摘要
１９９０～１９９３年开展水稻与高粱远缘杂交育种，培育了８个世代（Ｆ０～Ｆ７）的材料，并获得如下结果：（１）水稻与高粱有性杂交，采用父本高粱振荡授粉的方法，较易获得杂交种子，当代结实率的高低因组合与亲本品种不同而异．（２）杂种后代的变异可以粗略地分为三种类型：一是植株超高、生育期超长的极端类型；二是不明显变异类型；三是有很高育种价值类型．（３）杂交后代变异特点主要是每穗着粒数大幅度增加．着粒密度加大，是实现超高产育种的有效手段．本文还对远缘杂交的实质进行了讨论，提出了在远缘杂种后代中，不论是精卵融合还是非精卵融合，都只能是部分遗传物质结合的假设．
From 1990 to 1993,eight generation progenies(F0～F7)of the hybrid betweenrice( O. sativa)and sorghum were observed. The results are as follows :(1)Hybridized seedcan be gained more easily crossing. The percentage of seed setting of F0 was different accord-ing to different cross-combination or parents.(2)The variant progenies of the hybrid be-tween rice and sorghum can be roughly classified into three types. One type showed supertransgressive characters such as its plant too high and its growing period too long; the otherwas not a significant variant type;the third type had considerable value for rice breeding.(3)The variance of the progenies of the integeneric hybrid between rice and sorghum showed aspecial feature一number of spikelets per panicle and panicle density of the progenies in-creased greatly which is an effective way to get super-high yield in rice breeding. The essenceof the progenies of the wide hybridization was also discussed.It suggests that whether fusionbetween the oofid and sperm occured or not,the progenies of the wide hybridization was onlythe combination of part genetic material.
关键词
水稻
高粱
杂交育种
远缘杂交
paddy
sorghum
cross breeding
distant hybridization
