摘要
镉(Cd)是对人体有害的微量元素。镉含量过高会给动植物带来危害,镉过量可导致人体多种疾病或中毒死亡。本文综述了镉的化学性质及其在自然界的分布规律、存在形式及生物地球化学效应,利用区域化探扫面成果资料,特别分析了贵州地表覆盖的土壤和水系沉积物等介质中镉的地球化学分布特征。研究表明,贵州的镉主要分布在碳酸盐岩及其风化的土壤和沉积物中,镉的高含量异常与中低温热液成矿作用中的锌和有机物含量密切相关。镉的化学结合形态有多种,但以可溶态和可交换态形式存在的镉才能具有生物地球化学效应。贵州应重视和防止镉及汞、砷、铅、铊等生命有害元素发生"化学定时炸弹"的可能性。
Cadnmium is a trace element. The high cadnmium gives birth to the hazards for the propagation, if excessive which induce a variety of toxic diseases and even death. The geochemistry of the cadmium and its coverage regulation, existence patterns and biogeochemical effects are integrated in employing the regional geochemical data, especially analyzing the cadmium geochemistry in the materials of surface soil and stream sediments. The studies show that the cadmium mainly emerged from carbonate rocks and its weathered soil and sediments, the anomaly of high cadmium, and the contents of the zinc and organism in the low-middle hydrothermal are affined to ore-forming process. It takes multiform shapes of the chemical combination, but the dissolved and exchanged forms in existence could yield the biochemical effect. The possibility of occurring the pollutions as cadmium mercury, arsenic, lead and thallium should be regarded and averted.
出处
《贵州地质》
2004年第4期245-250,共6页
Guizhou Geology
基金
中国地质调查局"全国(分省)矿产资源调查评价综合编图"项目资金赞助。
关键词
镉
地表土壤
松散沉积物
环境地球化学
贵州
cadmium
soil and loose sediments at surface
environmental geochemistry
Guizhou
