摘要
该研究采用双人物线索语篇材料,对语篇理解中背景信息激活过程的共振模型与剧景模型进行检验。实验一发现,如果主角和配角一直同时在故事情景中成为主线索,则目标句中主角的行为可以激活那些经过屏蔽的、与这一行为相关的配角特征。在实验二中,配角只是在特征描述段落中出现,而后通过适当的描述使其在故事情景中消失,使主角成为故事的主线索,结果发现,此时目标句中主角的行为并不会激活经过屏蔽的配角的特征描述。这些结果表明,背景信息的激活虽然具有共振的特点,但共振并不是无范围限制的,而是一种情景限制下的共振。
The present study examined two major models on text comprehension (i. e. , resonance and scenario-based). The stimuli included passages about two people in which the characteristic of the supporting role was inconsistentwith the subsequent target action carried out by the protagonist. Participants read passages line by line at their own pace and made judgments about probe sentences that were consistent with the characteristics of the supporting role. The probe sentences were presented at three possible locations: after the description of the supporting role's characteristic, after the filler paragraph but before the first target sentence, and after the first target sentence. In Experiment 1, with the presence of the supporting role in the filler paragraph, the two characters both were the threads of the story. The result showed that subjects recognized the probe sentences following the target sentences faster than those preceding the target sentences, which means that when subjects read a sentence about the protagonist engaging in some action, early characteristics that described the supporting role were reactivated. In Experiment 2 , without the presence of the supporting role in the filler paragraph, only the protagonist became the thread of the story. The result showed that early characteristics that described the supporting role were not reactivated by the target sentences. Based on the results of the two experiments, we suggested that although we can use resonance to explain the accessing of backgrounded information in text comprehension in some way, yet the resonance does not seem to be unlimited. The semantic overlap only offers a possible way to access backgrounded information, whether the information can be activated or not is likely to be constrained by the reader's representation or situation model on earlier portions of the text.
出处
《心理学报》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2004年第6期644-653,共10页
Acta Psychologica Sinica
基金
本研究得到教育部全国优秀博士学位论文作者专项基金(200208)全国教育科学"十五"规划重点课题(DBB030244)资助。
关键词
语篇理解
共振模型
剧景模型
情景限制
text comprehension, resonance model, scenario-based model, situation-constrained.
