1Bottinger EP,Bitzer M. TGF-β Signaling in renal disease [J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2002,13(10):2600-2610.
2Choi ME. Mechanism of transforming growth factor-beta 1 signaling[J].Kidney Int Suppl, 2000,77:S53-58.
3Sharma K,Ziyadeh FN. Renal hypertrophy is associated with upregulation of TGF-beta 1 gene expression in diabetic BB rat and NOD mouse[J].Am J Phvsiol Renal Physiol. 1994.267(6):F1094-1010.
5Ziyadeh FN, Hart DC. Involvement of transforming growth factor-beta and its receptors in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephrology [J]. Kidney Int Suppl, 1997,60:S7-11.
6Ha SW Kim HJ, Bae JS, et al. Elevation of urinary betaig-h3, transforming growth factor-beta-induced protein in patients with type 2 diabetes and nephropathy [J]. Diabetes Res Clin Pract,2004,65(2):167-173.
7Hoshi S, Shu Y, Yoshida F, et al. Podocyte injury promotes progressive nephropathy in zucker diabetic fatty rats [J]. Lab Invest, 2002,82(1):25-35.
8Nakamura T,Ushiyama C, Suzuki S, et al. Urinary excretion of podocytes in patients with diabetic nephropathy[J]. Neprol Dial Transplant,2000,15(9):1379-1383.
9Ina K, Kitamura H, Tatsukawa S, et al. Transformation of interstitial fibroblasts and tubulointerstitial fibrosis in diabetic nephropathy [J].Med Electron Microsc,2002,35(2):87-96.
10Li JH, Zhu HJ, Huang XR, et al. Smad 7 inhibits fibrotic effect of TGF-beta on renal tubular epithelial cells by blocking Smad 2 activation[J].J Am Soc Nephrol,2002,13(6):1464-1472.
7Laiho M, Decapiro J A, Ludlow J W, et al. Growth inhibition by TGF-β linked to suppression of retinoblastoma protein phosphorylation [J]. Cell, 1990, 62 (1): 175.
8Osterby R, Hartmann A, Bangstad H J. Structural changes in renal arterioles in Type I diabetic patients[ J]. Diabetologia, 2002, 45(4) :542-549.
9Steffes M W, Bilous R W, Sutherland D E, et al. Cell and matrix components of the glomerular mesangium in type I diabetes[ J]. Diabetes, 1992, 41 (6) :679-684.
10Dalla Vestra M, Sailer A, Mauer M, et al. Role of mesangial expansion in the pathogenesis of diabetic nephropathy[J]. Nephrol, 2001, 14(4) :51-57.