摘要
本文论述了黄河下游冰情特征、凌汛灾害、防凌措施及应用冰情数学模型优化三门峡水库防凌调度的研究。黄河下游属于不稳定封冻河段，有的年份，三封三开，约有十分之一的年份不封河，冰情变化非常复杂。本文根据热量平衡原理及水力学理论，结合实际经验，建立了一个冰情数学模型，用来进行冰情预报和优化三门峡水库防凌调度。经实测资料检验，结果比较满意。
Forecast and warning of river ice are the most important services in lower reaches of theYellow River where river ice thicknesses and distribution display the largest variance. This paper presents a thermodynamical modelling of the river ice treated asone－dimensional considering only the vertical heat transfer．Its framework consists of watertemperature model，ice growth and melt models，and freeze-up and break-up models．Thepredicted freeze-up dates and break－up dates show that the river ice models produce accept-able results by comparison with observed data during 1960-1986 and provide useful toolsfor the reservoir regulation of the Sanmen Gorge which is a effective measure to prevent riverice from cracks.
出处
《冰川冻土》
CSCD
北大核心
1994年第3期211-217,共7页
Journal of Glaciology and Geocryology
关键词
黄河
冰情
数学横型
水库调度
：river ice modelling，forecast of river ice cracks，reservoir regulation，Lowerreachcs of the Yellow River
