Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)d...Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)databases.This study aims to establish a best-practice methodological framework,referred to as BRIDGE,to guide the construction of ICWM databases using EHRs.Methods:We developed the methodological framework through a comprehensive process,including systematic literature review,synthesis of empirical experiences,thematic expert discussions,and consultation with an external panel to reach consensus.Results:The BRIDGE framework outlines 6 core components for ICWM-EHR database development:Overall design,database architecture,data extraction and linkage,data governance,data verification,and data quality evaluation.Key data elements include variables related to study population,treatment or exposure,outcomes,and confounders.These databases support various research applications,particularly in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of integrative therapies.To demonstrate its practical value,we developed an ICWM-EHR database on women’s reproductive lifespan,encompassing 2,064,482 patients.This database captures women’s health conditions across the life course,from reproductive age to older adulthood.Conclusions:The BRIDGE methodological framework provides a standardized approach to building high-quality ICWM-EHR databases.It offers a unique opportunity to strengthen the methodological rigor and real-world relevance of Chinese medicine research in integrated healthcare settings.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To explore the treatment efficacy of integrated Chinese medicine(Chaihu Shugan San,柴胡疏肝散,CSS)and western therapy in the treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction(AIO),to provide new ideas for the man...OBJECTIVE:To explore the treatment efficacy of integrated Chinese medicine(Chaihu Shugan San,柴胡疏肝散,CSS)and western therapy in the treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction(AIO),to provide new ideas for the management of the disease.METHODS:In our single-blind randomized controlled study,120 patients with AIO who were hospitalized in The Affiliated Hospital of China West Normal University Nan Chong Gaoping District People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 and met the inclusion criteria were categorized into the treatment group and the control group.Patients from the control group were administered basic Western Medicine therapy,whereas patients from the treatment group were administered basic Western Medicine therapy plus CSS by gastric tube injection.Subsequently,the time to first anal exhaustion and defecation,time to relief of abdominal distension and pain,days of hospitalization,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)symptom scores,interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin(PCT)levels in the 2 groups were recorded and compared.RESULTS:The comparison of clinical efficacy of the treatment group were better than the control group.The TCM symptom score was considerably lower in the treatment group;the inflammation indicators CRP,IL-6,and PCT also decreased statistically when comparing the control group.Furthermore,there were significantly reduced in the time to first exhaustion,time to first defecation,time to relief of abdominal pain and distension,and days of hospitalization in the treatment group versus the control group.CONCLUSION:CSS could suppress the inflammatory reaction,reduce days of hospitalization,relieve clinical symptoms in AIO patients with reliable efficacy and high safety and is worthy of clinical application.展开更多
Abandoned mines,especially pyrite-rich ones,release acid mine drainage(AMD)with high acidity and excessive amounts of heavy metals,threatening regional ecosystems.Six samples of mine drainage,nine samples of surface w...Abandoned mines,especially pyrite-rich ones,release acid mine drainage(AMD)with high acidity and excessive amounts of heavy metals,threatening regional ecosystems.Six samples of mine drainage,nine samples of surface water,and twelve samples of sediment were analyzed in this case study of the Dashu pyrite mine in southwest China.A comprehensive analysis of the pollution levels,pollution sources,and potential hazards of eight metals(Ni,Cd,Cu,Zn,Fe,Al,Pb,and Mn)that exceeded regulatory standardswas conducted bymonitoring 24 conventional and characteristic indicators.Ultimately,this research evaluated the environmental hazards associated with abandonedmine water using the"pressure-response"model,thereby providing valuable insights for the effective protection of the environment in mining regions.The primary pollutants in mine water were determined to be SO_(4)^(2−),Fe,and Mn,with concentrations of 7700,1450,and 6.78mg/L,respectively.A clear"source-sink"dynamic was observed between themine water and the surrounding water system.surface water was primarily polluted by Ni and Mn,while water system sediments were primarily polluted by Cu and Hg.Ion ratio and Pearson correlation analyses indicated heavy metals in surface water and sediments originated from the same AMD source.The"pressureresponse"model was used to assess the environmental hazards of water from abandoned mines.Mines W1,W2,W5,and W6 were classified as high-risk,while W3 and W4 were medium-risk.This study offers a novel approach and valuable reference for identifying and classifying environmental risks in abandoned mines and targeting AMD treatment.展开更多
Objective:To explore the experiences of contraceptive use,reasons for discontinuation,and future intent to use modern contraceptives among married men in West Bengal,India.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional qua...Objective:To explore the experiences of contraceptive use,reasons for discontinuation,and future intent to use modern contraceptives among married men in West Bengal,India.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted among married men(n=10),aged 18 to 50 years by in-depth face-to-face interviews using a predesigned interview guide.The results were transcribed,coded and analysed recognising major themes.Results:The study identified the following themes as a rationale for men’s limited involvement in contraception:insufficient knowledge and education about contraception,cultural and religious barriers,misconceptions,economic hardships,gender-based disparities,and a shortage of male healthcare workers,along with a reluctance to seek help.Limited overall awareness about the specific role of men in reproductive health was also believed to hinder men's meaningful involvement in fertility regulation issues.Conclusions:Several challenges are identified among married males related to effective contraception use and the findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive education,culturally sensitive strategies,and improving access and affordability of contraceptives to overcome such barriers.These steps are essential for enabling informed reproductive health decisions and improving reproductive health outcomes.展开更多
Objective:To assess comprehensive abortion care(CAC)services uptake and barriers to it in selected representative units of the three tier health care in the district of Malda in West Bengal,India.Methods:We conducted ...Objective:To assess comprehensive abortion care(CAC)services uptake and barriers to it in selected representative units of the three tier health care in the district of Malda in West Bengal,India.Methods:We conducted community-based,concurrent,parallel mixed methods study.Quantitative assessment of knowledge of primary health care workers on CAC and appropriate infrastructure assessment was done.Qualitative methods were used to identify themes affecting uptake of quality care among stakeholders.Results:A total of 48 staff nurses and 133 auxiliary nurses and midwives were included in the study.About half of nurses(of total 48)who were second tier health care provider and two thirds(of total 133)of first tier health care provider had incorrect knowledge about legality of abortion.Only 40%mothers seeking abortion were accompanied to subcentre by primary health care worker.At the third tier health care site,physicians insisted on necessity of refresher training.Suboptimal uptake of available CAC services was due to lack of enabling environment.Lack of updated training across health care workers was observed.Conclusions:Health care providers at the community level were unaware of facilities available for mothers seeking abortion.Higher level health care providers were unsure of specific knowledge about legal permissibility and sterilization of apparatus for abortion.At the highest level,more training on medical methods of abortion was required.The problems identified are amenable to correction,and some administrative and service-related provision on appropriate measures may lead to immediate success.展开更多
With the development of education and technology,the construction of research public platforms has emerged as a critical initiative for many universities and top-tier public hospitals.The core and most fundamental fun...With the development of education and technology,the construction of research public platforms has emerged as a critical initiative for many universities and top-tier public hospitals.The core and most fundamental function of a basic public platform is to aggregate large instruments and specific resources,providing open services for instrumental analysis and sample testing.Optimized management and high-quality,efficient services are essential for such platforms.This article elucidates the construction of a research public platform in West China Hospital,focusing on the adoption of hierarchical management and precise services.The core of the hierarchical management lies in building a multi-level service platform composed of routine support platforms,advanced technology platforms,and specially qualification platforms,while establishing a talent hierarchy that differentiates between core and routine positions.This structure is designed to accurately meet the diverse needs of users and enhance resource efficiency.By implementing user access control with differentiated permissions for internal and external users and a dynamic credit-based review system,the laboratory can ensure safe and efficient operations.The four service modes—instrument usage,in-lab experiments,sample testing,and collaborative projects—are precisely aligned with various research scenarios.Proactive engagement with grant-funded projects,customized services for research groups,and a multidimensional training system further strengthen the platform's support for major scientific research tasks.Through systematic management and service innovation,this model achieves efficient integration and sustainable development of platform resources,providing a valuable reference for the construction of public platforms in similar medical institutions.展开更多
AIM:To evaluate the prevalence of early post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)among young and middle-aged patients who have suffered open globe injuries,and to identify the psychosocial factors influencing PTSD in these...AIM:To evaluate the prevalence of early post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)among young and middle-aged patients who have suffered open globe injuries,and to identify the psychosocial factors influencing PTSD in these patients.METHODS:A total of 280 patients who underwent ocular trauma surgery between January 2023 and January 2024 were selected through convenience sampling.Data were collected using a custom-designed demographic questionnaire,the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CDRISC),the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(C-ERRI),and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C).Univariate analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine the factors affecting PTSD in these patients.RESULTS:The average PTSD score for the patients was 33.22±13.48.The scores for individual PTSD dimensions,ranked from highest to lowest,were recurrent traumatic experiences,heightened arousal,avoidance reactions,and social dysfunction.Positive PTSD symptoms were observed in 85 patients(30.36%).Univariate analysis indicated that gender,postoperative vision,marital status,psychological resilience,and rumination were significant factors affecting PTSD symptoms(χ^(2)/t=6.53,17.88,8.83,2.17,and 14.1,respectively;all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between rumination and PTSD symptoms(r=0.73,P<0.01)and a negative correlation between psychological resilience and PTSD symptoms(r=-0.14,P<0.05).Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis identified postoperative vision(notably eye removal),rumination levels,and psychological resilience(optimism)as major factors influencing PTSD in these patients(R^(2)=0.57,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Young and middle-aged patients with open globe injuries have a high incidence of PTSD.Significant risk factors for early PTSD include primary enucleation,high levels of rumination,and low psychological resilience(optimism).Conversely,patients with good postoperative vision recovery,low rumination levels,and high levels of optimism are less likely to develop PTSD.Healthcare providers should pay special attention to patients who undergo primary enucleation,strive to reduce their rumination levels,and enhance their psychological resilience,thereby promoting a positive and optimistic attitude towards their condition and reducing the incidence of PTSD.展开更多
Non-selective hunting of waterbirds poses a significant challenge in biodiversity-rich areas such as Important Bird Areas (IBAs), where protected and game species congregate. Here, we present evidence from three conse...Non-selective hunting of waterbirds poses a significant challenge in biodiversity-rich areas such as Important Bird Areas (IBAs), where protected and game species congregate. Here, we present evidence from three consecutive hunting seasons spanning autumn 2021 to spring 2024 at a Natura 2000 site in western Poland, based on analyses of hunting bag photographs, local hunting records, and standardized bird monitoring data. We recorded 1331 hunted individuals from 14 species, 43% of which are protected under national or EU legislation. Among these was the Vulnerable Common Pochard (Aythya ferina), listed on the IUCN Red List. For nearly all species, harvest rates exceeded the sustainable thresholds defined by BirdLife International. Statistical comparisons between species' environmental abundance and their representation in hunting bags indicated no selectivity in shooting, pointing to indiscriminate hunting practices. Simultaneous waterbird monitoring (2018–2024) revealed steep declines in the local waterbird community and a marked decrease in Common Crane (Grus grus) numbers, with average autumn roost counts dropping from over 2000 individuals prior to hunting to 320 during hunting seasons. Although causality cannot be directly confirmed, these patterns suggest substantial disturbance effects. Our findings demonstrate the impracticality of selective hunting in species-rich wetland refuges and highlight the systematic killing of protected species. We recommend banning waterbird hunting in IBAs and implementing mandatory bird identification training and certification for hunters to reduce unintended impacts on vulnerable species.展开更多
The giant Pulang porphyry copper deposit,located in the southern Yidun arc segment of southeastern Tibetan Plateau,represents one of the region’s largest mineral systems.This study employs numerical simulation to unr...The giant Pulang porphyry copper deposit,located in the southern Yidun arc segment of southeastern Tibetan Plateau,represents one of the region’s largest mineral systems.This study employs numerical simulation to unravel its metallogenic processes.By integrating field-based geological observations with mineralogical and geochemical data,we developed a coupled model encompassing five key stages of ore formation.The simulation successfully reproduced thermal anomalies and accurately predicted the spatial distribution of mineralization zones at Pulang.Coupling dynamic modeling results with chalcopyrite precipitation rates and average Cu grades enabled quantitative estimation of deposit formation duration(0.99–1.22 Ma).Compared with conventional geochronological approaches,this process-constrained modeling framework provides unprecedented insights into the thermodynamic mechanisms controlling porphyry copper system evolution,offering valuable implications for regional exploration strategies.展开更多
As climate change intensifies,forests increasingly face the challenges posed by more frequent and severe droughts.However,the impacts of drought intensity on post-drought growth recovery and compensatory growth in tre...As climate change intensifies,forests increasingly face the challenges posed by more frequent and severe droughts.However,the impacts of drought intensity on post-drought growth recovery and compensatory growth in trees remain poorly understood.Understanding the mechanisms through which drought influences tree radial growth and accurately assessing how growth responds to different drought intensities is essential for forecasting forest dynamics.In this study,we used correlation analysis to identify the climatic limiting factors for the radial growth of P.schrenkiana Fisch.&C.A.Mey.(P.schrenkiana)across three elevations in the Western Tianshan Mountains of China.We assessed the impact of drought intensity on radial growth.By analyzing the growth resistance,recovery,and resilience of P.schrenkiana in relation to drought intensity,we quantified post-drought growth trajectories.Our key findings are as follows:1)Drought stress is the primary factor limiting the radial growth of P.schrenkiana.2)Tree growth responses vary significantly with elevation and drought intensity.As drought intensity increased,both resistance and recovery decreased.3)Compensatory growth occurred following moderate and severe droughts at all elevations.However,this was not observed in the first year after extreme droughts.These findings highlight the importance of the first post-drought year in determining the recovery trajectory of P.schrenkiana radial growth.展开更多
The broad objective of this research was to improve current surface mining practices and reduce negative environmental impact of overburden removal in West Virginia(WV).The specific objectives were to(i)compare conven...The broad objective of this research was to improve current surface mining practices and reduce negative environmental impact of overburden removal in West Virginia(WV).The specific objectives were to(i)compare conventional surface mining method(drilling,blasting,digging,and loading)to a surface miner(SM)method,and(ii)apply the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)to help select the optimal mining method based on production,cost and environmental criteria.The design and the procedures used in this research involve five interrelated modules:(i)rock properties of overburden in WV,(ii)drilling and blasting,(iii)digging and loading,(iv)SM method,and(v)comparative analysis and selection of the optimal mining method by AHP.Results of this research indicate that application of SM method would yield higher cost of overburden removal than conventional mining methods in rocks with a high unconfined compressive strength and abrasivity.A significant advantage of SM method,where applicable,is the elimination of the negative environmental impacts associated with blasting.展开更多
China is undergoing a rapid urbanization process,and urbanization will have a direct impact on regional ecosystems and affect regional ecosystem services.Considering the mountainous counties in Southwestern China as t...China is undergoing a rapid urbanization process,and urbanization will have a direct impact on regional ecosystems and affect regional ecosystem services.Considering the mountainous counties in Southwestern China as the research object,this study reveals the spatial clustering characteristics of four typical ecosystem services(food production,soil conservation,water yield and carbon sequestration)as well as the trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services in different urbanized areas.At the same time,piecewise linear regression is used to determine the threshold of the influence of urbanization on ecosystem services.The results indicate that:1)There are spatial autocorrelations among the four typical ecosystem services;with strong clustering characteristics,the positive correlation types are"clustered"locally;and with significant spatial heterogeneity,the negative correlation types are scattered and mainly appear in the highly urbanized area.2)There are also remarkable differences in the relationship among various ecosystem services in different urbanized areas,and in particular,there are marked trade-offs between food production and carbon sequestration in the moderately urbanized area and the highly urbanized area.However,there are synergies between them in the lowly urbanized area.3)With an increase in the compounded night light index(CNLI),water yield,carbon sequestration,food production and overall ecosystem services values present an increasing-decreasing trend,the soil conservation function value shows a decreasing-increasing trend.The response of water yield,carbon sequestration,food production,and overall ecosystem services to the compounded night light index(CNLI)has a threshold of 1.2642,1.4833,1.3388,1.5146 and 1.2237,respectively.Based on the detected relationships between urbanization and ecosystem services,this study provides a theoretical reference for the selection of urbanization development models in key ecological functional areas.展开更多
This article reports 21 AFT （apatite fission track） data from the West Shandong （山东） rise （WSR） and Jiyang （济阳） depression, and mainly studies their Cenozoic uplifting/subsidence history and the relationsh...This article reports 21 AFT （apatite fission track） data from the West Shandong （山东） rise （WSR） and Jiyang （济阳） depression, and mainly studies their Cenozoic uplifting/subsidence history and the relationship between them. Furthermore, we improve our insights into the Bohai Bay Basin （BBB）. Our AFT analysis and AFT T-t modeling indicates that the WSR was uplifted at ca. 65 Ma with apparent uplift rate of 0.019 mm/a; it underwent two relatively rapid uplifting events at 43-33 and 16-0 Ma with rates of 0.097 and 0.052 mm/a, respectively. Meanwhile, the Jiyang depression subsided at rate of 0.032 mm/a at 52-43 Ma, and the rate increased to 0.13 mm/a at ca. 42-33 Ma; finally the subsidence rate increased to 0.053 mm/a in 16-0 Ma. They all underwent a uplift in time of 23-16 Ma with rate of 0.04-0.07 mm/a. A careful comparison shows that the Cenozoic uplifting of the WSR coupled well with the subsidence of the Jiyang depression. Our research also suggests that the uplift- basin coupling events are part of the couplings between the Bohai Bay Basin and its peripheral moun- tains. This intraplate mountain-basin coupling is a reflection of global tectonic events.展开更多
A method for transient gene expression was developed for western white pine(WWP,Pinus monticola Dougl.ex D.Don)using reporter gene uidA encodingβ-glucuronidase(GUS).GUS was transiently expressed in cross sections of ...A method for transient gene expression was developed for western white pine(WWP,Pinus monticola Dougl.ex D.Don)using reporter gene uidA encodingβ-glucuronidase(GUS).GUS was transiently expressed in cross sections of primary and secondary needles,cotyledons,and current and second year stems of WWP via vacuum-infiltration with Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Histochemical assays of cross sections of secondary needles showed stronger blue color indicating GUS expression at day 1 and 2 than on other days post agroinfiltration(dpa).GUS activity expressed inside WWP cells was confirmed using light microscopy.In fluorometric assays,GUS expression was high at 1 dpa and lasted until 4 dpa in detached secondary needles,while similarly high expression levels only lasted until 2 dpa in attached secondary needles then dropped significantly.Although the length of GUS-staining zones varied among different WWP organs and between growth and dormant seasons,all tested WWP tissues using the protocol had high levels of transient GUS expression.Thus,heterologous candidate genes or endogenous silencing can be expressed in various WWP tissues or organs using this agroinfiltration approach.The current protocol for efficient transient gene expression will aid functional genomics study of WWP and its pathogens and related conifer species.展开更多
Objective:To evaluate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites on cattle in Indonesia because the prevalence of parasites varies between counlries depending on the terrain surrounding livestock farms and investigati...Objective:To evaluate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites on cattle in Indonesia because the prevalence of parasites varies between counlries depending on the terrain surrounding livestock farms and investigations in Indonesia have never been performed.Methods:Fecal samples from cattle at 35 farms in 7 districts in West Java,Indonesia,has been examined using the floatation or sedimentation methods,and a immunofluorescence assay and experimentally inoculation to mice for Cryptosporidium or Giardia spp.Results:153 of 394 examined cattle(38.8%)were infected with gastrointestinal parasites.The prevalence of Eimeria spp.,Nematoda spp.(including Oesophagustomum and Bunostomum-like),Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp.was 22.4%,11.2%,12.5%and 3.8%,respectively.Cryptosporidium andersoni(C.andersoni)was also found in two samples.One isolate of this parasite was confirmed to be transmitted to mice,in contrast to the isolates from other countries.Conclusions:although this survey is preliminary,the results shows that the infection of gastrointestinal parasites in Indonesia was not high,but these infected cattle could be as a potential source leading to economic losses in livestock production.展开更多
The mineralogy and trace element contents in coals from the West Bokaro coalfield, which is the one of the biggest Gondwana coalfields of India, were studied to delineate enrichment of trace elements and their modes o...The mineralogy and trace element contents in coals from the West Bokaro coalfield, which is the one of the biggest Gondwana coalfields of India, were studied to delineate enrichment of trace elements and their modes of occur- rence. Elemental concentrations with reference to their crustal abundances indicated that coals are relatively enriched in As （4.4-15.5 mg/kg）, Cd （0.3-3.0 mg/kg）, Cu （28.0-68.1 mg/kg） and V （46.6-178.0 mg/kg）; depleted in Co （10.8-28.4 mg/ kg）, Mn （7.6-483.4 mg/kg）, Ni （13.0-31.6 mg/kg）, Cr （14.2-85.5 mg/kg） and Zn （5.25-70.4 mg/kg）. The concentration of As, Cd, Co, Cu and V were higher than the average values of world and Indian coals. Mineralogical study carried out by X-ray diffraction shows that quartz and kaolinite occur as dominant mineral phases in this coal. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy pattern suggests organic structures primarily containing aromatic nuclei, aliphatic side chain and some oxygen containing groups. The modes of occurrence of trace elements present in these coals have been determined through statistical approach. Both Cu and Cr are more closely associated with mineral matter, whereas Co is dominantly present with its organic form. The concentrations of Cd, Mn, Ni, Zn, As and V have apparently occur in both organic and inorganic constituents. This study would be helpful to assess the potential environmental impacts during mining and combustion of this coal.展开更多
Background: Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has become a worldwide life-threatening pandemic.Lianhua Qingwen is believed to possess the ability to treat or significantly improve the symptoms of COVID-19. These clai...Background: Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has become a worldwide life-threatening pandemic.Lianhua Qingwen is believed to possess the ability to treat or significantly improve the symptoms of COVID-19. These claims make it important to systematically evaluate the effects of using Lianhua Qingwen with Western medicine to treat COVID-19.Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combination therapy, employing Lianhua Qingwen with Western medicine, to treat COVID-19, using a meta-analysis approach.Search strategy: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Pub Med,Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies evaluating the effect of Lianhua Qingwen-Western medicine combination therapy in the treatment of COVID-19.Inclusion criteria:(1) Research object: hospitalized patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 were included.(2) Intervention measures: patients in the treatment group received Lianhua Qingwen treatment combined with Western medicine, while the control group received either Western medicine or Chinese medicine treatment.(3) Research type: randomized controlled trials and retrospective study were included.Data extraction and analysis: Two researchers extracted the first author, the proportion of males and females, age, body temperature, course of treatment, rate of disappearance of main symptoms, duration of fever, adverse reactions, and total effectiveness from the literature. Odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) were used as the effect value for count data, and mean difference(MD) and 95% CI were used as the effect value for measurement data.Results: Six articles met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 856 COVID-19 patients. The meta-analysis showed that Lianhua Qingwen combination therapy achieved higher rates of fever reduction(OR = 3.43, 95% CI [1.78, 6.59], P = 0.0002), cough reduction(OR = 3.39, 95% CI [1.85, 6.23],P < 0.0001), recovery from shortness of breath(OR = 10.62, 95% CI [3.71, 30.40], P < 0.0001) and recovery from fatigue(OR = 2.82, 95% CI [1.44, 5.53], P = 0.003), higher total effectiveness rate(OR = 2.51, 95% CI[1.73, 3.64], P < 0.00001), and shorter time to recovery from fever(MD = à1.00, 95% CI [à1.04, 0.96],P < 0.00001), and did not increase the adverse reaction rate(OR = 0.65, 95% CI [0.42, 1.01], P = 0.06), compared to the single medication control.Conclusion: The Lianhua Qingwen and Western medicine combination therapy is highly effective for COVID-19 patients and has good clinical safety. As only a small number of studies and patients were included in this review, more high-quality, multicenter, large-sample-size, randomized, double-blind,controlled trials are still needed for verification.展开更多
A review of the period of unregulated exploitation of forests in the state of West Virginia (U.S.) and in Shaanxi Province, PRC was presented. Economic and ecological recovery from exploitation has been different in t...A review of the period of unregulated exploitation of forests in the state of West Virginia (U.S.) and in Shaanxi Province, PRC was presented. Economic and ecological recovery from exploitation has been different in the two regions due to basic differences in nature of the forest and in the degree and persistence of exploitive pressures. After a century since unregulated exploitation, West Virginia forests are well on the road to management for sustainability and conservation. Shaanxi's recovery from overuse and unregulated exploitation is less certain; forests are still in the early phases of ecological recovery there. Full recovery to a period of sustainability will take a century or longer. Suggestions are made for measures needed to enhance the forest recovery. Keywords Forests - Shaanxi - West Virginia - Central China - Forest exploitation - Recovery CLC number S754 Document code A Article ID 1007-662X(2004)01-0049-06 Foundation item: The project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (2002–2004) and Shaanxi Provincial Foreign Expert Bureau (2003).Biography: Jack E. Coster (1935-), male, professor of West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. U.S.A.Responsible editor: Song Funan展开更多
基金supported by the National Key Research&Development Program of China(No.2024YFC3505800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82474334,82474335 and 72174132)+3 种基金National Science Fund for Distinguished Young Scholars(No.82225049)the Key Research&Development Projects of Sichuan Provincial Department of Science and Technology(Nos.2024YFFK0174 and 2024YFFK0152)1.3.5 Project for Disciplines of Excellence,West China Hospital,Sichuan University(Nos.ZYYC24010 and ZYGD23004)the Special Fund for Traditional Chinese Medicine of Sichuan Provincial Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(No.2024zd023).
文摘Objectives:Electronic health records(EHRs)offer valuable real-world data(RWD)for Chinese medicine research.However,significant methodological challenges remain in developing integrative Chinese-Western medicine(ICWM)databases.This study aims to establish a best-practice methodological framework,referred to as BRIDGE,to guide the construction of ICWM databases using EHRs.Methods:We developed the methodological framework through a comprehensive process,including systematic literature review,synthesis of empirical experiences,thematic expert discussions,and consultation with an external panel to reach consensus.Results:The BRIDGE framework outlines 6 core components for ICWM-EHR database development:Overall design,database architecture,data extraction and linkage,data governance,data verification,and data quality evaluation.Key data elements include variables related to study population,treatment or exposure,outcomes,and confounders.These databases support various research applications,particularly in evaluating the effectiveness and safety of integrative therapies.To demonstrate its practical value,we developed an ICWM-EHR database on women’s reproductive lifespan,encompassing 2,064,482 patients.This database captures women’s health conditions across the life course,from reproductive age to older adulthood.Conclusions:The BRIDGE methodological framework provides a standardized approach to building high-quality ICWM-EHR databases.It offers a unique opportunity to strengthen the methodological rigor and real-world relevance of Chinese medicine research in integrated healthcare settings.
基金Nanchong City Science and Technology Plan Project:the Application of Tongli Shugan Liqi Method in the Treatment of Adhesive Intestinal Obstruction and its Effect on Inflammatory Indicators Interleukin-6,C-reactive protein and Procalcitonin(21YFZJ0108)。
文摘OBJECTIVE:To explore the treatment efficacy of integrated Chinese medicine(Chaihu Shugan San,柴胡疏肝散,CSS)and western therapy in the treatment of adhesive intestinal obstruction(AIO),to provide new ideas for the management of the disease.METHODS:In our single-blind randomized controlled study,120 patients with AIO who were hospitalized in The Affiliated Hospital of China West Normal University Nan Chong Gaoping District People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 and met the inclusion criteria were categorized into the treatment group and the control group.Patients from the control group were administered basic Western Medicine therapy,whereas patients from the treatment group were administered basic Western Medicine therapy plus CSS by gastric tube injection.Subsequently,the time to first anal exhaustion and defecation,time to relief of abdominal distension and pain,days of hospitalization,Traditional Chinese Medicine(TCM)symptom scores,interleukin-6(IL-6),C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin(PCT)levels in the 2 groups were recorded and compared.RESULTS:The comparison of clinical efficacy of the treatment group were better than the control group.The TCM symptom score was considerably lower in the treatment group;the inflammation indicators CRP,IL-6,and PCT also decreased statistically when comparing the control group.Furthermore,there were significantly reduced in the time to first exhaustion,time to first defecation,time to relief of abdominal pain and distension,and days of hospitalization in the treatment group versus the control group.CONCLUSION:CSS could suppress the inflammatory reaction,reduce days of hospitalization,relieve clinical symptoms in AIO patients with reliable efficacy and high safety and is worthy of clinical application.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2023YFC3710000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42277078 and 42307118).
文摘Abandoned mines,especially pyrite-rich ones,release acid mine drainage(AMD)with high acidity and excessive amounts of heavy metals,threatening regional ecosystems.Six samples of mine drainage,nine samples of surface water,and twelve samples of sediment were analyzed in this case study of the Dashu pyrite mine in southwest China.A comprehensive analysis of the pollution levels,pollution sources,and potential hazards of eight metals(Ni,Cd,Cu,Zn,Fe,Al,Pb,and Mn)that exceeded regulatory standardswas conducted bymonitoring 24 conventional and characteristic indicators.Ultimately,this research evaluated the environmental hazards associated with abandonedmine water using the"pressure-response"model,thereby providing valuable insights for the effective protection of the environment in mining regions.The primary pollutants in mine water were determined to be SO_(4)^(2−),Fe,and Mn,with concentrations of 7700,1450,and 6.78mg/L,respectively.A clear"source-sink"dynamic was observed between themine water and the surrounding water system.surface water was primarily polluted by Ni and Mn,while water system sediments were primarily polluted by Cu and Hg.Ion ratio and Pearson correlation analyses indicated heavy metals in surface water and sediments originated from the same AMD source.The"pressureresponse"model was used to assess the environmental hazards of water from abandoned mines.Mines W1,W2,W5,and W6 were classified as high-risk,while W3 and W4 were medium-risk.This study offers a novel approach and valuable reference for identifying and classifying environmental risks in abandoned mines and targeting AMD treatment.
文摘Objective:To explore the experiences of contraceptive use,reasons for discontinuation,and future intent to use modern contraceptives among married men in West Bengal,India.Methods:A community-based cross-sectional qualitative study was conducted among married men(n=10),aged 18 to 50 years by in-depth face-to-face interviews using a predesigned interview guide.The results were transcribed,coded and analysed recognising major themes.Results:The study identified the following themes as a rationale for men’s limited involvement in contraception:insufficient knowledge and education about contraception,cultural and religious barriers,misconceptions,economic hardships,gender-based disparities,and a shortage of male healthcare workers,along with a reluctance to seek help.Limited overall awareness about the specific role of men in reproductive health was also believed to hinder men's meaningful involvement in fertility regulation issues.Conclusions:Several challenges are identified among married males related to effective contraception use and the findings emphasize the importance of comprehensive education,culturally sensitive strategies,and improving access and affordability of contraceptives to overcome such barriers.These steps are essential for enabling informed reproductive health decisions and improving reproductive health outcomes.
基金funded by National Health Mission,Government of West Bengal[HFW-35099/37/2018-SFWB SEC(DHS)(HFW)/4441,dated 23 August 2018].
文摘Objective:To assess comprehensive abortion care(CAC)services uptake and barriers to it in selected representative units of the three tier health care in the district of Malda in West Bengal,India.Methods:We conducted community-based,concurrent,parallel mixed methods study.Quantitative assessment of knowledge of primary health care workers on CAC and appropriate infrastructure assessment was done.Qualitative methods were used to identify themes affecting uptake of quality care among stakeholders.Results:A total of 48 staff nurses and 133 auxiliary nurses and midwives were included in the study.About half of nurses(of total 48)who were second tier health care provider and two thirds(of total 133)of first tier health care provider had incorrect knowledge about legality of abortion.Only 40%mothers seeking abortion were accompanied to subcentre by primary health care worker.At the third tier health care site,physicians insisted on necessity of refresher training.Suboptimal uptake of available CAC services was due to lack of enabling environment.Lack of updated training across health care workers was observed.Conclusions:Health care providers at the community level were unaware of facilities available for mothers seeking abortion.Higher level health care providers were unsure of specific knowledge about legal permissibility and sterilization of apparatus for abortion.At the highest level,more training on medical methods of abortion was required.The problems identified are amenable to correction,and some administrative and service-related provision on appropriate measures may lead to immediate success.
基金supported by Sichuan University AI-Driven In-novative Experimental Technology Research Project(SCU2025047).
文摘With the development of education and technology,the construction of research public platforms has emerged as a critical initiative for many universities and top-tier public hospitals.The core and most fundamental function of a basic public platform is to aggregate large instruments and specific resources,providing open services for instrumental analysis and sample testing.Optimized management and high-quality,efficient services are essential for such platforms.This article elucidates the construction of a research public platform in West China Hospital,focusing on the adoption of hierarchical management and precise services.The core of the hierarchical management lies in building a multi-level service platform composed of routine support platforms,advanced technology platforms,and specially qualification platforms,while establishing a talent hierarchy that differentiates between core and routine positions.This structure is designed to accurately meet the diverse needs of users and enhance resource efficiency.By implementing user access control with differentiated permissions for internal and external users and a dynamic credit-based review system,the laboratory can ensure safe and efficient operations.The four service modes—instrument usage,in-lab experiments,sample testing,and collaborative projects—are precisely aligned with various research scenarios.Proactive engagement with grant-funded projects,customized services for research groups,and a multidimensional training system further strengthen the platform's support for major scientific research tasks.Through systematic management and service innovation,this model achieves efficient integration and sustainable development of platform resources,providing a valuable reference for the construction of public platforms in similar medical institutions.
文摘AIM:To evaluate the prevalence of early post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD)among young and middle-aged patients who have suffered open globe injuries,and to identify the psychosocial factors influencing PTSD in these patients.METHODS:A total of 280 patients who underwent ocular trauma surgery between January 2023 and January 2024 were selected through convenience sampling.Data were collected using a custom-designed demographic questionnaire,the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale(CDRISC),the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire(C-ERRI),and the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version(PCL-C).Univariate analysis and stepwise multiple linear regression analysis were performed to determine the factors affecting PTSD in these patients.RESULTS:The average PTSD score for the patients was 33.22±13.48.The scores for individual PTSD dimensions,ranked from highest to lowest,were recurrent traumatic experiences,heightened arousal,avoidance reactions,and social dysfunction.Positive PTSD symptoms were observed in 85 patients(30.36%).Univariate analysis indicated that gender,postoperative vision,marital status,psychological resilience,and rumination were significant factors affecting PTSD symptoms(χ^(2)/t=6.53,17.88,8.83,2.17,and 14.1,respectively;all P<0.05).Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between rumination and PTSD symptoms(r=0.73,P<0.01)and a negative correlation between psychological resilience and PTSD symptoms(r=-0.14,P<0.05).Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis identified postoperative vision(notably eye removal),rumination levels,and psychological resilience(optimism)as major factors influencing PTSD in these patients(R^(2)=0.57,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Young and middle-aged patients with open globe injuries have a high incidence of PTSD.Significant risk factors for early PTSD include primary enucleation,high levels of rumination,and low psychological resilience(optimism).Conversely,patients with good postoperative vision recovery,low rumination levels,and high levels of optimism are less likely to develop PTSD.Healthcare providers should pay special attention to patients who undergo primary enucleation,strive to reduce their rumination levels,and enhance their psychological resilience,thereby promoting a positive and optimistic attitude towards their condition and reducing the incidence of PTSD.
文摘Non-selective hunting of waterbirds poses a significant challenge in biodiversity-rich areas such as Important Bird Areas (IBAs), where protected and game species congregate. Here, we present evidence from three consecutive hunting seasons spanning autumn 2021 to spring 2024 at a Natura 2000 site in western Poland, based on analyses of hunting bag photographs, local hunting records, and standardized bird monitoring data. We recorded 1331 hunted individuals from 14 species, 43% of which are protected under national or EU legislation. Among these was the Vulnerable Common Pochard (Aythya ferina), listed on the IUCN Red List. For nearly all species, harvest rates exceeded the sustainable thresholds defined by BirdLife International. Statistical comparisons between species' environmental abundance and their representation in hunting bags indicated no selectivity in shooting, pointing to indiscriminate hunting practices. Simultaneous waterbird monitoring (2018–2024) revealed steep declines in the local waterbird community and a marked decrease in Common Crane (Grus grus) numbers, with average autumn roost counts dropping from over 2000 individuals prior to hunting to 320 during hunting seasons. Although causality cannot be directly confirmed, these patterns suggest substantial disturbance effects. Our findings demonstrate the impracticality of selective hunting in species-rich wetland refuges and highlight the systematic killing of protected species. We recommend banning waterbird hunting in IBAs and implementing mandatory bird identification training and certification for hunters to reduce unintended impacts on vulnerable species.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(No.2016YFC0600508).
文摘The giant Pulang porphyry copper deposit,located in the southern Yidun arc segment of southeastern Tibetan Plateau,represents one of the region’s largest mineral systems.This study employs numerical simulation to unravel its metallogenic processes.By integrating field-based geological observations with mineralogical and geochemical data,we developed a coupled model encompassing five key stages of ore formation.The simulation successfully reproduced thermal anomalies and accurately predicted the spatial distribution of mineralization zones at Pulang.Coupling dynamic modeling results with chalcopyrite precipitation rates and average Cu grades enabled quantitative estimation of deposit formation duration(0.99–1.22 Ma).Compared with conventional geochronological approaches,this process-constrained modeling framework provides unprecedented insights into the thermodynamic mechanisms controlling porphyry copper system evolution,offering valuable implications for regional exploration strategies.
基金supported by Tianshan Talent Program of Xinjiang(Nos.2022TSYCCX0003 and 2024TSYCCX0041)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42375054 and 42375196)+2 种基金the Desert Meteorological Science Research Foundation of China(Nos.Sqj2021018 and Sqj20240018)the Young Meteorological Talent Program of China Meteorological Administration and Youth Innovation Team of China Meteorological Administration(No.CMA2023QN08)the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA20100306).
文摘As climate change intensifies,forests increasingly face the challenges posed by more frequent and severe droughts.However,the impacts of drought intensity on post-drought growth recovery and compensatory growth in trees remain poorly understood.Understanding the mechanisms through which drought influences tree radial growth and accurately assessing how growth responds to different drought intensities is essential for forecasting forest dynamics.In this study,we used correlation analysis to identify the climatic limiting factors for the radial growth of P.schrenkiana Fisch.&C.A.Mey.(P.schrenkiana)across three elevations in the Western Tianshan Mountains of China.We assessed the impact of drought intensity on radial growth.By analyzing the growth resistance,recovery,and resilience of P.schrenkiana in relation to drought intensity,we quantified post-drought growth trajectories.Our key findings are as follows:1)Drought stress is the primary factor limiting the radial growth of P.schrenkiana.2)Tree growth responses vary significantly with elevation and drought intensity.As drought intensity increased,both resistance and recovery decreased.3)Compensatory growth occurred following moderate and severe droughts at all elevations.However,this was not observed in the first year after extreme droughts.These findings highlight the importance of the first post-drought year in determining the recovery trajectory of P.schrenkiana radial growth.
基金The research work in this paper is financially supported by the West Virginia Coal and Energy Research Bureau(CERB).
文摘The broad objective of this research was to improve current surface mining practices and reduce negative environmental impact of overburden removal in West Virginia(WV).The specific objectives were to(i)compare conventional surface mining method(drilling,blasting,digging,and loading)to a surface miner(SM)method,and(ii)apply the analytical hierarchy process(AHP)to help select the optimal mining method based on production,cost and environmental criteria.The design and the procedures used in this research involve five interrelated modules:(i)rock properties of overburden in WV,(ii)drilling and blasting,(iii)digging and loading,(iv)SM method,and(v)comparative analysis and selection of the optimal mining method by AHP.Results of this research indicate that application of SM method would yield higher cost of overburden removal than conventional mining methods in rocks with a high unconfined compressive strength and abrasivity.A significant advantage of SM method,where applicable,is the elimination of the negative environmental impacts associated with blasting.
基金supported by the 135 Strategic Program of the Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment, CAS (NO.SDS-135-1703)the Science and Technology Service Network Initiative (No. KFJ-STS-QYZD-060)+2 种基金Doctor Startup Foundation of China West Normal University (N0. 412650)the Sichuan Center for Rural Development Research Project (No. CR1811)Scientific Research Innovation Team Projects of China West Normal University (N0. CXTD2018-10)
文摘China is undergoing a rapid urbanization process,and urbanization will have a direct impact on regional ecosystems and affect regional ecosystem services.Considering the mountainous counties in Southwestern China as the research object,this study reveals the spatial clustering characteristics of four typical ecosystem services(food production,soil conservation,water yield and carbon sequestration)as well as the trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services in different urbanized areas.At the same time,piecewise linear regression is used to determine the threshold of the influence of urbanization on ecosystem services.The results indicate that:1)There are spatial autocorrelations among the four typical ecosystem services;with strong clustering characteristics,the positive correlation types are"clustered"locally;and with significant spatial heterogeneity,the negative correlation types are scattered and mainly appear in the highly urbanized area.2)There are also remarkable differences in the relationship among various ecosystem services in different urbanized areas,and in particular,there are marked trade-offs between food production and carbon sequestration in the moderately urbanized area and the highly urbanized area.However,there are synergies between them in the lowly urbanized area.3)With an increase in the compounded night light index(CNLI),water yield,carbon sequestration,food production and overall ecosystem services values present an increasing-decreasing trend,the soil conservation function value shows a decreasing-increasing trend.The response of water yield,carbon sequestration,food production,and overall ecosystem services to the compounded night light index(CNLI)has a threshold of 1.2642,1.4833,1.3388,1.5146 and 1.2237,respectively.Based on the detected relationships between urbanization and ecosystem services,this study provides a theoretical reference for the selection of urbanization development models in key ecological functional areas.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.40772132)
文摘This article reports 21 AFT （apatite fission track） data from the West Shandong （山东） rise （WSR） and Jiyang （济阳） depression, and mainly studies their Cenozoic uplifting/subsidence history and the relationship between them. Furthermore, we improve our insights into the Bohai Bay Basin （BBB）. Our AFT analysis and AFT T-t modeling indicates that the WSR was uplifted at ca. 65 Ma with apparent uplift rate of 0.019 mm/a; it underwent two relatively rapid uplifting events at 43-33 and 16-0 Ma with rates of 0.097 and 0.052 mm/a, respectively. Meanwhile, the Jiyang depression subsided at rate of 0.032 mm/a at 52-43 Ma, and the rate increased to 0.13 mm/a at ca. 42-33 Ma; finally the subsidence rate increased to 0.053 mm/a in 16-0 Ma. They all underwent a uplift in time of 23-16 Ma with rate of 0.04-0.07 mm/a. A careful comparison shows that the Cenozoic uplifting of the WSR coupled well with the subsidence of the Jiyang depression. Our research also suggests that the uplift- basin coupling events are part of the couplings between the Bohai Bay Basin and its peripheral moun- tains. This intraplate mountain-basin coupling is a reflection of global tectonic events.
文摘A method for transient gene expression was developed for western white pine(WWP,Pinus monticola Dougl.ex D.Don)using reporter gene uidA encodingβ-glucuronidase(GUS).GUS was transiently expressed in cross sections of primary and secondary needles,cotyledons,and current and second year stems of WWP via vacuum-infiltration with Agrobacterium tumefaciens.Histochemical assays of cross sections of secondary needles showed stronger blue color indicating GUS expression at day 1 and 2 than on other days post agroinfiltration(dpa).GUS activity expressed inside WWP cells was confirmed using light microscopy.In fluorometric assays,GUS expression was high at 1 dpa and lasted until 4 dpa in detached secondary needles,while similarly high expression levels only lasted until 2 dpa in attached secondary needles then dropped significantly.Although the length of GUS-staining zones varied among different WWP organs and between growth and dormant seasons,all tested WWP tissues using the protocol had high levels of transient GUS expression.Thus,heterologous candidate genes or endogenous silencing can be expressed in various WWP tissues or organs using this agroinfiltration approach.The current protocol for efficient transient gene expression will aid functional genomics study of WWP and its pathogens and related conifer species.
基金partly supported by the JICA Project of Capacity Development of Animal Health Laboratory and Grants-in-Aid for Scientifie Research from the Ministry of Education.Culture.Sports.Science and Technology.Japan(No.22700773 to M.M.)
文摘Objective:To evaluate the presence of gastrointestinal parasites on cattle in Indonesia because the prevalence of parasites varies between counlries depending on the terrain surrounding livestock farms and investigations in Indonesia have never been performed.Methods:Fecal samples from cattle at 35 farms in 7 districts in West Java,Indonesia,has been examined using the floatation or sedimentation methods,and a immunofluorescence assay and experimentally inoculation to mice for Cryptosporidium or Giardia spp.Results:153 of 394 examined cattle(38.8%)were infected with gastrointestinal parasites.The prevalence of Eimeria spp.,Nematoda spp.(including Oesophagustomum and Bunostomum-like),Fasciola gigantica and Paramphistomum spp.was 22.4%,11.2%,12.5%and 3.8%,respectively.Cryptosporidium andersoni(C.andersoni)was also found in two samples.One isolate of this parasite was confirmed to be transmitted to mice,in contrast to the isolates from other countries.Conclusions:although this survey is preliminary,the results shows that the infection of gastrointestinal parasites in Indonesia was not high,but these infected cattle could be as a potential source leading to economic losses in livestock production.
文摘The mineralogy and trace element contents in coals from the West Bokaro coalfield, which is the one of the biggest Gondwana coalfields of India, were studied to delineate enrichment of trace elements and their modes of occur- rence. Elemental concentrations with reference to their crustal abundances indicated that coals are relatively enriched in As （4.4-15.5 mg/kg）, Cd （0.3-3.0 mg/kg）, Cu （28.0-68.1 mg/kg） and V （46.6-178.0 mg/kg）; depleted in Co （10.8-28.4 mg/ kg）, Mn （7.6-483.4 mg/kg）, Ni （13.0-31.6 mg/kg）, Cr （14.2-85.5 mg/kg） and Zn （5.25-70.4 mg/kg）. The concentration of As, Cd, Co, Cu and V were higher than the average values of world and Indian coals. Mineralogical study carried out by X-ray diffraction shows that quartz and kaolinite occur as dominant mineral phases in this coal. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy pattern suggests organic structures primarily containing aromatic nuclei, aliphatic side chain and some oxygen containing groups. The modes of occurrence of trace elements present in these coals have been determined through statistical approach. Both Cu and Cr are more closely associated with mineral matter, whereas Co is dominantly present with its organic form. The concentrations of Cd, Mn, Ni, Zn, As and V have apparently occur in both organic and inorganic constituents. This study would be helpful to assess the potential environmental impacts during mining and combustion of this coal.
文摘Background: Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19) has become a worldwide life-threatening pandemic.Lianhua Qingwen is believed to possess the ability to treat or significantly improve the symptoms of COVID-19. These claims make it important to systematically evaluate the effects of using Lianhua Qingwen with Western medicine to treat COVID-19.Objective: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of combination therapy, employing Lianhua Qingwen with Western medicine, to treat COVID-19, using a meta-analysis approach.Search strategy: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Database, VIP Database, Pub Med,Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for studies evaluating the effect of Lianhua Qingwen-Western medicine combination therapy in the treatment of COVID-19.Inclusion criteria:(1) Research object: hospitalized patients meeting the diagnostic criteria of COVID-19 were included.(2) Intervention measures: patients in the treatment group received Lianhua Qingwen treatment combined with Western medicine, while the control group received either Western medicine or Chinese medicine treatment.(3) Research type: randomized controlled trials and retrospective study were included.Data extraction and analysis: Two researchers extracted the first author, the proportion of males and females, age, body temperature, course of treatment, rate of disappearance of main symptoms, duration of fever, adverse reactions, and total effectiveness from the literature. Odds ratio(OR) and 95% confidence interval(CI) were used as the effect value for count data, and mean difference(MD) and 95% CI were used as the effect value for measurement data.Results: Six articles met the inclusion criteria, including a total of 856 COVID-19 patients. The meta-analysis showed that Lianhua Qingwen combination therapy achieved higher rates of fever reduction(OR = 3.43, 95% CI [1.78, 6.59], P = 0.0002), cough reduction(OR = 3.39, 95% CI [1.85, 6.23],P < 0.0001), recovery from shortness of breath(OR = 10.62, 95% CI [3.71, 30.40], P < 0.0001) and recovery from fatigue(OR = 2.82, 95% CI [1.44, 5.53], P = 0.003), higher total effectiveness rate(OR = 2.51, 95% CI[1.73, 3.64], P < 0.00001), and shorter time to recovery from fever(MD = à1.00, 95% CI [à1.04, 0.96],P < 0.00001), and did not increase the adverse reaction rate(OR = 0.65, 95% CI [0.42, 1.01], P = 0.06), compared to the single medication control.Conclusion: The Lianhua Qingwen and Western medicine combination therapy is highly effective for COVID-19 patients and has good clinical safety. As only a small number of studies and patients were included in this review, more high-quality, multicenter, large-sample-size, randomized, double-blind,controlled trials are still needed for verification.
基金The Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars State Education Ministry(2002-2004)and Shaanxi Provincial Foreign Expert Bureau (2003).
文摘A review of the period of unregulated exploitation of forests in the state of West Virginia (U.S.) and in Shaanxi Province, PRC was presented. Economic and ecological recovery from exploitation has been different in the two regions due to basic differences in nature of the forest and in the degree and persistence of exploitive pressures. After a century since unregulated exploitation, West Virginia forests are well on the road to management for sustainability and conservation. Shaanxi's recovery from overuse and unregulated exploitation is less certain; forests are still in the early phases of ecological recovery there. Full recovery to a period of sustainability will take a century or longer. Suggestions are made for measures needed to enhance the forest recovery. Keywords Forests - Shaanxi - West Virginia - Central China - Forest exploitation - Recovery CLC number S754 Document code A Article ID 1007-662X(2004)01-0049-06 Foundation item: The project was sponsored by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry (2002–2004) and Shaanxi Provincial Foreign Expert Bureau (2003).Biography: Jack E. Coster (1935-), male, professor of West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia. U.S.A.Responsible editor: Song Funan
