摘要
目的对铅尘接触人员进行职业健康促进,观察其紧张和卫生知识知晓率、个人防护、卫生行为和血铅浓度的变化。方法选择某蓄电池厂接触铅尘作业人员,以讲座、讨论和咨询热线电话等形式进行辅导,对比干预前、干预后1周、1年、2年观察对象对卫生部门和公司的信任度、铅危害紧张、卫生知识知晓率和呼吸器使用率、正确率及个人卫生习惯的变化及血铅浓度改变。结果对卫生部门的信任度从干预前的34.2%,提高到71.1%(P<0.01);对铅危害非常不安的从46%下降至21.7%(P<0.01)。卫生知识知晓率逐年提高。使用呼吸器的正确使用率分别从60.7%、55.1%提高到100%、98.2%(P<0.01);工后洗手、洗澡分别从82.3%、77.2%上升到100%(P<0.01);血铅均值从1.72μmol/L下降至1.35μmol/L,平均下降21.5%(P<0.01)。观察对象检出率从8%下降至3%(P<0.01)。结论职业健康促进能有效地提高职业接触人员预防铅中毒意识,减轻紧张,使之自觉遵守安全操作规程,正确使用个人防护用品,减少铅尘的吸收,降低血铅浓度,减少职业性慢性铅中毒的风险。
objective Given Occupational health promotion to lead exposure workers, the tensity ofworkers, using personal protection, health habit and blood lead concentration were observed. MethodsWorkers with lead exposure were selected from an accumulator manufacture, gave them a course of lecturesor discussion or hotline telephone interview with health education. The Confidence,tensity aboutlead, degree of understanding health information and blood lead concentration of before education, 1weeklater,1year and 2years later were observed. Results The confidence to health official and companyincreased from 34.2% to 71.1% (P<0.01). Rate of unease on lead harm decreased from 46% to 21.7% (P<0.01). Degree of understanding health knowledge increased stepwise. Using personal protection and its'accuracy increased from 60.7% to 100% and 55.1% to98.2% respcctly. The mean of concentration of bloodlead decreased from 1.72μmol/L to 1.35μmol/L, the decrement was about 21.5%. And excess of blood leadconcentration decreased from 8% to 3% (P<0.01). Conclusion The measure for. Occupational healthpromotion could improve protection consciousness of occupational expose, lighten the tensity of workersand using personal protection correctly. Finally decrease the absorb of lead dust, depress the blood leadconcentration and reduce the risk of plumbism.
出处
《国际医药卫生导报》
2004年第14期218-220,共3页
International Medicine and Health Guidance News
关键词
职业健康促进
血中铅
干预
Occupational health promotion Blood lead Intervene
