nutriments for mycelliuni development to form sporodochia on the spike surface.It's suggested that utilizing the varieties with a lower concentration of choline in flowering spikes in wheat breeding may be beneficial to improve the resistance for wheat scab.
出处
《作物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1994年第2期176-185,共10页
Acta Agronomica Sinica
关键词
穗胆碱浓度
赤霉病
抗性
关系
小麦
Wheat variety, Choline concentration, Wheat scab (Gibberella zeae), Resistance, Relationship
