In this paper, we present a study on the prediction of the power produced by the 33 MWp photovoltaic power plant at Zagtouli in Burkina-Faso, as a function of climatic factors. We identified models in the literature, ...In this paper, we present a study on the prediction of the power produced by the 33 MWp photovoltaic power plant at Zagtouli in Burkina-Faso, as a function of climatic factors. We identified models in the literature, namely the Benchmark, input/output, Marion, Cristo-fri, Kroposki, Jones-Underwood and Hatziargyriou prediction models, which depend exclusively on environmental parameters. We then compared our linear model with these seven mathematical models in order to determine the most optimal prediction model. Our results show that the Hatziargyriou model is better in terms of accuracy for power prediction.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:Whole brain radiotherapy(WBRT)provides benefit for patients with b rain metastases but may result in neurological toxicity for patien ts with extended survival times.Ste reotactic radiosurgery in combination...OBJECTIVE:Whole brain radiotherapy(WBRT)provides benefit for patients with b rain metastases but may result in neurological toxicity for patien ts with extended survival times.Ste reotactic radiosurgery in combination with WBRT has become an important approach,but the value of WBRT has been questioned.As an alternative to WBRT,we managed patients with stereotactic radiosurgery alone,evaluated pati ents’outcomes,and assessed prognostic factors for survival and tumor c ontrol.METHODS:One hundred seventy-two patients with b rain metastases were managed with ra diosurgery alone.One hundred twent y-one patients were evaluable with follow-up imaging after radiosurgery.The median patien t age was 60.5years(age range,16-86yr).The mean marginal tumor dose and volume were 18.5Gy (range,11-22Gy )and 4.4ml (range,0.1-24.9ml ).Eighty percent of patients had soli tary tumors.RESULTS:The overall median survival time was8months.The median survival time in patients with no evidence of primary tumor disease or stable disease was 13and 11months.The local tumor contr ol rate was 87%.At 2years,the rate of local control,remote brain control,and total intr acranial control were 75%,41%,and 27%,respectively.In multivariate a nalysis,advanced primary tumor status(P=0.0003),older age(P=0.008),lower Karnofsky Performance Scale score(P=0.01),and malignant melanoma (P=0.005)were significant for poorer surviva l.The median survival time was 28mon ths for patients younger than 60years of age,with Karnofsky Performance Scale score o f at least 90,and whose primary tumor status showed either no evidence of disease or stable disease.Tumor volume (P=0.02)alone was significant for local tumo r control,whereas no factor affecte d remote or intracranial tumor contr ol.Eleven patients developed complica tions,six of which were persistent.Nineteen(16.5%)of 116patients in whom the cause of death was obtained died as a result of cause s related to brain metastasis.CONCLUSION:Brain metastases were controlled we ll with radiosurgery alone as initial thera py.We advocate that WBRT should not be part of the initial treatment proto col for selected patients with one or two tumors with good control of their primary cancer,better Karnofsky Performance Scale score,and you nger age,all of which are predictors of longer展开更多
In the rice field methane is produced in the soil layer with depths of 2-25 cm. The vertical profile of methane production rate in the paddy soil during the water covering period differs from that in the paddy soil in...In the rice field methane is produced in the soil layer with depths of 2-25 cm. The vertical profile of methane production rate in the paddy soil during the water covering period differs from that in the paddy soil in dry phase. Only a small part, about 30%. of the produced methane is emitted to the atmosphere through rice plant, air bubbles, and molecular diffusion. Therefore, the methane emission rate from the rice field depends not only on the methane production rate in the soil, but also on the transport efficiency of the rice plant, air bubble formation that in turn depends on the production rate, and molecular diffusion.Field measurements show that methane emission rates from a particular rice field have very large diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations, which are related to soil characteristics, water regime, farming procedure, local climate, and rice growing activities. The relationship between the methane emission rate and the above mentioned factors is very complicated. The emission rates from different rice fields differ greatly not only in the absolute value, but also in the temporal variation patterns.Methane emission rate from the rice field may be significantly reduced by scientific management of fertilizer and irrigation. While the use of SO42- containing fertilizer and fermented organic fertilizer may reduce the methane emission significantly, the most promising measure for reducing methane emission from rice field is the frequent drainage irrigation procedure.展开更多
By interpreting the remote sensing data of aerial photos and satellite images in different time, combining with field investigation, landform and water level observation, collecting data of weather, hydrology in Chaoh...By interpreting the remote sensing data of aerial photos and satellite images in different time, combining with field investigation, landform and water level observation, collecting data of weather, hydrology in Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province from 1957 to 2003, the reasons for collapse of Chaohu lakeshore were analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) The collapse of the Chaohu lakeshore is controlled macroscopically by two sets of north-east and the north-west faults, and the degree of collapse is determined microcosmically by lithology. 2) The constant change of water level, resulting from precipitation, wind speed and its direction, is one of the main reasons for intermittence collapse. 3) The soil and water loss or mud and sand filling up, resulting from artificial factors, such as inconsequence control of Chaohu sluice or irrational agricultural and industrial activities, etc., can uplift the lake′s bed and drive water level up. The high water level also results in the collapse. Judging from the above mentioned reasons for the collapse, we have proposed some countermeasures: 1) Putting the lakeshore slope protection project such as stone and cement mortar into practice, and upstream slope should be 1∶2.5 or 1∶3, some parts of them should be 1∶4, if they were not stable. The back slope, which is from Gui Mountain to Zhongmiao Temple, should be 1∶1.5-1∶3. 2) Constructing a greenbelt for the lakeshore, planting some vegetation such as osier, bulrush and poplar, to resist waves between the high and the low water level. 3) Controlling Chaohu Lake water level scientifically. Corrosion of lakeshore that contains gravel clay and ferruginous-manganese concretionary structures, can decrease at low water level. 4) Renovating Chaohu Lake drainage area, strengthening the administration and supervision, breaking regionalism and establishing special administration organization.展开更多
We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and an expression of the （anti）reflexive solution with respect to the nontrivial generalized reflection matrix P to the system of complex matrix equati...We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and an expression of the （anti）reflexive solution with respect to the nontrivial generalized reflection matrix P to the system of complex matrix equations AX = B and XC = D. The explicit solutions of the approximation problem min x∈Ф ｜｜X - E｜｜F was given, where E is a given complex matrix and Ф is the set of all reflexive （or antireflexive） solutions of the system mentioned above, and ｜｜·｜｜ is the Frobenius norm. Furthermore, it was pointed that some results in a recent paper are special cases of this paper.展开更多
Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1（CDK2AP1）, a cell growth inhibitory factor, is abnormally expressed in cancer cells, and might be implicated in the development of lung cancer. However, no studies on th...Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1（CDK2AP1）, a cell growth inhibitory factor, is abnormally expressed in cancer cells, and might be implicated in the development of lung cancer. However, no studies on the function of CDK2AP1 in human lung cancer have been yet reported. In this study, overexpressing lentiviral vectors containing full-length CDK2AP1 cDNA and CDK2AP1 shRNA（short hairpin RNA） were constructed. Our results show that infecting A549 cells with lentivirus containing CDK2AP1 shRNA or full-length CDK2AP1 cDNA results in significantly down- or up-regulated the expression of CDK2AP1, respectively, thereby providing reliable tools for studying the function of CDK2AP1 in pulmonary carcinogenesis. Our data of MTT assay and flowcytometric analysis demonstrate that CDK2AP1 plays an important role in the proliferation/growth and cell cycling of A549 cells in vitro, and further investigation into its underlying mechanism of pulmonary carcinogenesis is needed.展开更多
Season and concentration of sterilizing agents play a significant role for establishment of aseptic in vitro shoot cultures and sprouting of nodal explants from field growing culms of bamboo species. In the present in...Season and concentration of sterilizing agents play a significant role for establishment of aseptic in vitro shoot cultures and sprouting of nodal explants from field growing culms of bamboo species. In the present investigation the nodal segment explants of Bambusa tulda Roxb collected in different seasons and treated with various concentrations of HgC12 showed significant variation in aseptic culture establishment and bud break. The rainy season （July-August） recorded with highest of 78% aseptic culture establishment whereas autumn recorded with lowest 46%. Summer and winter seasons emerged to be the best period, registering 〉 60% in vitro bud break. On the other hand, the autumn season had the lowest value for bud break, i.e. 42%. Among different doses of sterilizing agent tried, HgC12 0.1% found to be suitable for maximum aseptic culture establishment （66%） as well as bud break （59%）. However, among the interactions, summer season and the dose of 0.1% HgC12 exhibited maximum of 73% response for both aseptic culture establishment and bud break. MS medium （liquid） enriched with 5.0 μM BA ＋5.0 μM Kn [Kinetin （N6-Furfuryladenine）] with additional supplementation of 100 μM glutamine ＋ 0.1 μM IAA supported a maximum in vitro shoot multiplication of 4.75 fold. The proliferated shoots were successfully rooted on MS medium （liquid） supplemented 40 μM coumarin. The plantlets transferred to the polythene bags showed 98% survival.展开更多
文摘In this paper, we present a study on the prediction of the power produced by the 33 MWp photovoltaic power plant at Zagtouli in Burkina-Faso, as a function of climatic factors. We identified models in the literature, namely the Benchmark, input/output, Marion, Cristo-fri, Kroposki, Jones-Underwood and Hatziargyriou prediction models, which depend exclusively on environmental parameters. We then compared our linear model with these seven mathematical models in order to determine the most optimal prediction model. Our results show that the Hatziargyriou model is better in terms of accuracy for power prediction.
文摘OBJECTIVE:Whole brain radiotherapy(WBRT)provides benefit for patients with b rain metastases but may result in neurological toxicity for patien ts with extended survival times.Ste reotactic radiosurgery in combination with WBRT has become an important approach,but the value of WBRT has been questioned.As an alternative to WBRT,we managed patients with stereotactic radiosurgery alone,evaluated pati ents’outcomes,and assessed prognostic factors for survival and tumor c ontrol.METHODS:One hundred seventy-two patients with b rain metastases were managed with ra diosurgery alone.One hundred twent y-one patients were evaluable with follow-up imaging after radiosurgery.The median patien t age was 60.5years(age range,16-86yr).The mean marginal tumor dose and volume were 18.5Gy (range,11-22Gy )and 4.4ml (range,0.1-24.9ml ).Eighty percent of patients had soli tary tumors.RESULTS:The overall median survival time was8months.The median survival time in patients with no evidence of primary tumor disease or stable disease was 13and 11months.The local tumor contr ol rate was 87%.At 2years,the rate of local control,remote brain control,and total intr acranial control were 75%,41%,and 27%,respectively.In multivariate a nalysis,advanced primary tumor status(P=0.0003),older age(P=0.008),lower Karnofsky Performance Scale score(P=0.01),and malignant melanoma (P=0.005)were significant for poorer surviva l.The median survival time was 28mon ths for patients younger than 60years of age,with Karnofsky Performance Scale score o f at least 90,and whose primary tumor status showed either no evidence of disease or stable disease.Tumor volume (P=0.02)alone was significant for local tumo r control,whereas no factor affecte d remote or intracranial tumor contr ol.Eleven patients developed complica tions,six of which were persistent.Nineteen(16.5%)of 116patients in whom the cause of death was obtained died as a result of cause s related to brain metastasis.CONCLUSION:Brain metastases were controlled we ll with radiosurgery alone as initial thera py.We advocate that WBRT should not be part of the initial treatment proto col for selected patients with one or two tumors with good control of their primary cancer,better Karnofsky Performance Scale score,and you nger age,all of which are predictors of longer
基金Supported by the Scientific Research Foundation for the Returned 0verseas Chinese Scholars, State Education Ministry, and National Natural Science Foundation of China （60474005）
文摘In the rice field methane is produced in the soil layer with depths of 2-25 cm. The vertical profile of methane production rate in the paddy soil during the water covering period differs from that in the paddy soil in dry phase. Only a small part, about 30%. of the produced methane is emitted to the atmosphere through rice plant, air bubbles, and molecular diffusion. Therefore, the methane emission rate from the rice field depends not only on the methane production rate in the soil, but also on the transport efficiency of the rice plant, air bubble formation that in turn depends on the production rate, and molecular diffusion.Field measurements show that methane emission rates from a particular rice field have very large diurnal, seasonal and interannual variations, which are related to soil characteristics, water regime, farming procedure, local climate, and rice growing activities. The relationship between the methane emission rate and the above mentioned factors is very complicated. The emission rates from different rice fields differ greatly not only in the absolute value, but also in the temporal variation patterns.Methane emission rate from the rice field may be significantly reduced by scientific management of fertilizer and irrigation. While the use of SO42- containing fertilizer and fermented organic fertilizer may reduce the methane emission significantly, the most promising measure for reducing methane emission from rice field is the frequent drainage irrigation procedure.
基金Under the auspices of Sciences Fund of Anhui Provincial Bureau of Education (No. 2004kj165 zd), High Edu-cation Teaching Research of Anhui Province (No. 2005021), the Natural Sciences Fund of Anhui Province, Key Subject of Physi-cal Geographyof Anhui Normal University
文摘By interpreting the remote sensing data of aerial photos and satellite images in different time, combining with field investigation, landform and water level observation, collecting data of weather, hydrology in Chaohu Lake, Anhui Province from 1957 to 2003, the reasons for collapse of Chaohu lakeshore were analyzed. The results are as follows: 1) The collapse of the Chaohu lakeshore is controlled macroscopically by two sets of north-east and the north-west faults, and the degree of collapse is determined microcosmically by lithology. 2) The constant change of water level, resulting from precipitation, wind speed and its direction, is one of the main reasons for intermittence collapse. 3) The soil and water loss or mud and sand filling up, resulting from artificial factors, such as inconsequence control of Chaohu sluice or irrational agricultural and industrial activities, etc., can uplift the lake′s bed and drive water level up. The high water level also results in the collapse. Judging from the above mentioned reasons for the collapse, we have proposed some countermeasures: 1) Putting the lakeshore slope protection project such as stone and cement mortar into practice, and upstream slope should be 1∶2.5 or 1∶3, some parts of them should be 1∶4, if they were not stable. The back slope, which is from Gui Mountain to Zhongmiao Temple, should be 1∶1.5-1∶3. 2) Constructing a greenbelt for the lakeshore, planting some vegetation such as osier, bulrush and poplar, to resist waves between the high and the low water level. 3) Controlling Chaohu Lake water level scientifically. Corrosion of lakeshore that contains gravel clay and ferruginous-manganese concretionary structures, can decrease at low water level. 4) Renovating Chaohu Lake drainage area, strengthening the administration and supervision, breaking regionalism and establishing special administration organization.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （Grant No.60672160）
文摘We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence and an expression of the （anti）reflexive solution with respect to the nontrivial generalized reflection matrix P to the system of complex matrix equations AX = B and XC = D. The explicit solutions of the approximation problem min x∈Ф ｜｜X - E｜｜F was given, where E is a given complex matrix and Ф is the set of all reflexive （or antireflexive） solutions of the system mentioned above, and ｜｜·｜｜ is the Frobenius norm. Furthermore, it was pointed that some results in a recent paper are special cases of this paper.
基金Supported by the Grants from the Project of Scientific Innovation and Creative for Jilin Provincial Oversea Scholars(No.2010273)Jilin Provincial Science and Technology Services(Nos.20050408, 20070720, 200805120, 20090732)+2 种基金Jilin Provincial Development and Reformation Committee(No.2009Y042J12314)Jilin Province Talent Development Foundation (No.JRJB2007-2)the Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.30670301, 30870354)
文摘Cyclin-dependent kinase 2-associated protein 1（CDK2AP1）, a cell growth inhibitory factor, is abnormally expressed in cancer cells, and might be implicated in the development of lung cancer. However, no studies on the function of CDK2AP1 in human lung cancer have been yet reported. In this study, overexpressing lentiviral vectors containing full-length CDK2AP1 cDNA and CDK2AP1 shRNA（short hairpin RNA） were constructed. Our results show that infecting A549 cells with lentivirus containing CDK2AP1 shRNA or full-length CDK2AP1 cDNA results in significantly down- or up-regulated the expression of CDK2AP1, respectively, thereby providing reliable tools for studying the function of CDK2AP1 in pulmonary carcinogenesis. Our data of MTT assay and flowcytometric analysis demonstrate that CDK2AP1 plays an important role in the proliferation/growth and cell cycling of A549 cells in vitro, and further investigation into its underlying mechanism of pulmonary carcinogenesis is needed.
基金supported by Project of Commercial production of quality planting material of bamboo species(No.213/2014/Gen-1(NBM)(3)
文摘Season and concentration of sterilizing agents play a significant role for establishment of aseptic in vitro shoot cultures and sprouting of nodal explants from field growing culms of bamboo species. In the present investigation the nodal segment explants of Bambusa tulda Roxb collected in different seasons and treated with various concentrations of HgC12 showed significant variation in aseptic culture establishment and bud break. The rainy season （July-August） recorded with highest of 78% aseptic culture establishment whereas autumn recorded with lowest 46%. Summer and winter seasons emerged to be the best period, registering 〉 60% in vitro bud break. On the other hand, the autumn season had the lowest value for bud break, i.e. 42%. Among different doses of sterilizing agent tried, HgC12 0.1% found to be suitable for maximum aseptic culture establishment （66%） as well as bud break （59%）. However, among the interactions, summer season and the dose of 0.1% HgC12 exhibited maximum of 73% response for both aseptic culture establishment and bud break. MS medium （liquid） enriched with 5.0 μM BA ＋5.0 μM Kn [Kinetin （N6-Furfuryladenine）] with additional supplementation of 100 μM glutamine ＋ 0.1 μM IAA supported a maximum in vitro shoot multiplication of 4.75 fold. The proliferated shoots were successfully rooted on MS medium （liquid） supplemented 40 μM coumarin. The plantlets transferred to the polythene bags showed 98% survival.
