摘要
结合近年来最新评估的 1 o× 1 o人为SO2 排放资料 ,利用三维区域欧拉型硫化物输送模式 ,研究了 90年代中期东亚地区人为硫酸盐柱含量的时空演变规律。结果表明 ,中国大陆 ,尤其是中国东部经济发达地区已经成为东亚乃至全球硫污染的主要贡献源之一。东亚地区人类活动不仅使污染地区硫酸盐含量显著增加 ,而且使近海无源区的海域污染加重 ,人为硫酸盐柱含量分布具有明显的区域分布和季节变化特征 ,夏季柱含量中心位置明显偏北 ,其中污染地区柱含量逐月变化呈双峰结构 ,分别出现在 9月和 5月 ,9月最大。该地区硫酸盐集中在 4km以下的大气中 ,浓度随高度减少。近海海域柱含量秋冬大、春夏小 ,反映了来自大陆的输送情况。青藏高原地区柱含量变化呈单峰结构 ,夏季最大 ,冬季最小 ,冬季浓度随高度减小 ,夏季周边污染物向高原中低空输送 ,30 0m左右浓度最大 ;同时 ,夏季高原上空维持稳定上升气流 ,形成物质输送通道 ,各高度层硫酸盐浓度比冬季大 1个量级。
A three-dimensional regional Eulerian model of sulfur transport is used to investigate temporal and spatial variations of anthropogenic sulfate column burden over Eastern Asia during mid-1990s on the base of recent emission data of anthropogenic sulfur dioxide (SO 2 ) at a horizontal resolution of 1 o ×1 o The simulated results indicate anthropogenic SO 2 emission in China, especially in eastern China which is a fast economically developing region, have been one of the major contributions to Eastern Asia and global total emission Human activities in Eastern Asia result in a rapid increase in sulfate column burden not only in pollution areas but also in offshore water Anthropogenic column sulfate distribution has obvious seasonal and spatial pattern The relatively large magnitude of summertime sulfate column loadings move to the north of China as compared with wintertime In pollution area, 2 peak loadings of monthly sulfate are found to occur in September and May respectively and the maxima loadings in September In terms of vertical distribution, the amount of sulfate is found in the bottom 4 km and the concentration decreases with height In offshore water, the anthropogenic sulfate burden which show the magnitude of transport from eastern China is higher in autumn and winter than that in spring and summer In Tibetan Plateau, only one peak loadings is found, maximum occurs in summer and minimum in winter In winter, the sulfate concentration decrease with height over Tibetan Plateau; but in summer, the maxima concentration occurs in the height of 300 m due to sulfate convergence in the lower troposphere In the meanwhile, anthropogenic sulfate concentration at each level over the Tibetan Plateau in summer are almost a factor of 10 higher than that in winter because of strong upwelling motion of sulfate to the upper troposphere
出处
《气候与环境研究》
CSCD
2000年第1期58-66,共9页
Climatic and Environmental Research
基金
国家"九五"重中之重项目!96-90 8-0 1 -0 6
中国科学院大气物理研究所所长重点基金项目!98-2 0 9的资助
