摘要
云南红豆杉是我国生产紫杉醇药物的主要树种。依据多年来对云南红豆杉林木样品中的紫杉醇以及半合成原料巴卡亭(包括10-去乙酰巴卡亭Ⅲ和巴卡亭Ⅲ)含量的测定数据,并与其他红豆杉属树种进行比较,说明云南红豆杉是上述3种有效成分的高含量树种。在云南红豆杉天然林木中,树皮的紫杉醇含量为0 02%左右,最高为0 0304%。小枝叶中紫杉醇的平均含量为0 0102%,最高为0 0217%,巴卡亭的合计含量可达到0 0808%(树皮)和0 0845%(枝叶),均具有优良的工业利用价值。人工种植的云南红豆杉林木,其药物成分的含量并不显著减少。在人工林木根系中出现紫杉醇含量为0 0421%～0 0460%和巴卡亭含量为0 103%的高含样品,均已达到世界著名紫杉醇原料树种曼地亚(杂种)红豆杉和欧洲红豆杉中紫杉醇和巴卡亭的高含量水平。在样品间3种有效成分的差异很大,可达数倍至17倍。原因可能有3个方面:(1)树木遗传差异;(2)受生态环境影响;(3)样品调制、贮存及分析测定中的差异。从这3方面进行研究和改进,有望提高云南红豆杉药用有效成分的含量。
Taxus yunnanensis is the major species for producing anti-cancer medicine taxol in China. According to the determination data of taxol,10-Deacety-BaccatinⅢ and BaccatinⅢ on samples of Taxus yunnanensis plants,and the determination data of Taxus yunnanensis was compared with other species of Taxus.The analysis and comparison results showed that Taxus yunnanensis is a species with high content of those three components.The taxol content of bark of Taxus yunnanensis trees from natural forests is around 0.02 %,with the highest percentage of 0.030 4 %. The average content in small branch and leaf is 0.010 2 % and with the highest percentage of 0.021 7 %.The content of Baccatin is high up to 0.080 8 % and 0.084 5 % in bark and small branch leaf respectively. Furthermore,the content of active components in plants from plantation does not decreased sharply.The taxol content in root of Taxus yunnanensis plant from plantation is 0.042 1 % ～ 0.046 0 %,the content of Baccatin is high up to 0.103 %.The content of different active components in Taxus yunnanensis plant all attained the high level of world famous raw material tree species,Taxus madia and Taxus bauata.There are significant different between the active component contents between different samples, the differences varies from several times up to 17 times. Following three reasons might cause this kind of difference,1)Genetic difference;2)Difference in ecological environment;3)Difference in managing, storing, analyzing and determining.It is promising to heighten the contents of active components by improving from these three aspects.
出处
《西部林业科学》
CAS
2004年第3期12-17,共6页
Journal of West China Forestry Science
