摘要
基于对差异化运输产品的分析,建立了不同运输方式企业之间的价格博弈模型和相同运输方式之间的企业竞争博弈模型,并就相关情形进行了基本的博弈分析。分析得出:不同种运输方式之间的企业竞争时,如果运输产品的差异度较小,企业对价格的反应不敏感,而随着差异度的增加,价格的敏感度也相应提高。因而企业应立足于产品与服务差异化,以提高与竞争对手的产品差异度来吸引顾客。对于同种运输方式内部企业之间的竞争,运输企业在提供相同的运输服务时,价格将是影响市场占有率的决定性因素,市场内参与竞争的企业过多,势必造成企业竞相降低运价,形成恶性竞争。文章最后提出了运输企业之间的竞争要逐渐从以价格为主导形式的竞争转到以产品差异为主导形式的竞争。为此,政府应放松运价管制,鼓励企业进行技术创新,引导企业提供差异化的运输产品。
The paper gives the price model based on game theory between companies of different transport mode and the model of game between companies of the same transport mode. It also analyzes the results of the games. When the companies of different transport mode compete, they are sensitive for the price if their products diversities are small. With the advance of the products diversities, they are sensitive for the price. So the companies should attract the consumers based on products diversities. When the companies of the same transport mode compete, the transport price is the crucial factor if they give the same services. If there are too many companies in the market, they must reduce their prices successively and lead to virulent competition. The paper presents that the competition between companies should change the competition forms from transport prices to products diversities, qualities and services. The government should deregulate the transport prices, encourage the companies to implement technology innovation, to provide diversified products and to form muli-win company team among the companies.
出处
《交通运输系统工程与信息》
EI
CSCD
2004年第3期113-117,共5页
Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology
