摘要
50年代以来,国际上相继开展了一些关于化学信息在小家鼠繁殖中作用的研究,并在实验室中揭示了一些反应:如集群雌鼠气味使雌鼠性周期延长的Lee-Boot效应,雌鼠气味能解除集群雌鼠对性周期的抑制、并促使它们同期发情的Whitten效应,以及陌生雄鼠气味中断妊娠的Bruce效应等等。但是,在成鼠间起作用的几种化学信息,是否能被幼鼠感受,对幼鼠的发育和性成熟是否产生影响,还是一个未知的问题。 影响小鼠发育的因素很多,除环境因子外,近来还出现了有关社群因素中外激素对小鼠性成熟影响的报道,发现雄鼠或给予雄激素的雌鼠有促进幼雌鼠性成熟的作用,范志勤发现父本气味和陌生雄鼠气味对幼雌鼠性成熟均有促进作用。但是,目前关于种内雌鼠气味、集群雌鼠气味、幼鼠气味影响性成熟的研究尚不多见。有关各种气味对性成熟效应的比较的报道亦少。本文的目的在于通过实验方法,阐明种内的几种化学信息,诸如父本、陌生雄性、雌性、集群雌性、幼雌等几种气味,对幼雌小鼠性成熟的影响,并据此了解幼鼠识别这几种信息的能力。
Young female mice were exposed to different odour stimuli which were strange males odour, parent males odour, solitary females odour, grouped females odour and young males odour, respectively. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the ability of discrimination and response to these odour stimuli and their effects on the rate of sexual maturation of mice. Female mice born between February 20 and March 5 were weaned at 20-25 days of age and placed into groups of four mice. The odour from an adult male, a young male, a nonlactating female and grouped adult females were introduced into four of the grcupes, while the remaining control group was maintained with out odours from either sex. The results from these experiments revealed that exposuie to an adult male odour accelerated the first oestrus but exposure to an adult female odour advanced the first oestrus considerably less. Accelerated sexual maturation was accompanied by a more rapid increase in body weight, heart weight, pituitary and ovary weight. Exposure to the odour of grouped adult female mice inhibited sexual maturation. Inhibition was accompanied by a less marked increase in the above-described. No effects were noted in mice exposed to an immature male odour while body weight and other indices were remaining constant. The results also show that young female mice can discriminate different odours from conspecific individuals. The more sensitivity period of percieving the oc'ours started from 25 days after birth. After aged 25 days, only a few days stimulation by strange male and fathers male odour made the young mice come to sexual matuar-tion quite early. The effects of odour on sexual maturation in young female mice were similar to the effects of odours on the estrous cycle in adult female mice. The same conclution could be made in term of the effects of grouped female mice which inhibited sexual maturation in young mice and prolonged estrous cycle in adult mice. It was found that influence on sexual maturation was stronger parent males odour than from others, including stiange males odour. Single female odour also accelarate the sexual maturation of young female mice. These two effects may be play a role in natural regulation of population.
出处
《生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第4期290-296,共7页
Acta Ecologica Sinica
关键词
幼鼠
化学信息
反应
Young female mice, response, ability of discrimination, odour stimuli.
