摘要
距今1580±70年(公元408±70年)长白山火山爆发,植被遭严重破坏。火山锥体上部的偃松群落因历次火山爆发而消失.近期火山爆发前,高山、亚高山上部植被与现代相似,只是林线由原来海拔2200m 左右下降到现在的2000m.今后林线将继续回升.
A lot of tree residues (wood fossil) were found under the pumice layer in alpine and subalpine vegetation in the Changbai Mountain.The residues of Betula ermanii and Pi- nus pumila distributed from 2050 m to 2160 m in the south slope.Based on ^(14)C dating, the residues were covered by a volcanic eruption happened 1580±70 years(408±70 AD) ago.Pinus Pumila communities disappeared after volcanic eruptions.From 1200 m to 1300 m asl in the east slope,the tree residues are dominated by Larix olgensis,as well as Picea jezoensis var.komarovii,Abies nephrolepis and Betula platyphylla etc.The palaeo- vegetation is similar to the current.In 2150 m asl of the east slope where the current vegetation is tundra,the only species of residues found under the pumice is Larix olgen- sis.Because of volcanic eruptions,the timberline lowered from original 2200 m to current 2000m asl.The forest from 2000 m to 2200 m asl was replaced by tundra after the events.The timberline is getting higher,but very slow.In the bare land of volcanic rock, vegetation succession model is.lichenes—moss—vascular plant communities,and the pumice bare land is occupied directly by vascular plants.
出处
《地理科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1993年第1期57-61,共5页
Scientia Geographica Sinica
关键词
植被
木化石
演替
偃松
火山爆发
The Changbai Mountain
Volcanic eruption
Wood fossil
Succession
Pinus pumila
