摘要
用扫描电镜及光镜观察了6周胚～36周胎小肠的组织发生。结果表明:从6周起至3月末肠壁首先出现矮隆突,随后形成球形结节、多边柱状体,最后转变为指状绒毛。从十二指肠、空肠至回肠,绒毛的形成和肠壁的组织发生都呈现近端～远端成熟的梯度。可见到绒毛分支和纵裂。18周后3段小肠绒毛形状方出现各自的特点。3段小肠杯状细胞主要分泌中性和酸性粘液。18～32周时见回肠的杯状细胞产生硫酸粘液。6～12周时十二指肠的微绒毛比空、回肠的短,以后逐渐变长,18周时达1.4μm以上。空肠、回肠的微绒毛在14周后皆为0.8～1.0μm。尚见成丛的和/或粗长微绒毛夹杂在短微绒毛之间。本文对绒毛形成、杯状细胞分泌和微绒毛进行了讨论。
The surface morphology and histogenesis of small intestine of human embryos (from 6 to 36 weeks) were studied by scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy. The results indicated that some low prominences began to form at 6 weeks of gestation and then transformed to round tuberculum, after that to polygonal column. The finger-like intestinal villi were formed finally at the end of 3 months. There was a apparent proximodistal gradient of the morphological maturation of villi and the histogenesis of intestine from duodenum, jejunum to ileum. Splitted and branched villi were found. From 18 weeks onward, the respective characteristics of villi in the three segments of small intestine appeared. Neutral mucus and sialomucus were mainly secreted by the goblet cells, while sulphomucus was secreted by the goblet cells of ileum during the late gestation. By 6-12 weeks the microvilli of duodenum were shorter than that of jejunum and ileum but they increased in height to 1.4μm at 18 weeks. The height of microvill at jejunum and ileum were 0.8-1.0μm from 14 weeks to 32 weeks. Tufts of thick and long microvilli among short microvilli were found. The formation of villi, secretion of goblet cells and microvilli was discussed.
出处
《解剖学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第4期419-423,共5页
Acta Anatomica Sinica
关键词
胚胎发生
小肠
扫描电镜
人
Embryonic development
Small intestine
SEM
Human
