摘要
基于生态系统的渔业管理强调对渔业资源的多重属性加以管理,但多属性资源管理的交易成本往往过大,实践中通常只有极少数较为简单的属性(如生物量、年龄结构)在管理目标中得到体现,剩余大部分属性(如兼捕、捕食作用、生境)依然处于不受管制的状态,极易遭致过度利用。管理单一或少数属性可能会强行分割相互关联的属性,进而对资源可持续性和渔业总收入产生不利影响。当资源属性过于复杂致使交易成本过高时,从用益物权的综合安排中演变而来的集束产权,或许是更可行的办法。捕捞权市场(如配额交易)有可能解决渔具冲突、兼捕问题,而其他溢出难题(如捕食作用、生境影响)需借助公司产权、集体产权或政府规制来处理。
Ecosystem-based fishery management emphasizes the management of multiple fishery attributes.However,as the transaction costs of multi-attributes management are too high,relatively few attributes(e.g.,stock biomass,age structure) are specified in yield targets,leaving others(e.g.,bycatch,predation,habitat disturbance) to excessive use in the public domain.Arrangements that regulate single attribute or few attributes may artificially divide joint attributes that interact with each other,which are harmful to the sustainability and total income of the fishery resources.Alternatively,bundled property rights which evolve from a comprehensive arrangement of usufruct rights may be more effective and efficient.Markets for harvest rights(e.g.,quota exchanges) could resolve the gear conflicts and bycatch problems;other interactions(e.g.,predation,habitat requirements) could be solved by corporation or collective property rights and governance arrangements.
出处
《中国人口·资源与环境》
CSSCI
北大核心
2013年第S1期50-53,共4页
China Population,Resources and Environment
基金
国家现代农业产业技术体系建设(编号:CARS-48-09B)
关键词
渔业管理
多属性资源
产权
交易成本
溢出效应
fishery management
multiple attributes
property rights
transaction costs
spillovers
