During the“Axial Age,”Chinese civilization experienced a distinctive human rights awareness characterized by its endogeneity,autonomy,and originality.This awareness,based primarily on humanism,populism,and naturalis...During the“Axial Age,”Chinese civilization experienced a distinctive human rights awareness characterized by its endogeneity,autonomy,and originality.This awareness,based primarily on humanism,populism,and naturalism,emphasized respect for human beings,highlighting the importance of caring for,respecting,and protecting people,and focusing on“benefiting the people,”“nurturing the people,”“enriching the people,”and“prospering the people.”It reflected an awareness of human rights such as the rights to life,personality,subsistence,development,and environment.This human rights awareness,oriented towards values such as“achieving benevolence,”“valuing goodness,”“revering righteousness,”“cherishing harmony,”and“seeking the public good,”established a cognitive logic that unifies human nature,virtue,and rationality.It featured a human rights spirit that is not dominated by divine authority,based on moral and ethical philosophy,and oriented towards“positive”rights.This awareness delved into the value of being human and the meaning of human existence,demonstrating creativity and innovation,and marking a significant breakthrough in the history of human rights civilization.The ideological wisdom,spiritual strength,and practical pathways contained in this human rights awareness not only laid the foundation for the human rights thought of classical Chinese civilization but are also indispensable for contemporary China’s commitment to the“two combinations”.It holds important practical significance for advancing Chinese modernization and creating a modern human rights civilization for the Chinese nation.展开更多
The current international dissemination of China’s human rights discourse predominantly adopts a“sender-oriented”model,emphasizing the output of human rights discourse by transmitters while overlooking strategy adj...The current international dissemination of China’s human rights discourse predominantly adopts a“sender-oriented”model,emphasizing the output of human rights discourse by transmitters while overlooking strategy adjustments based on audience feedback.To some extent,the current approach has resulted in characteristics such as strong practical implementation but weak discourse,limited theoretical foundation,and insufficient recognition in China’s international human rights communication.Consequently,while China has achieved remarkable progress in its human rights endeavors,human rights issues remain a critical area of stigmatization by some Western countries.An“effect-oriented”mechanism for the international dissemination of China’s human rights discourse,therefore,aims to address this challenge by re-centering the audience as active participants in the communication process.By emphasizing the dual nature of human rights’international communication,this approach leverages the reflexive monitoring of initial transmitters throughout the dissemination process to finally construct a dynamic human rights discourse framework responsive to different time and space contexts.This mechanism directly confronts the diverse backgrounds of global audiences and the resulting varied interpretations of China’s human rights discourse.It advocates for dynamic evaluation of global dissemination outcomes based on audience feedback and the timely adaptation of communication strategies according to context.By doing so,it seeks to effectively advance China’s human rights communication efforts and enhance dissemination efficiency on the global scale.展开更多
Stem cells play a crucial role in maintaining tissue regenerative capacity and homeostasis.However,mechanisms associated with stem cell senescence require further investigation.In this study,we conducted a proteomic a...Stem cells play a crucial role in maintaining tissue regenerative capacity and homeostasis.However,mechanisms associated with stem cell senescence require further investigation.In this study,we conducted a proteomic analysis of human dental pulp stem cells(HDPSCs)obtained from individuals of various ages.Our findings showed that the expression of NUP62 was decreased in aged HDPSCs.We discovered that NUP62 alleviated senescence-associated phenotypes and enhanced differentiation potential both in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,the knocking down of NUP62 expression aggravated the senescence-associated phenotypes and impaired the proliferation and migration capacity of HDPSCs.Through RNA-sequence and decoding the epigenomic landscapes remodeled induced by NUP62 overexpression,we found that NUP62 helps alleviate senescence in HDPSCs by enhancing the nuclear transport of the transcription factor E2F1.This,in turn,stimulates the transcription of the epigenetic enzyme NSD2.Finally,the overexpression of NUP62 influences the H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 modifications of anti-aging genes(HMGA1,HMGA2,and SIRT6).Our results demonstrated that NUP62 regulates the fate of HDPSCs via NSD2-dependent epigenetic reprogramming.展开更多
Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is an excellent tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of metabolites(metabolomics).NMR quantification of human lipoprotein subfractions and their component...Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is an excellent tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of metabolites(metabolomics).NMR quantification of human lipoprotein subfractions and their components has proven to be a powerful approach to reveal pathophysiological insights in numerous diseases[1,2].This method has now been standardized with excellent inter-laboratory reproducibility within 10 days for simultaneous quantification of 105 lipoprotein components and 24 low-molecular weight(LMW)metabolites[3];close clustering was also shown for 12 quality-control(QC)samples measured in 3 months although without statistical details[2].However,these reports[[1],[2],[3]]did not cover many vital parameters for lipoprotein components(e.g.,cholesterol-esters and total-lipids),fatty acids,and N-acetyl-glycoproteins(NAGs).展开更多
Somatic variants in the cancer genome influence gene expression through diverse mechanisms depending on their specific locations.However,a systematic evaluation of the effects of somatic variants located in 3'untr...Somatic variants in the cancer genome influence gene expression through diverse mechanisms depending on their specific locations.However,a systematic evaluation of the effects of somatic variants located in 3'untranslated regions(3'UTRs)on alternative polyadenylation(APA)of m RNA remains lacking.In this study,we analyze 10,199 tumor samples across 32 cancer types and identify 1333 somatic single nucleotide variants(SNVs)associated with abnormal 3'UTR APA.Mechanistically,these 3'UTR SNVs can alter cisregulatory elements,such as the poly(A)signal and UGUA motif,leading to changes in APA.Minigene assays confirm that 3'UTR SNVs in multiple genes,including RPS23 and CHTOP,induce aberrant APA.Among affected genes,62 exhibit differential stability between tandem 3'UTR isoforms,including HSPA4and UCK2,validated by experimental assays.Finally,we establish that SNV-related abnormal APA usage serves as an additional layer of expression regulation for tumor-suppressor gene HMGN2 in breast cancer.Collectively,this study reveals 3'UTR APA as a critical mechanism mediating the functional impact of somatic noncoding variants in human cancers.展开更多
Facial morphology,a complex trait influenced by genetics,holds great significance in evolutionary research.However,due to limited fossil evidence,the facial characteristics of Neanderthals and Denisovans have remained...Facial morphology,a complex trait influenced by genetics,holds great significance in evolutionary research.However,due to limited fossil evidence,the facial characteristics of Neanderthals and Denisovans have remained largely unknown.In this study,we conduct a large-scale multi-ethnic meta-analysis of the genome-wide association study(GWAS),including 9674 East Asians and 10,115 Europeans,quantitatively assessing 78 facial traits using 3D facial images.We identify 71 genomic loci associated with facial features,including 21 novel loci.We develop a facial polygenic score(FPS)that enables the prediction of facial features based on genetic information.Interestingly,the distribution of FPSs among populations from diverse continental groups exhibits relevant correlations with observed facial features.Furthermore,we apply the FPS to predict the facial traits of seven Neanderthals and one Denisovan using ancient DNA and align predictions with the fossil records.Our results suggest that Neanderthals and Denisovans likely share similar facial features,such as a wider but shorter nose and a wider endocanthion distance.The decreased mouth width is characterized specifically in Denisovans.The integration of genomic data and facial trait analysis provides valuable insights into the evolutionary history and adaptive changes in human facial morphology.展开更多
Purpose:Ankle proprioception deficits have been widely reported in patients with chronic ankle instability(CAI),but their central neuropathological mechanisms have not been fully discussed.So,we aimed to figure out wh...Purpose:Ankle proprioception deficits have been widely reported in patients with chronic ankle instability(CAI),but their central neuropathological mechanisms have not been fully discussed.So,we aimed to figure out whether the structural and functional features of the cerebellar vermis differed between patients with CAI and healthy controls,and are associated with proprioception deficits in patients.Methods:Twenty-two patients and 25 control individuals were enrolled in a cross-sectional investigation.All participants underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning to calculate voxel-based morphometry(VBM)and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)of the vermis.Between-group comparisons of the ankle instability-related subregions of the vermis were performed.Correlation analyses were performed between the outcomes of the surviving subregions and the proprioceptive scores of the ankle inversion discrimination apparatus for landing test.Results:The subregion of vermis Ⅳ/Ⅴ survived the multiple comparison correction to reveal a lower VBM value in patients than in healthy controls(Cohen's d=-0.968).The patients also showed significantly higher fALFF(Cohen's d=0.666)in this subregion.After controlling the demographic features,the proprioceptive scores were significantly correlated with VBM(r=0.622)and fALFF values(r=-0.512)in the group of patients.Conclusions:Patients with CAI have lower gray matter volume and higher activity intensity in the cerebellar vermis than healthy control.The more severe proprioception deficits were significantly associated with the vermal volume and activity,which might be able to facilitate future diagnoses and treatments for CAI.展开更多
The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence...The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence is still lacking.To validate this framework,here we employ a programmable robotic platform,where a single light-controlled wheeled robot travels in an activity landscape.Our experiments quantitatively demonstrate that the intrinsic pressure difference across the activity interface is balanced by the emerged polarization force.This result unambiguously confirms the theoretical predictions,thus validating the intrinsic pressure framework and laying the experimental foundation for the intrinsic pressure-based mechanical description of dry active matter.展开更多
Psychiatric disorders have emerged as significant contributors to the global burden of disease in recent decades.The endocannabinoid system(ECS)influences a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes,incl...Psychiatric disorders have emerged as significant contributors to the global burden of disease in recent decades.The endocannabinoid system(ECS)influences a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes,including nociception,cognition,appetite,memory,and behavior,serving as a crucial mediator in psychiatric disorders.Imaging the ECS provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders and enhances clinical management strategies.As an advanced noninvasive molecular imaging modality,positron emission tomography(PET)enables the in vivo exploration of biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels.Recent advancements have led to the development of numerous PET tracers that target various components of the ECS,offering opportunities to visualize,characterize,and quantify ECS activity in psychiatric disorders in vivo.In this review,we summarize the existing PET tracers for ECS imaging and discuss their applications in diverse psychiatric conditions,including cannabis use disorder,alcohol use disorder,post-traumatic stress disorder,schizophrenia,and eating disorders.展开更多
The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is the core normative manifestation of the constitu-tionalization of human rights,and points to the relationship between international law and the ...The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is the core normative manifestation of the constitu-tionalization of human rights,and points to the relationship between international law and the Constitution in the sense of positive law.The inclusion of the human rights clauses in the Chinese Constitution itself is an inherent part of the development of China’s socialist constitution,and socialism has already contributed valuable concepts and practices of human rights protection to the modern world in its early stage.The constitutionalization of human rights protection does not necessarily lead to the superiority of international law over the constitutional order of a country,but rather to the convergence of international law and domestic law through the constitutional order.The relevant rules of international law will be effective only when they are transformed into domestic law through the Constitution and the human rights clause in the Constitution.Correspondingly,the domestic legal order is brought into line with the international legal order through the Con-stitution and its human rights clause.Behind the system of fundamen-tal rights in the constitutional order is the value foundation of the en-tire legal system.The advancement of foreign-related rule of law has brought new opportunities for China’s judicial practice to further pro-mote the protection of human rights.In the future,we should further integrate the human rights values embedded in socialism into China’s constitutional practice,enhance human rights protection around the country,and take a more active part in global human rights gover-nance.展开更多
China’s law-based modernization profoundly reflects the glorious history of the Communist Party of China’s continuous exploration of the development path of the rule of law.It has profoundly changed China,and is gre...China’s law-based modernization profoundly reflects the glorious history of the Communist Party of China’s continuous exploration of the development path of the rule of law.It has profoundly changed China,and is greatly affecting the course of world history.Xi Jinping,General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee says that“The fundamental purpose of promoting the comprehen-sive rule of law is to safeguard the people’s rights and interests in accordance with the law.”展开更多
Traditional human rights theory tends to hold that human rights should be aimed at defending public authority and that the legal issue of human rights is a matter of public law.However,the development of human rights ...Traditional human rights theory tends to hold that human rights should be aimed at defending public authority and that the legal issue of human rights is a matter of public law.However,the development of human rights concepts and practices is not just confined to this.A textual search shows that the term“human rights”exists widely in China’s civil judicial documents.Among the 3,412 civil judicial documents we researched,the concept of“human rights”penetrates all kinds of disputes in lawsuits,ranging from property rights,contracts,labor,and torts to marital property,which is embedded in both the claims of the parties concerned and the reasoning of judges.Human rights have become the discourse and yardstick for understanding and evaluating social behavior.The widespread use of the term“human rights”in civil judicial documents reflects at least three concepts related to human rights:first,the rights to subsistence and development are the primary basic human rights;second,the judicial protection of human rights is a bottom-line guarantee;third,the protection of human rights aims to achieve equal rights.Today,judges quote the theory of human rights in judicial judgments from time to time,evidencing that human rights have a practical function in judicial adjudication activities,and in practice this is mainly manifested in declaring righteous values and strengthening arguments with the values and ideas related to human rights,using the provisions concerning human rights in the Constitution to interpret the constitutionality,and using the principles of human rights to interpret blurred rules and rank the importance of different rights.展开更多
Human beings are the mainstay and the ultimate goal of civilization.The history of human civilization is a continuous struggle to realize the respect,liberation,protection,and development of humanity.Human rights are ...Human beings are the mainstay and the ultimate goal of civilization.The history of human civilization is a continuous struggle to realize the respect,liberation,protection,and development of humanity.Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress,and the human rights civilization is an important component of human civilization.Understanding and interpreting human rights from the perspective of human rights civilization means that human rights are not only a concept or an idea but also a grand historical and long-term social practice.Up to now,the development of human rights civilization has roughly experienced four awakening eras:initialization,revolution,popularization,and globalization.In terms of its value dimensions,it has the characteristics of progressiveness,diversity,commonality,inclusiveness,indivisibility,openness,and so on.The historical position of human rights civilization and the development of its value dimensions have shown to the world that human rights are the common wealth of humanity,and human rights belong to all mankind;human rights are historical,concrete,and developmental;the concept of human rights is constantly evolving,and its connotations and categories are constantly expanding;achieving the free and well-rounded development of every person is the highest value realm of human rights civilization.The Chinese modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength and opens up new horizons for human rights civilization.The new pattern of human rights civilization to be created by Chinese modernization not only possesses the common characteristics of human rights civilization but also enjoys Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions,enriching and developing the diversity of human rights civilization for all mankind.展开更多
“China’s Human Rights Science”is undoubtedly a brand-new concept.Just as China has its own philosophy,literature,history,law,political science,and sociology,it should also have its own human rights science.China’s...“China’s Human Rights Science”is undoubtedly a brand-new concept.Just as China has its own philosophy,literature,history,law,political science,and sociology,it should also have its own human rights science.China’s Human Rights Science refers to the cognitive science of human rights in China.Developing its disciplinary system,academic system,and discourse system,and constructing an independent Chinese human rights knowledge system,are essential requirements for promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernization and creating a new form of human civilization.China’s Human Rights Science originated in China,grew in China,and deepened through China’s human rights practices.China’s Human Rights Science adhere to the universality of human rights principles and possess distinctive characteristics.It works as the knowledge-based organization,academic refinement,and theoretical expression of the path of human rights development that conforms to the trend of the times and suits China’s national conditions,as pursued by the Communist Party of China in leading the people.China’s Human Rights Science can enrich and develop the theory of human rights civilization,and should become a global public product of human rights.展开更多
Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress.Respect for and protection of human rights are basic principles of modern civilization.Around the world,countries and regions have chosen different ...Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress.Respect for and protection of human rights are basic principles of modern civilization.Around the world,countries and regions have chosen different paths to modernization,which are rooted in their unique civilizations.to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,facilitate human rights exchanges and cooperation between different countries,and advance the global development of human rights,on September 20,2023,the 2023 China-europe Seminar on Human Rights was held in Rome,the capital of Italy.Under the theme of“Modernization and the Diversity of Human Rights Among Civilizations,”the seminar focused on discussing topics such as exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and the development of modern human rights philosophy,modernization and the free and well-rounded development of every person,sustainable development in the process of modernization,and the evolution of the civilization of human rights in the digital age.participants reached the following consensuses at the event:First,the participants from various countries spoke highly of the great achievements that China has made in human rights cause and fully recognized China’s contributions in promoting the development and progress of the global human rights cause;Second,the participants from all countries agreed that it is necessary to discard the concept of“Western-centrism,”transcend the mindset of“cultural superiority,”promote human rights exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations on the basis of equality and mutual respect,and inject new impetus into the diversity of human rights among civilizations;third,participants reaffirmed that human rights represent an open concept,and that we should discuss the development of human rights with an open mind and jointly promote the progress of human rights in the world.展开更多
Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is a severe female reproductive disorder that affects 1%of women in general populations(European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology[ESHRE]Guideline Group on POI et al.,20...Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is a severe female reproductive disorder that affects 1%of women in general populations(European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology[ESHRE]Guideline Group on POI et al.,2016).An increasing prevalence up to 3.7%has been reported in a recent meta-analysis(Golezar et al.,2019).POl can lead to infertility or subfertility,as well as a range of complex complications suffering multi-organ systems,seriously threatening women's health and reducing the life quality.By contrast,POl is a representative heterogeneous disease with multiple etiologies.While more than 70 causative POI genes have been identified,the etiology of more than half of the POI patients is still ambiguous(Jiao et al.,2018).Unreported POI causative genes,therefore,remain to be identified.展开更多
The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest ever infectious disease facing mankind.It challenges national governance capabilities and international patterns.On June 8,2021,the“2021 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights”was ...The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest ever infectious disease facing mankind.It challenges national governance capabilities and international patterns.On June 8,2021,the“2021 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights”was held in Chongqing,China.Its theme was“COVID-19 Pandemic and the Protection of the Right to Life and Health,”which focused on five topics:the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the protection of the rights to life and health,the response of countries against the pandemic,the protection of the right to life and health of specific groups during the pandemic response,the national responsibility for the protection of the right to life and health in the public health crisis,and global cooperation in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic.The conference reached two consensuses:First,in the face of the pandemic,countries must take responsibility for the people and protect the people’s right to life and health;second,an effective international mechanism for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic must be established as soon as possible.展开更多
The protection of human rights through international cooperation has a long history.Core human rights conventions,regional human rights treaties and other human rights instruments have continuously developed the meani...The protection of human rights through international cooperation has a long history.Core human rights conventions,regional human rights treaties and other human rights instruments have continuously developed the meaning and scope of international human rights cooperation.The modern risk-laden society with a high degree of complexity and uncertainty has changed the world pattern,which calls for the building of a community with a shared future for human beings with cooperation as the starting point.Under the constant threat of the novel coronavirus,we must continue to deepen the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings,adhere to a“human rights-oriented”approach,and pay particular attention to the current supply and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine as an important global public good.Only through solidarity and cooperation can mankind finally win the battle against this pandemic and protect human rights.展开更多
On December 8, 2021, China’s State Council Information office(SCIo) and Ministry of Foreign Affairs co-hosted the “2021 South-South Human Rights Forum” in Beijing. The forum is themed on “putting people First and ...On December 8, 2021, China’s State Council Information office(SCIo) and Ministry of Foreign Affairs co-hosted the “2021 South-South Human Rights Forum” in Beijing. The forum is themed on “putting people First and Global Human Rights Governance”. Four sub-themes, namely, “Building a Global Community of Health for All and protecting Human Rights”, “Anti-poverty Ffforts and Realization of the Right to Development”, “Multilateralism and Global Human Rights Governance”, and “The Role of Developing Countries in Global Human Rights Governance”, were discussed by delegates from more than 100 countries and international organizations. Within the framework of the theme of the forum, the delegates fully discussed on how to better respect and protect human rights, advance equal cooperation, share development outcomes, seek common and sustainable development, maintain fairness and justice in the international community, and improve the basic experience of the protection of human rights, and so on. As an important platform for the exchanges and cooperation of developing countries in human rights, the South-South Human Rights Forum has effectively promoted mutual understanding, inclusiveness and mutual learning on human rights governance.展开更多
From December 10 to 11,2019,the State Council Information Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly held the 2019 South-South Human Rights Forum in Beijing.Participants from more than 80 countries,regions and...From December 10 to 11,2019,the State Council Information Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly held the 2019 South-South Human Rights Forum in Beijing.Participants from more than 80 countries,regions and international organizations discussed and exchanged views on such topics as"the practices and experiences of human rights protection in the countries of the Global South","path of human rights development against the background of the diversity of civilizations","building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and global human rights governance".Participants in the forum actively voiced their national human rights views,exchanged human rights development experiences,explored human rights development paths in developing countries,and reached broad consensus.In an international environment featuring the rise of unilateralism and hegemonism,the South-South Human Rights Forum issued a strong message of solidarity and cooperation among developing countries on human rights issues,and also conveyed to the world the firm determination of developing countries to jointly promote the healthy development of the world’s human rights cause.展开更多
基金the Major Project of the National Social Science Fund of China,entitled“Research on the Generative Context,Construction Logic,and Value Orientation of China’s Human Rights Knowledge System”(Project Approval Number 24&ZD129).
文摘During the“Axial Age,”Chinese civilization experienced a distinctive human rights awareness characterized by its endogeneity,autonomy,and originality.This awareness,based primarily on humanism,populism,and naturalism,emphasized respect for human beings,highlighting the importance of caring for,respecting,and protecting people,and focusing on“benefiting the people,”“nurturing the people,”“enriching the people,”and“prospering the people.”It reflected an awareness of human rights such as the rights to life,personality,subsistence,development,and environment.This human rights awareness,oriented towards values such as“achieving benevolence,”“valuing goodness,”“revering righteousness,”“cherishing harmony,”and“seeking the public good,”established a cognitive logic that unifies human nature,virtue,and rationality.It featured a human rights spirit that is not dominated by divine authority,based on moral and ethical philosophy,and oriented towards“positive”rights.This awareness delved into the value of being human and the meaning of human existence,demonstrating creativity and innovation,and marking a significant breakthrough in the history of human rights civilization.The ideological wisdom,spiritual strength,and practical pathways contained in this human rights awareness not only laid the foundation for the human rights thought of classical Chinese civilization but are also indispensable for contemporary China’s commitment to the“two combinations”.It holds important practical significance for advancing Chinese modernization and creating a modern human rights civilization for the Chinese nation.
基金This paper is a phased outcome of the“Research on the Strategy to Improve the Mechanism for the International Dissemination of China’s Human Rights Discourse”(22JJD820045),a key research project of the National Human Rights Education and Training Base under China’s Ministry of Education.
文摘The current international dissemination of China’s human rights discourse predominantly adopts a“sender-oriented”model,emphasizing the output of human rights discourse by transmitters while overlooking strategy adjustments based on audience feedback.To some extent,the current approach has resulted in characteristics such as strong practical implementation but weak discourse,limited theoretical foundation,and insufficient recognition in China’s international human rights communication.Consequently,while China has achieved remarkable progress in its human rights endeavors,human rights issues remain a critical area of stigmatization by some Western countries.An“effect-oriented”mechanism for the international dissemination of China’s human rights discourse,therefore,aims to address this challenge by re-centering the audience as active participants in the communication process.By emphasizing the dual nature of human rights’international communication,this approach leverages the reflexive monitoring of initial transmitters throughout the dissemination process to finally construct a dynamic human rights discourse framework responsive to different time and space contexts.This mechanism directly confronts the diverse backgrounds of global audiences and the resulting varied interpretations of China’s human rights discourse.It advocates for dynamic evaluation of global dissemination outcomes based on audience feedback and the timely adaptation of communication strategies according to context.By doing so,it seeks to effectively advance China’s human rights communication efforts and enhance dissemination efficiency on the global scale.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32171347)the Foundation of Leading Talents from Shanghai Health Commission(2022XD038)+1 种基金Training Program for Research Physicians in Innovation,the Funda-mental Research Funds for the Central Universities(YG2023QNA23)Transforma-tion from shanghai hospital development center(SHDC2022CRD002).
文摘Stem cells play a crucial role in maintaining tissue regenerative capacity and homeostasis.However,mechanisms associated with stem cell senescence require further investigation.In this study,we conducted a proteomic analysis of human dental pulp stem cells(HDPSCs)obtained from individuals of various ages.Our findings showed that the expression of NUP62 was decreased in aged HDPSCs.We discovered that NUP62 alleviated senescence-associated phenotypes and enhanced differentiation potential both in vitro and in vivo.Conversely,the knocking down of NUP62 expression aggravated the senescence-associated phenotypes and impaired the proliferation and migration capacity of HDPSCs.Through RNA-sequence and decoding the epigenomic landscapes remodeled induced by NUP62 overexpression,we found that NUP62 helps alleviate senescence in HDPSCs by enhancing the nuclear transport of the transcription factor E2F1.This,in turn,stimulates the transcription of the epigenetic enzyme NSD2.Finally,the overexpression of NUP62 influences the H3K36me2 and H3K36me3 modifications of anti-aging genes(HMGA1,HMGA2,and SIRT6).Our results demonstrated that NUP62 regulates the fate of HDPSCs via NSD2-dependent epigenetic reprogramming.
基金financial supports from the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.:2022YFC3400700 and 2022YFA0806400)the Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project,China(Grant No.:2017SHZDZX01)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.:31821002).
文摘Nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR)spectroscopy is an excellent tool for simultaneous identification and quantification of metabolites(metabolomics).NMR quantification of human lipoprotein subfractions and their components has proven to be a powerful approach to reveal pathophysiological insights in numerous diseases[1,2].This method has now been standardized with excellent inter-laboratory reproducibility within 10 days for simultaneous quantification of 105 lipoprotein components and 24 low-molecular weight(LMW)metabolites[3];close clustering was also shown for 12 quality-control(QC)samples measured in 3 months although without statistical details[2].However,these reports[[1],[2],[3]]did not cover many vital parameters for lipoprotein components(e.g.,cholesterol-esters and total-lipids),fatty acids,and N-acetyl-glycoproteins(NAGs).
基金financially supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2023YFC3603300,2021YFA0909300)National Natural Science Foundation of China(92249302,32370592,32400437)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(BX20230073 and 2023M740709)。
文摘Somatic variants in the cancer genome influence gene expression through diverse mechanisms depending on their specific locations.However,a systematic evaluation of the effects of somatic variants located in 3'untranslated regions(3'UTRs)on alternative polyadenylation(APA)of m RNA remains lacking.In this study,we analyze 10,199 tumor samples across 32 cancer types and identify 1333 somatic single nucleotide variants(SNVs)associated with abnormal 3'UTR APA.Mechanistically,these 3'UTR SNVs can alter cisregulatory elements,such as the poly(A)signal and UGUA motif,leading to changes in APA.Minigene assays confirm that 3'UTR SNVs in multiple genes,including RPS23 and CHTOP,induce aberrant APA.Among affected genes,62 exhibit differential stability between tandem 3'UTR isoforms,including HSPA4and UCK2,validated by experimental assays.Finally,we establish that SNV-related abnormal APA usage serves as an additional layer of expression regulation for tumor-suppressor gene HMGN2 in breast cancer.Collectively,this study reveals 3'UTR APA as a critical mechanism mediating the functional impact of somatic noncoding variants in human cancers.
基金funded by the following grants and contracts:Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB38020400 to S.W.)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32325013 to S.W.,32271186 to J.T.,31900408 to M.Z.)+5 种基金the CAS Project for Young Scientists in Basic Research(YSBR-077 to S.W.)Shanghai Science and Technology Commission Excellent Academic Leaders Program(22XD1424700 to S.W.)CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(2019-I2M-5-066 to L.J.and J.W.)Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Project(2017SHZDZX01 to L.J.and S.W.)the National Science and Technology Basic Research Project(2015FY111700 to L.J.)the 111 Project(B13016 to L.J.).
文摘Facial morphology,a complex trait influenced by genetics,holds great significance in evolutionary research.However,due to limited fossil evidence,the facial characteristics of Neanderthals and Denisovans have remained largely unknown.In this study,we conduct a large-scale multi-ethnic meta-analysis of the genome-wide association study(GWAS),including 9674 East Asians and 10,115 Europeans,quantitatively assessing 78 facial traits using 3D facial images.We identify 71 genomic loci associated with facial features,including 21 novel loci.We develop a facial polygenic score(FPS)that enables the prediction of facial features based on genetic information.Interestingly,the distribution of FPSs among populations from diverse continental groups exhibits relevant correlations with observed facial features.Furthermore,we apply the FPS to predict the facial traits of seven Neanderthals and one Denisovan using ancient DNA and align predictions with the fossil records.Our results suggest that Neanderthals and Denisovans likely share similar facial features,such as a wider but shorter nose and a wider endocanthion distance.The decreased mouth width is characterized specifically in Denisovans.The integration of genomic data and facial trait analysis provides valuable insights into the evolutionary history and adaptive changes in human facial morphology.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China[grant numbers 82372492,82072510]National Key R&D Program of China[grant numbers 2018YFC1312900]+1 种基金Shanghai Natural Science Foundation[grant numbers 20ZR1406400]Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality[grant numbers 22dz1204700].
文摘Purpose:Ankle proprioception deficits have been widely reported in patients with chronic ankle instability(CAI),but their central neuropathological mechanisms have not been fully discussed.So,we aimed to figure out whether the structural and functional features of the cerebellar vermis differed between patients with CAI and healthy controls,and are associated with proprioception deficits in patients.Methods:Twenty-two patients and 25 control individuals were enrolled in a cross-sectional investigation.All participants underwent structural and resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scanning to calculate voxel-based morphometry(VBM)and fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation(fALFF)of the vermis.Between-group comparisons of the ankle instability-related subregions of the vermis were performed.Correlation analyses were performed between the outcomes of the surviving subregions and the proprioceptive scores of the ankle inversion discrimination apparatus for landing test.Results:The subregion of vermis Ⅳ/Ⅴ survived the multiple comparison correction to reveal a lower VBM value in patients than in healthy controls(Cohen's d=-0.968).The patients also showed significantly higher fALFF(Cohen's d=0.666)in this subregion.After controlling the demographic features,the proprioceptive scores were significantly correlated with VBM(r=0.622)and fALFF values(r=-0.512)in the group of patients.Conclusions:Patients with CAI have lower gray matter volume and higher activity intensity in the cerebellar vermis than healthy control.The more severe proprioception deficits were significantly associated with the vermal volume and activity,which might be able to facilitate future diagnoses and treatments for CAI.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos.T2325027,12274448,T2350007,12404239,12174041,12325405,12090054,and T2221001)the National Key R&D Program of China (Grant No.2022YFF0503504)。
文摘The intrinsic pressure framework,which treats self-propelling force as an external force,provides a convenient and consistent description of mechanical equilibrium in active matter.However,direct experimental evidence is still lacking.To validate this framework,here we employ a programmable robotic platform,where a single light-controlled wheeled robot travels in an activity landscape.Our experiments quantitatively demonstrate that the intrinsic pressure difference across the activity interface is balanced by the emerged polarization force.This result unambiguously confirms the theoretical predictions,thus validating the intrinsic pressure framework and laying the experimental foundation for the intrinsic pressure-based mechanical description of dry active matter.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFE0118000,2021YFA1101700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82030049,32027802,82394433,82361148130,and 82302262)+2 种基金the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LMS25H180002)the Postdoctoral Fellowship Program of CPSF(GZC20251313)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China(226-2024-00059).
文摘Psychiatric disorders have emerged as significant contributors to the global burden of disease in recent decades.The endocannabinoid system(ECS)influences a range of physiological and pathophysiological processes,including nociception,cognition,appetite,memory,and behavior,serving as a crucial mediator in psychiatric disorders.Imaging the ECS provides valuable insights into the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying psychiatric disorders and enhances clinical management strategies.As an advanced noninvasive molecular imaging modality,positron emission tomography(PET)enables the in vivo exploration of biological processes at the cellular and molecular levels.Recent advancements have led to the development of numerous PET tracers that target various components of the ECS,offering opportunities to visualize,characterize,and quantify ECS activity in psychiatric disorders in vivo.In this review,we summarize the existing PET tracers for ECS imaging and discuss their applications in diverse psychiatric conditions,including cannabis use disorder,alcohol use disorder,post-traumatic stress disorder,schizophrenia,and eating disorders.
文摘The inclusion of the human rights clause in the Chi-nese Constitution is the core normative manifestation of the constitu-tionalization of human rights,and points to the relationship between international law and the Constitution in the sense of positive law.The inclusion of the human rights clauses in the Chinese Constitution itself is an inherent part of the development of China’s socialist constitution,and socialism has already contributed valuable concepts and practices of human rights protection to the modern world in its early stage.The constitutionalization of human rights protection does not necessarily lead to the superiority of international law over the constitutional order of a country,but rather to the convergence of international law and domestic law through the constitutional order.The relevant rules of international law will be effective only when they are transformed into domestic law through the Constitution and the human rights clause in the Constitution.Correspondingly,the domestic legal order is brought into line with the international legal order through the Con-stitution and its human rights clause.Behind the system of fundamen-tal rights in the constitutional order is the value foundation of the en-tire legal system.The advancement of foreign-related rule of law has brought new opportunities for China’s judicial practice to further pro-mote the protection of human rights.In the future,we should further integrate the human rights values embedded in socialism into China’s constitutional practice,enhance human rights protection around the country,and take a more active part in global human rights gover-nance.
文摘China’s law-based modernization profoundly reflects the glorious history of the Communist Party of China’s continuous exploration of the development path of the rule of law.It has profoundly changed China,and is greatly affecting the course of world history.Xi Jinping,General Secretary of the Communist Party of China(CPC)Central Committee says that“The fundamental purpose of promoting the comprehen-sive rule of law is to safeguard the people’s rights and interests in accordance with the law.”
文摘Traditional human rights theory tends to hold that human rights should be aimed at defending public authority and that the legal issue of human rights is a matter of public law.However,the development of human rights concepts and practices is not just confined to this.A textual search shows that the term“human rights”exists widely in China’s civil judicial documents.Among the 3,412 civil judicial documents we researched,the concept of“human rights”penetrates all kinds of disputes in lawsuits,ranging from property rights,contracts,labor,and torts to marital property,which is embedded in both the claims of the parties concerned and the reasoning of judges.Human rights have become the discourse and yardstick for understanding and evaluating social behavior.The widespread use of the term“human rights”in civil judicial documents reflects at least three concepts related to human rights:first,the rights to subsistence and development are the primary basic human rights;second,the judicial protection of human rights is a bottom-line guarantee;third,the protection of human rights aims to achieve equal rights.Today,judges quote the theory of human rights in judicial judgments from time to time,evidencing that human rights have a practical function in judicial adjudication activities,and in practice this is mainly manifested in declaring righteous values and strengthening arguments with the values and ideas related to human rights,using the provisions concerning human rights in the Constitution to interpret the constitutionality,and using the principles of human rights to interpret blurred rules and rank the importance of different rights.
基金part of“Research on Contemporary Chinese Outlook on Human Rights,”a major project of the Marxist theoretical research and development project(Project Approval Number 2O23MZDO25)“Research on the New Form of Chinese Human Rights Civilization,”a key project of The National Social Science Fund of China(Project Approval Number 21AZDO095)the Jilin University Philosophy and Social Science Research Innovation Team’s“Theoretical Interpretation and Discourse Shaping of the Chinese Human Rights Road”(Project Approval Number 2022CXTD05)。
文摘Human beings are the mainstay and the ultimate goal of civilization.The history of human civilization is a continuous struggle to realize the respect,liberation,protection,and development of humanity.Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress,and the human rights civilization is an important component of human civilization.Understanding and interpreting human rights from the perspective of human rights civilization means that human rights are not only a concept or an idea but also a grand historical and long-term social practice.Up to now,the development of human rights civilization has roughly experienced four awakening eras:initialization,revolution,popularization,and globalization.In terms of its value dimensions,it has the characteristics of progressiveness,diversity,commonality,inclusiveness,indivisibility,openness,and so on.The historical position of human rights civilization and the development of its value dimensions have shown to the world that human rights are the common wealth of humanity,and human rights belong to all mankind;human rights are historical,concrete,and developmental;the concept of human rights is constantly evolving,and its connotations and categories are constantly expanding;achieving the free and well-rounded development of every person is the highest value realm of human rights civilization.The Chinese modernization endows Chinese civilization with modern strength and opens up new horizons for human rights civilization.The new pattern of human rights civilization to be created by Chinese modernization not only possesses the common characteristics of human rights civilization but also enjoys Chinese characteristics based on its own national conditions,enriching and developing the diversity of human rights civilization for all mankind.
基金a phased result of“Research on the New Form of Chinese Human Rights Civilization,”a key project of the National Social Science Foundation of China(project approval No.21AZD095)“Theoretical Interpretation and Discourse Shaping of the Road of Chinese Rights,”a project of the Philosophy and Social Science Research Innovation Team of Jilin University(project approval No.2022CXTD05)。
文摘“China’s Human Rights Science”is undoubtedly a brand-new concept.Just as China has its own philosophy,literature,history,law,political science,and sociology,it should also have its own human rights science.China’s Human Rights Science refers to the cognitive science of human rights in China.Developing its disciplinary system,academic system,and discourse system,and constructing an independent Chinese human rights knowledge system,are essential requirements for promoting the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation through Chinese modernization and creating a new form of human civilization.China’s Human Rights Science originated in China,grew in China,and deepened through China’s human rights practices.China’s Human Rights Science adhere to the universality of human rights principles and possess distinctive characteristics.It works as the knowledge-based organization,academic refinement,and theoretical expression of the path of human rights development that conforms to the trend of the times and suits China’s national conditions,as pursued by the Communist Party of China in leading the people.China’s Human Rights Science can enrich and develop the theory of human rights civilization,and should become a global public product of human rights.
文摘Human rights are an achievement of humanity and a symbol of progress.Respect for and protection of human rights are basic principles of modern civilization.Around the world,countries and regions have chosen different paths to modernization,which are rooted in their unique civilizations.to promote exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations,facilitate human rights exchanges and cooperation between different countries,and advance the global development of human rights,on September 20,2023,the 2023 China-europe Seminar on Human Rights was held in Rome,the capital of Italy.Under the theme of“Modernization and the Diversity of Human Rights Among Civilizations,”the seminar focused on discussing topics such as exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations and the development of modern human rights philosophy,modernization and the free and well-rounded development of every person,sustainable development in the process of modernization,and the evolution of the civilization of human rights in the digital age.participants reached the following consensuses at the event:First,the participants from various countries spoke highly of the great achievements that China has made in human rights cause and fully recognized China’s contributions in promoting the development and progress of the global human rights cause;Second,the participants from all countries agreed that it is necessary to discard the concept of“Western-centrism,”transcend the mindset of“cultural superiority,”promote human rights exchanges and mutual learning among civilizations on the basis of equality and mutual respect,and inject new impetus into the diversity of human rights among civilizations;third,participants reaffirmed that human rights represent an open concept,and that we should discuss the development of human rights with an open mind and jointly promote the progress of human rights in the world.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32270658 and 32288101)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFC2703800)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai(20ZR1407000).
文摘Premature ovarian insufficiency(POI)is a severe female reproductive disorder that affects 1%of women in general populations(European Society for Human Reproduction and Embryology[ESHRE]Guideline Group on POI et al.,2016).An increasing prevalence up to 3.7%has been reported in a recent meta-analysis(Golezar et al.,2019).POl can lead to infertility or subfertility,as well as a range of complex complications suffering multi-organ systems,seriously threatening women's health and reducing the life quality.By contrast,POl is a representative heterogeneous disease with multiple etiologies.While more than 70 causative POI genes have been identified,the etiology of more than half of the POI patients is still ambiguous(Jiao et al.,2018).Unreported POI causative genes,therefore,remain to be identified.
文摘The COVID-19 pandemic is the largest ever infectious disease facing mankind.It challenges national governance capabilities and international patterns.On June 8,2021,the“2021 China-Europe Seminar on Human Rights”was held in Chongqing,China.Its theme was“COVID-19 Pandemic and the Protection of the Right to Life and Health,”which focused on five topics:the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the protection of the rights to life and health,the response of countries against the pandemic,the protection of the right to life and health of specific groups during the pandemic response,the national responsibility for the protection of the right to life and health in the public health crisis,and global cooperation in the prevention and control of the COVID-19 pandemic.The conference reached two consensuses:First,in the face of the pandemic,countries must take responsibility for the people and protect the people’s right to life and health;second,an effective international mechanism for fighting the COVID-19 pandemic must be established as soon as possible.
文摘The protection of human rights through international cooperation has a long history.Core human rights conventions,regional human rights treaties and other human rights instruments have continuously developed the meaning and scope of international human rights cooperation.The modern risk-laden society with a high degree of complexity and uncertainty has changed the world pattern,which calls for the building of a community with a shared future for human beings with cooperation as the starting point.Under the constant threat of the novel coronavirus,we must continue to deepen the concept of a community with a shared future for human beings,adhere to a“human rights-oriented”approach,and pay particular attention to the current supply and distribution of the COVID-19 vaccine as an important global public good.Only through solidarity and cooperation can mankind finally win the battle against this pandemic and protect human rights.
文摘On December 8, 2021, China’s State Council Information office(SCIo) and Ministry of Foreign Affairs co-hosted the “2021 South-South Human Rights Forum” in Beijing. The forum is themed on “putting people First and Global Human Rights Governance”. Four sub-themes, namely, “Building a Global Community of Health for All and protecting Human Rights”, “Anti-poverty Ffforts and Realization of the Right to Development”, “Multilateralism and Global Human Rights Governance”, and “The Role of Developing Countries in Global Human Rights Governance”, were discussed by delegates from more than 100 countries and international organizations. Within the framework of the theme of the forum, the delegates fully discussed on how to better respect and protect human rights, advance equal cooperation, share development outcomes, seek common and sustainable development, maintain fairness and justice in the international community, and improve the basic experience of the protection of human rights, and so on. As an important platform for the exchanges and cooperation of developing countries in human rights, the South-South Human Rights Forum has effectively promoted mutual understanding, inclusiveness and mutual learning on human rights governance.
基金an initial achievement of the Doctoral and Cultivation Project of Social Science Planning of Chongqing in 2016(Project No.2016BS041)
文摘From December 10 to 11,2019,the State Council Information Office and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs jointly held the 2019 South-South Human Rights Forum in Beijing.Participants from more than 80 countries,regions and international organizations discussed and exchanged views on such topics as"the practices and experiences of human rights protection in the countries of the Global South","path of human rights development against the background of the diversity of civilizations","building a Community with a Shared Future for Human Beings and global human rights governance".Participants in the forum actively voiced their national human rights views,exchanged human rights development experiences,explored human rights development paths in developing countries,and reached broad consensus.In an international environment featuring the rise of unilateralism and hegemonism,the South-South Human Rights Forum issued a strong message of solidarity and cooperation among developing countries on human rights issues,and also conveyed to the world the firm determination of developing countries to jointly promote the healthy development of the world’s human rights cause.
