摘要
大豆田大豆植株上繁殖危害的蚜虫,除大豆蚜、茄无网蚜外,豆蚜亦能暂居并少量繁殖危害。大豆田迁飞蚜虫种的数量,年度间和不同生境有所差异,但主要种基本一致。绿色诱盘捕获的迁飞蚜虫鉴定表明,主要迁飞蚜虫种,除以上三种,还有棉蚜、玉米蚜、禾缢蚜、桃蚜等,但大豆蚜占绝对优势。大豆植株上的翅蚜量,与绿色诱盘捕获的株冠面积着落翅蚜量,充分吻合。翅蚜迁飞频率与SMV流行速率相关密切。介体蚜虫传染SMV 83—02,得毒30—60秒的传毒效率高,以40—50秒的传毒率最高。供试得毒蚜虫,只桃蚜以2.94％的概率传毒至第二株其余均一株。最适得毒时间的传毒效率豆蚜最高58.33％、桃蚜47.66％,大豆蚜33.33％、茄无网蚜23.73％、玉米蚜12.90％、棉蚜最低4.29％。SMV主要介体为大豆蚜、豆蚜、桃蚜和茄无网蚜传染SMV亦有一定作用。
Aphis Craccivora and other species also can form small, temporary colonies on seedling soybeans, besides Aphis glycines and Acyrthosi-phon solani can colonize on soybean plant in the field in Harbin, The number and species of flight alate aphids varied with ecological envi-renment changed, but the main flight alate species were basically consistent during tow years. The Green-pantraps trapped alate aphids landing on soybean canopy and some of specimens were identified. The results indicated that, besides the three aphid species as mentioned above, Aphis gossypii, Rhopalosiphum maidis, R. padi, Myzus persicae accounted for the most of alate aphids alighting on soybean, but the number of Aphis glycines was absolutely the most abundant and Acyrthosiphon solani on the contrary. The number of alate aphids on soybean plant considerably correspond to that of alighting on soybean canopy area trapped with the Green-pantraps. The frequency of alate aphids landing on soybean was greatly related to SMV epidemic rate. The 83-02 isolate of SMV transmitted by aphid vectors with acquisition proble of 30-60 sec. were with higher transmission efficiencies, 40-50 sec. the highest. The most vector aphid species of acquisition probes only transmitted the virus to the first plant, but M. persicae to the sec nd plant with 2.94% transmission probability. Under the vec or aphid species transmitted SMV is late 83-02 by singe alate form with optimal acquisition time, the transmissi-n efficiency of A. cra-cciv ra was the highest: 58.33%, M. persicae. 47.66%, A. glycines: 33.33%, Ac. s lani: 23.73%, R. maidis: 12.90%, A. gossypii was the lowest: 4.29% am(?)ng the tested aphid species. The importznt vectors of SMV are A. glycines, but A. craccivora, and M. persicae also have a certain contributi n in spread of SMV.
出处
《大豆科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1989年第1期55-63,共9页
Soybean Science
关键词
介体
诱盘
传毒
大豆
花叶病毒
SMV, Important vectors, Green-pantraps, Transmission efficiency
