摘要
目的 观察在社区中老年群体的功能转变情况,并分析其可能影响因素.方法 在1992年的基线调查时日常生活活动全部自理的60岁以上老人,1994年对同一样本再次调查,比较前后功能衰退情况,并进行单因素及多因素分析.结果 1992年时日常生活活动全部自理的60岁以上老人2522人,1994年共追踪到2377人,其中240人死亡;101人日常生活活动能力下降,共有341人(14.3%)功能衰退,转变为非健康生活状态.这种转变随年龄增高呈线性增长,单因素分析提示:社会经济状况、婚姻、家庭生活、营养情况、健康自评、心境水平等因素都是影响功能衰退的潜在因素.多因素分析则表明,影响最大的是增龄,其次是操作性日常生活活动能力有障碍、健康自我评价差及既往有脑卒中病史者发生功能衰退的机率较高.此外营养状况、家庭生活情况和心理卫生水平也有着不可忽视的作用.而文化程度、职业、社会经济状况、婚姻等指标主要通过一些间接的影响而发生作用.结论 要搞好老年保健,预防老年人功能衰退应采取综合性措施.
Objective The aim was to investigate the transition of physical functional status and to analyze its associated factors in an elderly population in Beijing. Methods The sample conisisted of 2377 elderly people dwelling in community who could manage independently in daily life in 1992 when baseline survey was conducted. Results Two years later 240 cases (10.1%) died, and 101 people (4.2%) showed a decrease in their physical function and became dependent in daily living. Thus the total rate of declination from active life to inactive life was 14.3% . It was found that the declinative rate increased with age. Farmers and persons who had difficulty in instrumental activity of daily living (IADL) also suffered a decrease in their physical function. Bivariate analysis of the factors associated with the declination revealed that many factors such as sociodemographic status, marriage, family life, physical health, self rated health, nutritional status, and morale level all had latent influence on the change in physical function. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the effect of age was the first factor, original level of IADL was the second one; after control for age and IADL level, self rated health was the third. The history of stroke was another important predictor for the occurrence of functional decline. Besides these health related factors, other variables like nutritional status, family life and morale level also had their own independent influence on the transition of active life to inactive life. The sociodemographic variables showed indirect influence on the change in functional status. Conclusions Synthetic measure must be taken for preventing functional declination in elderlys and thus maintaining in good health.
出处
《老年医学与保健》
CAS
1999年第1期21-24,共4页
Geriatrics & Health Care
基金
联合国人口基金资助项目(项目编号:CPR/91/923
简称P23项目)
