In the past decade,numerous urban planners and architects have sought to construct public spaces from scratch by applying a suite of urban design theories,strategies,and established disciplinary frameworks.However,the...In the past decade,numerous urban planners and architects have sought to construct public spaces from scratch by applying a suite of urban design theories,strategies,and established disciplinary frameworks.However,these principles are rooted in professional designers'perceptions of"quality spaces",resulting in insufficient attention to local residents'actual needs and their understandings of what constitutes a"vibrant place".Christopher Alexander argues that"we are better off growing good places and spaces,rather than trying to build them from a blueprint".This implies that high-quality public spaces must align with local contexts-including local vegetation,the natural environment,and residents'preferences.Therefore,the objective of this research is to explore the key elements that contribute to creating vibrant public spaces in Sheffield.By summarising and synthesising these elements,the study further aims to propose evidence-based recommendations for the development of local public spaces.The thesis is structured into three chapters:Chapter One discusses the necessity of public spaces and defines the concept of"vibrancy";Chapter Two outlines the research model and methodology adopted to address the core research question;Chapter Three identifies key factors contributing to vibrant public spaces in Sheffield through the analysis of four representative sites.展开更多
Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia characterized pathologically by the deposition of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau containing neurofibrillary tangles.The disease presents clinica...Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia characterized pathologically by the deposition of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau containing neurofibrillary tangles.The disease presents clinically with progressive memory loss and disruption of cognitive function.Currently,there is no cure for AD;recent advances in the therapeutics aimed at clearing the amyloid protein from the brain have led to potential disease stabilization,however,this does not prevent eventual disease progression(Cummings et al.,2024).展开更多
Perovskites exhibit excellent protonic conductivity in the mid-temperature range,and among them,yttria-doped barium zirconate(BZY)is considered one of the most promising perovskite proton conductors.Molecular simulati...Perovskites exhibit excellent protonic conductivity in the mid-temperature range,and among them,yttria-doped barium zirconate(BZY)is considered one of the most promising perovskite proton conductors.Molecular simulations provide an efficient approach to investigating the thermal transport behavior of nanocrystalline materials.The effect of doping concentration on the thermal transport properties of BZY structures was investigated using the equilibrium molecular dynamics(EMD)method combined with phonon spectral energy density(SED)analysis.The results show that the thermal transport properties gradually decrease with increasing doping concentration,and for structures with dopants only and without oxygen vacancies,the thermal conductivity exhibits a similar decreasing trend but remains higher than that of structures containing both dopants and oxygen vacancies.Comparison of phonon lifetime and group velocity reveals that oxygen vacancy defects enhance phonon scattering,thereby leading to a reduction in thermal transport properties,while doping reduces the thermal transport properties by weakening lattice harmonicity.The effect of different hydration levels on the thermal transport properties of BZY was also investigated,and the results indicate that the thermal conductivity fluctuates in structures with low hydration levels and continues to decrease as the proton defect concentration increases with hydration.Further analysis of phonon lifetime and group velocity demonstrates that proton defects reduce the thermal transport properties through both enhanced phonon diffusion and weakened harmonicity.展开更多
Digital twin technology,that creates virtual replicas of physical entities using real-time data and simulation models,has emerged as a transformative innovation across multiple healthcare domains.Its application in ph...Digital twin technology,that creates virtual replicas of physical entities using real-time data and simulation models,has emerged as a transformative innovation across multiple healthcare domains.Its application in physiotherapy and rehabilitation represents a paradigm shift from traditional therapeutic approaches to personalized data-driven interventions that optimize patient outcomes.This narrative review examines the current applications,benefits,challenges,and future prospects of digital twin technology in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,providing a comprehensive analysis of the manner in which this technology is reshaping clinical practice and patient care.A narrative review approach was employed,systematically searching PubMed,IEEE Xplore,Scopus,and Web of Science databases.Studies describing digital twin applications,development methodologies,clinical implementations,and theoretical frameworks in physiotherapy and rehabilitation contexts were included.Digital twin technology demonstrates significant potential in personalizing rehabilitation programs,enabling real-time monitoring of patient progress,predicting treatment outcomes,and facilitating remote therapeutic interventions.Current applications span musculoskeletal rehabilitation,neurological recovery,post surgical care,and sports injury management.Key benefits include enhanced treatment precision,improved patient engagement,reduced healthcare costs,and accelerated recovery times.However,implementation faces challenges including technological complexity,data privacy concerns,interoperability issues,and the need for substantial infrastructure investment.Digital twin technology represents a promising frontier in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized,efficient,and effective patient care.Successful integration requires addressing the current limitations while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between clinicians,engineers,and data scientists.展开更多
在经典近场动力学基础上利用变形等价关系重新推导了非局部力密度,结合非局部微分算子理论降低边界处的计算误差,基于此构建了应力-应变求解模型,解决了传统理论在应力分析方面的局限性,同时引入应变能密度(strain energy density)刚度...在经典近场动力学基础上利用变形等价关系重新推导了非局部力密度,结合非局部微分算子理论降低边界处的计算误差,基于此构建了应力-应变求解模型,解决了传统理论在应力分析方面的局限性,同时引入应变能密度(strain energy density)刚度折减理论,建立裂纹处介质的力学参数与残余应变能之间的关联。本方法被用于模拟软弱层岩体裂隙间的应力分布情况,并通过与先前研究结果的对比验证了其有效性和适用性。此外,研究了完整层状岩体中软弱层条形间隔破裂的演化过程。结果表明,软弱层岩体裂缝间距与厚度比值对力学状态影响显著,随着比值不断增加,裂纹之间的应力值整体由压应力转变为拉应力。软弱层的等间距破裂现象包括微裂隙的扩展、间隔裂纹的形成以及裂隙逐渐饱和等过程。外荷载作用下引发软弱层与基层之间的损伤以及岩层整体破裂。本方法能够有效描述层状岩体的间隔破裂过程,显示出良好的应用前景。展开更多
文摘In the past decade,numerous urban planners and architects have sought to construct public spaces from scratch by applying a suite of urban design theories,strategies,and established disciplinary frameworks.However,these principles are rooted in professional designers'perceptions of"quality spaces",resulting in insufficient attention to local residents'actual needs and their understandings of what constitutes a"vibrant place".Christopher Alexander argues that"we are better off growing good places and spaces,rather than trying to build them from a blueprint".This implies that high-quality public spaces must align with local contexts-including local vegetation,the natural environment,and residents'preferences.Therefore,the objective of this research is to explore the key elements that contribute to creating vibrant public spaces in Sheffield.By summarising and synthesising these elements,the study further aims to propose evidence-based recommendations for the development of local public spaces.The thesis is structured into three chapters:Chapter One discusses the necessity of public spaces and defines the concept of"vibrancy";Chapter Two outlines the research model and methodology adopted to address the core research question;Chapter Three identifies key factors contributing to vibrant public spaces in Sheffield through the analysis of four representative sites.
基金funded by Wellcome 4ward North(Ref:216340/Z/19/Z)ARUK Yorkshire Network Centre Small Grant Scheme,ARUK Preparatory Clinical Fellowship scheme(Ref:ARUK-PCRF2016A-1)+3 种基金Academy of Medical Sciences Starter Grants for Clinical Lecturers Scheme(Ref:SGL028\1097),Parkinson’s UK(Ref:F1301)Michael J Fox Foundation(Ref:005021),Australian Research Council(CE200100012)European Union Seventh Framework Programme(Ref:FP7/2007-2013)under grant agreement no.601055the NIHR Sheffield Biomedical Research Centre award(NIHR 203321)(to SMB).
文摘Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the most common form of dementia characterized pathologically by the deposition of amyloid plaques and hyperphosphorylated tau containing neurofibrillary tangles.The disease presents clinically with progressive memory loss and disruption of cognitive function.Currently,there is no cure for AD;recent advances in the therapeutics aimed at clearing the amyloid protein from the brain have led to potential disease stabilization,however,this does not prevent eventual disease progression(Cummings et al.,2024).
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12172112)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Joint Fund for Corporate Innovation and Development-Key Program)(Grant No.U22B2082)。
文摘Perovskites exhibit excellent protonic conductivity in the mid-temperature range,and among them,yttria-doped barium zirconate(BZY)is considered one of the most promising perovskite proton conductors.Molecular simulations provide an efficient approach to investigating the thermal transport behavior of nanocrystalline materials.The effect of doping concentration on the thermal transport properties of BZY structures was investigated using the equilibrium molecular dynamics(EMD)method combined with phonon spectral energy density(SED)analysis.The results show that the thermal transport properties gradually decrease with increasing doping concentration,and for structures with dopants only and without oxygen vacancies,the thermal conductivity exhibits a similar decreasing trend but remains higher than that of structures containing both dopants and oxygen vacancies.Comparison of phonon lifetime and group velocity reveals that oxygen vacancy defects enhance phonon scattering,thereby leading to a reduction in thermal transport properties,while doping reduces the thermal transport properties by weakening lattice harmonicity.The effect of different hydration levels on the thermal transport properties of BZY was also investigated,and the results indicate that the thermal conductivity fluctuates in structures with low hydration levels and continues to decrease as the proton defect concentration increases with hydration.Further analysis of phonon lifetime and group velocity demonstrates that proton defects reduce the thermal transport properties through both enhanced phonon diffusion and weakened harmonicity.
文摘Digital twin technology,that creates virtual replicas of physical entities using real-time data and simulation models,has emerged as a transformative innovation across multiple healthcare domains.Its application in physiotherapy and rehabilitation represents a paradigm shift from traditional therapeutic approaches to personalized data-driven interventions that optimize patient outcomes.This narrative review examines the current applications,benefits,challenges,and future prospects of digital twin technology in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,providing a comprehensive analysis of the manner in which this technology is reshaping clinical practice and patient care.A narrative review approach was employed,systematically searching PubMed,IEEE Xplore,Scopus,and Web of Science databases.Studies describing digital twin applications,development methodologies,clinical implementations,and theoretical frameworks in physiotherapy and rehabilitation contexts were included.Digital twin technology demonstrates significant potential in personalizing rehabilitation programs,enabling real-time monitoring of patient progress,predicting treatment outcomes,and facilitating remote therapeutic interventions.Current applications span musculoskeletal rehabilitation,neurological recovery,post surgical care,and sports injury management.Key benefits include enhanced treatment precision,improved patient engagement,reduced healthcare costs,and accelerated recovery times.However,implementation faces challenges including technological complexity,data privacy concerns,interoperability issues,and the need for substantial infrastructure investment.Digital twin technology represents a promising frontier in physiotherapy and rehabilitation,offering unprecedented opportunities for personalized,efficient,and effective patient care.Successful integration requires addressing the current limitations while fostering interdisciplinary collaboration between clinicians,engineers,and data scientists.
文摘在经典近场动力学基础上利用变形等价关系重新推导了非局部力密度,结合非局部微分算子理论降低边界处的计算误差,基于此构建了应力-应变求解模型,解决了传统理论在应力分析方面的局限性,同时引入应变能密度(strain energy density)刚度折减理论,建立裂纹处介质的力学参数与残余应变能之间的关联。本方法被用于模拟软弱层岩体裂隙间的应力分布情况,并通过与先前研究结果的对比验证了其有效性和适用性。此外,研究了完整层状岩体中软弱层条形间隔破裂的演化过程。结果表明,软弱层岩体裂缝间距与厚度比值对力学状态影响显著,随着比值不断增加,裂纹之间的应力值整体由压应力转变为拉应力。软弱层的等间距破裂现象包括微裂隙的扩展、间隔裂纹的形成以及裂隙逐渐饱和等过程。外荷载作用下引发软弱层与基层之间的损伤以及岩层整体破裂。本方法能够有效描述层状岩体的间隔破裂过程,显示出良好的应用前景。
