Balanced acupuncture, a single-acupoint balance therapy, regulates the balance of the cerebral center, and is characterized by exerting quick effects and a short treatment course. A total of 20 low-back and leg pain p...Balanced acupuncture, a single-acupoint balance therapy, regulates the balance of the cerebral center, and is characterized by exerting quick effects and a short treatment course. A total of 20 low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated with balanced acupuncture or body acupuncture. Central mechanisms of vaded acupunctures were compared using resting-state functional MRI. Patients from both groups received functional MRI before and after acupuncture. Functional connectivity in brain regions that were strongly associated with the bilatera amygdala was analyzed utilizing AFNI software. Visual analogue scale scores were greater in the balanced acupuncture group compared with the body acupuncture group. Function of the endogenous pain regulation network was enhanced in patients in the balanced acupuncture group, but was not changed in the body acupuncture group. This result indicates that the analgesic effects of body acupuncture do not work through the central nervous system. These data suggest that balanced acupuncture exerts analgesic effects on low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation by regulating the function of the endogenous pain regulation network.展开更多
INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is closely relatedwith hepatitis and cirrhosis.In order to investigatethe pathogenesis and early pathologic diagnosis ofHCC,HCC and related lesions were analyzedqualitively an...INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is closely relatedwith hepatitis and cirrhosis.In order to investigatethe pathogenesis and early pathologic diagnosis ofHCC,HCC and related lesions were analyzedqualitively and quantitively by automatic imageanalysor and immunohistochemical assay.展开更多
Background: Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy has been proved to be effective on gastric cancer in ongoing clinical trials. However, the value of PD-L1 in predicting responses...Background: Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy has been proved to be effective on gastric cancer in ongoing clinical trials. However, the value of PD-L1 in predicting responses of patients with gastric cancer to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy is controversial. Some studies suggested that intra-and inter-tumoral heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression might explain the controversy.This study aimed to analyze the expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, and PD-1 as well as CD8(+) T-cell density in primary tumors and lymph nodes from patients with stage T1-4 N+M0 gastric adenocarcinoma to explore the heterogeneity of PD-1 signaling pathway molecules.Methods: In primary tumors and metastatic as well as non-metastatic lymph nodes from patients with stage T1-4 N+M0 gastric adenocarcinoma, we detected PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression with immunohistochemistry. CD8(+)T-cell density in primary tumors and PD-1 expression on CD8(+)T cells were detected with immunofluorescence. Univariate analysis was used to determine the prognostic values of them. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to identify independent risk factors that affect patients' overall survival and disease-free survival.Results: Among 119 eligible patients who had undergone surgical resection, the positive rate of PD-L1 was higher in metastatic lymph nodes than in primary tumors(45.4% vs. 38.7%, P = 0.005); the positive rate of PD-1 on CD8(+)T cells was significantly higher in primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes than in tumor-free lymph nodes(both P < 0.001). The intensity of PD-1 expression on CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors and in metastatic lymph nodes were stronger than that in tumor-free lymph nodes from the same patient. Beside, the positive rate of PD-L2 did not show any differences between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 expression,PD-L2 expression, a low density of CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors, and PD-1 expression on CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors were associated with poor prognosis.Conclusion: The expression of PD-L1 is heterogeneous in primary tumors and in metastatic lymph nodes from patients with stageT1-4 N+M0 gastric adenocarcinoma, which might explain the inconsistent results in assessing the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in previous studies.展开更多
A number of previous studies of acupuncture acupoint specificity have used sham acupoints, sham acupuncture or meridian acupoints at a great distance from each other as controls in functional MRI （fMRI） experiments....A number of previous studies of acupuncture acupoint specificity have used sham acupoints, sham acupuncture or meridian acupoints at a great distance from each other as controls in functional MRI （fMRI） experiments. However, few studies have compared different meridian acupoints within the same segment, which are associated with similarly intense needle sensations. We performed fMRI on 12 healthy young volunteers and observed differences in brain activation elicited by acupuncture of the Taixi （KI 3） and Qiuxu （GB 40） acupoints. Acupuncture was applied at the Taixi and Qiuxu acupoints, using a multiple-block fMRI design with three blocks, involving three altemations of resting and task phases. After scanning, needle sensation was assessed. The behavioral results revealed that the subjective needle sensation was similar between the Taixiand Qiuxu acupoints. The fMRI results revealed that acupuncture at the right Taixi acupoint activated the right superior temporal gyrus （BA 22）, left middle frontal gyrus （BA 46） and inferior frontal gyrus （BA 45）, bilateral parietal lobe postcentral gyrus （BA 2）, right parietal lobe （BA 3）, and left parietal lobe （BA 40）. Acupuncture at the right Qiuxu acupoint activated the left superior temporal gyrus （BA 42）, right parietal lobe postcentral gyrus （BA 40, BA 43）, right inferior frontal gyrus （BA 47）, bilateral superior temporal gyrus （BA 22）, and right insula BA13. These results suggest that the right Taixiand Qiuxu acupoints activated different brain areas.展开更多
Previous studies have shown that Zhichan powder elevated immunity and suppressed oxidation in mice. Rat models of Parkinson＇s disease were induced by stereotaxically injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia ni...Previous studies have shown that Zhichan powder elevated immunity and suppressed oxidation in mice. Rat models of Parkinson＇s disease were induced by stereotaxically injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. The rat models were intragastrically treated with Zhichan powder, which is composed of milkvetch root, ginseng, bunge swallowwort root, himalayan teasel root. Magnolia officinalis, Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and szechwan Iovage rhizome. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas, caspase-8, cvtochrome C, Bax, casDase-3, and p53 significantly increased, but Bcl-2 expression significantly decreased in the substantia nigra of rats with Parkinson＇s disease. Following Zhichan powder administration, mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas, caspase-8, cytochrome C, Bax, caspase-3, and p53 diminished, but Bcl-2 expression increased in the rat substantia nigra. These results indicate that Zhichan powder regulates signal transduction protein expression, inhibits apoptosis, and exerts therapeutic effects on Parkinson＇s disease.展开更多
Objective： To identify the differences between cavitating squamous cell lung carcinoma （cSLC） and non-cavitating squamous cell lung carcinoma （ncSLC）. Methods： Fifty-one patients with cSLC and 281 with ncSLC con...Objective： To identify the differences between cavitating squamous cell lung carcinoma （cSLC） and non-cavitating squamous cell lung carcinoma （ncSLC）. Methods： Fifty-one patients with cSLC and 281 with ncSLC confirmed by surgery in our hospital between 1999 to 2000 were collected and their clinical, histological and survival features were retrospectively ana（yzed. Results： Patients with cSLC had more frequent manifestation of infection and weight loss. They usually experienced longer duration of pre-diagnosis and showed bigger tumor mass, larger primary tumor invasion with worse differentiated than ncSLC patients. There was no significant difference in age, sex, smoking history, family tumor history, personal tuberculosis history, disease location, TNM stage, lymph node invasion, and metastasis between the two groups. Median survival time was 29 months for cSLC and 35 months for ncSLC. One- and 3- year survival rates were 86.3% and 43.1% for cSLC vs. 91.1% and 47,0% for ncSLC respectively （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Patients with cSLC presented with a bigger mass, a larger extent of primary tumor invasion, worse differentiated, more obstructed pneumonia that might result in longer duration of pre-diagnosis and more weight loss. As lack of differences in disease stages, lymph node invasion, metastasis and especially survival time with ncSLC, cSLC couldn＇t be classified as a special type of squamous cell carcinoma by present evidences.展开更多
Nocardiosis manifests as an opportunistic infection,primarily affecting individuals who are immunocompromised and susceptible to the infection.We present a case study of one patient with nephrotic syndrome and membran...Nocardiosis manifests as an opportunistic infection,primarily affecting individuals who are immunocompromised and susceptible to the infection.We present a case study of one patient with nephrotic syndrome and membranous nephropathy,who underwent treatment with prednisone and cyclosporine in 2016.In early 2017,the patient was diagnosed with a"fungal infection"and discontinued the use of cyclosporine.After one month of anti-infection therapy,a cranial magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple abscesses in the right temporal region.The diagnosis of nocardiosis was confirmed based on the presence of metastatic abscess masses,multiple lung and brain lesions,and a positive culture of Nocardia in the drainage.We changed the anti-infection therapy to a combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX),minocycline,and voriconazole.However,the patient experienced a sudden cardiac arrest and subsequently recovered after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.During the five-month follow-up period following the discharge,the patient displayed an enhanced nutritional status and stable renal function.The focal infection ultimately resolved during the subsequent three years.Neuro-infection caused by Nocardia should be considered in immunocompromised patients,and TMP-SMX is the preferred initial therapy;however,because of the high mortality rate,a long-term combination therapy with imipenem,cefotaxime,amikacin,and TMP-SMX is suggested.展开更多
Objective To investigate the pathologic diagnosis and ultrastructure features of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC). MethodsRetrospective analysis was made on 37 cases of PC with histochemical stain and light micro...Objective To investigate the pathologic diagnosis and ultrastructure features of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC). MethodsRetrospective analysis was made on 37 cases of PC with histochemical stain and light microscopy observations. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on 19 cases. ResultsThree of 37 cases were confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy while the other 34 patients by open-chest exploratory operation.Pathologic findings: cryptococcosis neoformans (CN) were detected in all cases,2 with gelatinous lesions and 35 non-casating granuloma. The revealing rate of CN with the mucicarmine stain(MC),periodic acid-Schiff stain(PAS), alcian blue (AB) and Grocott methenamine-silver (GMS) was 85.2% (23/27), 97.3% (36/37), 64.9% (24/37) and 96.3% (26/27), respectively. All CNs detected by transmission electron microscopy had capsules and most of them possessed simple structure with undeveloped cellular organelles and cell cataplasia. Some CNs had cellular nucleus, nucleoli, mitochondria and vacuoles. The detective rate of CNs by transmission electron microscope was 89.5 % (17/19). ConclusionAbsent of specific clinical manifestations and radiographic features, fine needle aspiration biopsy and open biopsy remain the chief approaches in the diagnosis of PC. It could be further helpful by using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to make definitive diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as MS, GMC and PAS histochemical staining.展开更多
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)is associated with high incidence of anxiety and depression disorders(27%-54%and 20%-42%,respectively),significantly affecting patient quality of life.However,the pathophysiologi...BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)is associated with high incidence of anxiety and depression disorders(27%-54%and 20%-42%,respectively),significantly affecting patient quality of life.However,the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying post-SAH emotional disorders remain poorly understood,limiting targeted therapeutic interventions.AIM To identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets through comprehensive analysis of behavioral,neuroimaging,and inflammatory parameters in a rat SAH model.METHODS We established a rat SAH model using cisternal injection of autologous blood and conducted comprehensive assessments including behavioral tests(elevated plus maze,forced swimming test,sucrose preference test),diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),and inflammatory factor detection.Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into sham and SAH groups,with evaluations performed at multiple time points(1 hour to 72 hours post-hemorrhage).DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy(FA)and apparent diffusion coefficient were measured in limbic-prefrontal circuits.Serum and cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory markers[interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α]were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS SAH rats exhibited significant anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors at 12 hours,which further deteriorated at 24 hours(open arm time:30.3±4.7 seconds vs 82.1±8.3 seconds in controls,P<0.01;immobility time:136.5±12.7 seconds vs 78.3±9.2 seconds in controls,P<0.01).DTI analysis revealed progressive white matter microstructural damage,with hippocampus-prefrontal FA values decreasing by 21.8%and amygdala-prefrontal FA values by 20.3%at 24 hours(P<0.001).Apparent diffusion coefficient values significantly decreased at 12 hours,indicating cellular edema.Inflammatory markers showed marked elevation,with stronger correlations between cerebrospinal fluid IL-1βand behavioral changes(r=0.72-0.81,P<0.001).CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that post-SAH emotional disorders result from a temporal cascade involving early neuroinflammation and progressive limbic-prefrontal circuit microstructural damage.展开更多
BACKGROUND In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),a high-fat or high-fructose diet increases intestinal permeability and promotes derangement of the gut-liver axis.We hypothesize that,diet could be able to modula...BACKGROUND In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),a high-fat or high-fructose diet increases intestinal permeability and promotes derangement of the gut-liver axis.We hypothesize that,diet could be able to modulate intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD.AIM To detect diet-induced modification of intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD undergoing a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet.METHODS The current study was a dietary intervention for non-diabetic,patients with biopsy-verified NAFLD and increased transaminases.A crossover design was employed:participants underwent 16 weeks of Mediterranean diet,16 wk of free wash-out,and 16 weeks of low-fat diet.Both diets were hypocaloric and no consumption of supplements was allowed.All patients were followed bimonthly by a dietitian.Evaluations of clinical and metabolic parameters were completed at baseline and at the end of each dietary period.Intestinal permeability was assessed by chromium-51 ethylene diamine tetraacetate excretion testing(51 CrEDTA).RESULTS Twenty Caucasian patients,90%male,median age 43 years,body mass index(BMI)30.9,with biopsy-verified NAFLD were enrolled.At the end of 16 weeks of a Mediterranean diet,a significant reduction in mean body weight(-5.3±4.1 kg,P=0.003),mean waist circumference(-7.9±4.9 cm,P=0.001),and mean transaminase levels[alanine aminotransferase(ALT)-28.3±11.9 IU/L,P=0.0001;aspartate aminotransferase(AST)-6.4±56.3 IU/L,P=0.01]were observed.These benefits were maintained after 16 wk of wash-out and also after16 wk of low-fat diet,without further improvements.Fourteen of the 20 patients had intestinal permeability alteration at baseline(mean percentage retention of51 Cr-EDTA=5.4%),but no significant changes in intestinal permeability were observed at the end of the 16 wk of the Mediterranean diet or 16 wk of the low-fat diet.CONCLUSION Mediterranean diet is an effective strategy for treating overweight,visceral obesity and serum transaminase in patients with NAFLD.If the Mediterranean diet can improve intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD,it deserves further investigation.展开更多
BACKGROUND Germ cell tumors(GCTs)account for 2%of human malignancies but are the most common malignant tumors among males aged 15-35.Since 1983,an association between mediastinal GCT(MGCT)and hematologic malignancies ...BACKGROUND Germ cell tumors(GCTs)account for 2%of human malignancies but are the most common malignant tumors among males aged 15-35.Since 1983,an association between mediastinal GCT(MGCT)and hematologic malignancies has been recognized.CASE SUMMARY We report a case in which malignant histiocytosis was associated with mediastinal GCTs.The clinical data of a male patient with MGCT admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital were collected retrospectively.The patient was first diagnosed according to imaging and pathological features as having MGCT,and was treated with surgery and chemotherapy.One year after stopping chemotherapy,imaging showed metastases in the right supraclavicular,mediastinum,hilar region and retroperitoneal lymph node,right pleura,right lung,and right para-cardiac margin.Pathological diagnosis of the liver nodular and hilar lymph nodes included systemic juvenile xanthogranuloma and Rosai-Dorfman lesions with malignant transformation(i.e.,morphological characteristics and immunophenotype of histiocytic sarcoma).Following diagnosis,the patient accepted chemotherapy with vindesine,cytarabine and dexamethasone.Positron emission tomography–computed tomography showed partial remission.The patient was followed-up for 10 mo after the diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis,and no sign of progression or relapse was observed.CONCLUSION Physicians should recognize the possibility of hematologic malignancies being associated with MGCT.Suitable sites should be selected for pathological examination.展开更多
Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma(SEF)is a rare and poorly defined variant of fibrosarcoma,but generally insensitive to chemotherapy and progresses with poor prognosis.We report the marvelous effect of irinotecan hy...Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma(SEF)is a rare and poorly defined variant of fibrosarcoma,but generally insensitive to chemotherapy and progresses with poor prognosis.We report the marvelous effect of irinotecan hydrochloride(CPT-11)chemotherapy in rescuing a patient with atypical SEF from emergent condition,who underwent recurrences after several treatment methods.Small dose of CPT-11 was administered to the patient,with which,the size of superficial mass(cervical lymph node)gradually decreased observed by the naked eyes in 5 days.X-ray and CT image proved a marked reduction in the size of the tumor.CPT-11 is valuable for the treatment of this aggressive sarcoma.In condition of emergency caused by sarcoma oppression,administering a tolerable small dose of topoisomerase I-inhibiting drug could be a beneficial choice.展开更多
Objective To examine the immunoregulation of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts(COE),a traditional Chinese medicine,on maturation and function of dendritic cells(DCs)in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro,after treated wit...Objective To examine the immunoregulation of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts(COE),a traditional Chinese medicine,on maturation and function of dendritic cells(DCs)in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro,after treated with COE in different nontoxic concentrations(0,10,20,40,80,and 160μg/mL)for 5 d,the surface immunological molecules and cytokine secretion of mice bone marrow-derived DCs in response to COE were analyzed by flow cytometric analysis(FACS)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),respectively.In vivo,mouse hepatoma cells(Hepa1-6,1×106)were injected sc and were treated with different dosages of COE(10,20 or 40 mg/kg/d).Effects on tumor growth were determined by tumor volume and histology analysis after 28 d administration of COE.The relative proportions of mature DCs and CD8+T cells were measured in mononuclear cells that had been isolated from spleen by FACS.Results COE stimulated IL-2 and IFN-γsecretion of DCs,simultaneously enhanced the maturation of DCs by enhancing immunological molecule(CD40,CD80,CD86,H-2Kb,and I-Ab)expression in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the chemotactic responses of DCs were significantly higher in COE-treated than untreated DCs,in association with higher chemokine receptor 7 expression.Furthermore,COE increased DCs produce IFN-γand IL-2 in a dose-dependent manner when the concentration of COE less than 40μg/mL,decreased DCs produce IL-10 and IL-4 also in a dose-dependent manner.In in vivo studies,COE can not only suppress growth of malignant hepatocellular carcinomas but also stimulate maturation of DCs,associated with strongly enhanced CD8+CTL responses.Conclusion These data provide new insight into the mechanism of action of COE and indicate that the stimulation of maturation and function of DCs by COE contributes to its immunoregulatory effects.展开更多
Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field. As an important technological advancement, thre...Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field. As an important technological advancement, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction transforms traditional two-dimensional images into 3D images that are more consistent with the physiological habits of human eyes. It has been applied to the bones, heart, liver, and maxillofacial area, promoting the progress of medical technology and surgeons. This article introduces the progress of 3D reconstruction technology in the clinical application of pancreatic surgery, from the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative perspectives, as well as the education of young surgeons. It also puts forward new ideas for the further development of pancreatic surgery.展开更多
Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field.As an important technological advancement,three-...Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field.As an important technological advancement,three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction transforms traditional two-dimensional images into 3D images that are more consistent with the physiological habits of human eyes.It has been applied to the bones,heart,liver,and maxillofacial area,promoting the progress of medical technology and surgeons.This paper introduces the progress of 3D reconstruction technology in the clinical application of pancreatic surgery,from the preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative perspectives,as well as the education of young surgeons.It also puts forward new ideas for the further development of pancreatic surgery.展开更多
Artifi cial intelligence and data analysis are essential in smart agriculture for enhancing crop productivity and food security.However,progress in this field is often limited by the lack of specialized,error-free lab...Artifi cial intelligence and data analysis are essential in smart agriculture for enhancing crop productivity and food security.However,progress in this field is often limited by the lack of specialized,error-free labeled datasets.This paper introduces DAClA5,a multispectral image dataset for agricultural crop identification,complemented with Sentinel-1 radar data.The dataset consists of 172 Sentinel-2 multispectral images(800×450 pixels)and 159 Sentinel-1 radar images,collected over Braov,Romania,from 2020 to 2024,with precise,in-situ verified labels.Additionally,6,454 Sentinel-2 and 5,995 Sentinel-1 rectangular patches(32 x 32 pixels)were extracted,exceeding 6 million pixels in total.The cropland parcels considered in our dataset are used for research and are owned and cultivated by the National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet,ensuring error-free labeling.The labels in our dataset provide detailed information about crop types,offering insights into crop distribution,growth stages,and phenological events.Furthermore,we present a comprehensive dataset analysis and two key use cases:crop identifi cation based on a"past vs.present"approach and early crop identification during the agricultural season.展开更多
Objective： Ce/astrus orbicu/atus Thunb. has been used for thousands of years in China as a remedy against cancer and inflammatory diseases. This study aims to investigate whether C. orbiculatus extract （COE） could ...Objective： Ce/astrus orbicu/atus Thunb. has been used for thousands of years in China as a remedy against cancer and inflammatory diseases. This study aims to investigate whether C. orbiculatus extract （COE） could inhibit angiogenesis, which is the pivotal step in tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. Methods： In this study, the extract from the stem of C. orbiculatus was used. Mouse hepatic carcinoma cells （Hepat-6） were treated with COE in different nontoxic concentrations （10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 μg/mL）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and Western blot, respectively; the active fractions were further tested on C57BL/6 mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVEC） for any antiangiogenic effects. Results： COE significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in Hepal-6 cells and inhibited VEGF expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, this agent inhibited the formation of the capillary-like structure in primary cultured HUVEC in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, COE significantly reduced the volume and weight of solid tumors with low adverse effects and decreased tumor angiogenesis. Conclusions： In summary, COE could be used to treat hepatic carcinoma. The mechanisms of the antitumor activity of COE may be due to its effects against tumor angiogenesis by targeting the VEGF protein.展开更多
基金funded by the Scientific Research Innovation Program regarding Traditional Chinese Medicine of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine (Central mechanism of balanced acupuncture for lumbar disc herniationusing functional MRI), No. 09CX068
文摘Balanced acupuncture, a single-acupoint balance therapy, regulates the balance of the cerebral center, and is characterized by exerting quick effects and a short treatment course. A total of 20 low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation were treated with balanced acupuncture or body acupuncture. Central mechanisms of vaded acupunctures were compared using resting-state functional MRI. Patients from both groups received functional MRI before and after acupuncture. Functional connectivity in brain regions that were strongly associated with the bilatera amygdala was analyzed utilizing AFNI software. Visual analogue scale scores were greater in the balanced acupuncture group compared with the body acupuncture group. Function of the endogenous pain regulation network was enhanced in patients in the balanced acupuncture group, but was not changed in the body acupuncture group. This result indicates that the analgesic effects of body acupuncture do not work through the central nervous system. These data suggest that balanced acupuncture exerts analgesic effects on low-back and leg pain patients with lumbar disc herniation by regulating the function of the endogenous pain regulation network.
基金the Applied and Basic Scientific Research Fund of Yunnan Province,No.94C027Q.
文摘INTRODUCTION Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is closely relatedwith hepatitis and cirrhosis.In order to investigatethe pathogenesis and early pathologic diagnosis ofHCC,HCC and related lesions were analyzedqualitively and quantitively by automatic imageanalysor and immunohistochemical assay.
文摘Background: Anti-programmed death-1/programmed death-ligand 1(PD-1/PD-L1) immunotherapy has been proved to be effective on gastric cancer in ongoing clinical trials. However, the value of PD-L1 in predicting responses of patients with gastric cancer to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy is controversial. Some studies suggested that intra-and inter-tumoral heterogeneity of PD-L1 expression might explain the controversy.This study aimed to analyze the expression of PD-L1, PD-L2, and PD-1 as well as CD8(+) T-cell density in primary tumors and lymph nodes from patients with stage T1-4 N+M0 gastric adenocarcinoma to explore the heterogeneity of PD-1 signaling pathway molecules.Methods: In primary tumors and metastatic as well as non-metastatic lymph nodes from patients with stage T1-4 N+M0 gastric adenocarcinoma, we detected PD-L1 and PD-L2 expression with immunohistochemistry. CD8(+)T-cell density in primary tumors and PD-1 expression on CD8(+)T cells were detected with immunofluorescence. Univariate analysis was used to determine the prognostic values of them. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used to identify independent risk factors that affect patients' overall survival and disease-free survival.Results: Among 119 eligible patients who had undergone surgical resection, the positive rate of PD-L1 was higher in metastatic lymph nodes than in primary tumors(45.4% vs. 38.7%, P = 0.005); the positive rate of PD-1 on CD8(+)T cells was significantly higher in primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes than in tumor-free lymph nodes(both P < 0.001). The intensity of PD-1 expression on CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors and in metastatic lymph nodes were stronger than that in tumor-free lymph nodes from the same patient. Beside, the positive rate of PD-L2 did not show any differences between primary tumors and metastatic lymph nodes. In multivariate analysis, PD-L1 expression,PD-L2 expression, a low density of CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors, and PD-1 expression on CD8(+) T cells in primary tumors were associated with poor prognosis.Conclusion: The expression of PD-L1 is heterogeneous in primary tumors and in metastatic lymph nodes from patients with stageT1-4 N+M0 gastric adenocarcinoma, which might explain the inconsistent results in assessing the prognostic value of PD-L1 expression in previous studies.
基金a grant from the Major State Basic Research Development Program of China (973 Program),No.2006CB504500China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.20090460700the Science and Technology Plan Project of Shenzhen City,No.200902159
文摘A number of previous studies of acupuncture acupoint specificity have used sham acupoints, sham acupuncture or meridian acupoints at a great distance from each other as controls in functional MRI （fMRI） experiments. However, few studies have compared different meridian acupoints within the same segment, which are associated with similarly intense needle sensations. We performed fMRI on 12 healthy young volunteers and observed differences in brain activation elicited by acupuncture of the Taixi （KI 3） and Qiuxu （GB 40） acupoints. Acupuncture was applied at the Taixi and Qiuxu acupoints, using a multiple-block fMRI design with three blocks, involving three altemations of resting and task phases. After scanning, needle sensation was assessed. The behavioral results revealed that the subjective needle sensation was similar between the Taixiand Qiuxu acupoints. The fMRI results revealed that acupuncture at the right Taixi acupoint activated the right superior temporal gyrus （BA 22）, left middle frontal gyrus （BA 46） and inferior frontal gyrus （BA 45）, bilateral parietal lobe postcentral gyrus （BA 2）, right parietal lobe （BA 3）, and left parietal lobe （BA 40）. Acupuncture at the right Qiuxu acupoint activated the left superior temporal gyrus （BA 42）, right parietal lobe postcentral gyrus （BA 40, BA 43）, right inferior frontal gyrus （BA 47）, bilateral superior temporal gyrus （BA 22）, and right insula BA13. These results suggest that the right Taixiand Qiuxu acupoints activated different brain areas.
文摘Previous studies have shown that Zhichan powder elevated immunity and suppressed oxidation in mice. Rat models of Parkinson＇s disease were induced by stereotaxically injecting 6-hydroxydopamine into the substantia nigra. The rat models were intragastrically treated with Zhichan powder, which is composed of milkvetch root, ginseng, bunge swallowwort root, himalayan teasel root. Magnolia officinalis, Ligustrum lucidum Ait. and szechwan Iovage rhizome. Immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-PCR results demonstrated that mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas, caspase-8, cvtochrome C, Bax, casDase-3, and p53 significantly increased, but Bcl-2 expression significantly decreased in the substantia nigra of rats with Parkinson＇s disease. Following Zhichan powder administration, mRNA and protein expression of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1, Fas, caspase-8, cytochrome C, Bax, caspase-3, and p53 diminished, but Bcl-2 expression increased in the rat substantia nigra. These results indicate that Zhichan powder regulates signal transduction protein expression, inhibits apoptosis, and exerts therapeutic effects on Parkinson＇s disease.
文摘Objective： To identify the differences between cavitating squamous cell lung carcinoma （cSLC） and non-cavitating squamous cell lung carcinoma （ncSLC）. Methods： Fifty-one patients with cSLC and 281 with ncSLC confirmed by surgery in our hospital between 1999 to 2000 were collected and their clinical, histological and survival features were retrospectively ana（yzed. Results： Patients with cSLC had more frequent manifestation of infection and weight loss. They usually experienced longer duration of pre-diagnosis and showed bigger tumor mass, larger primary tumor invasion with worse differentiated than ncSLC patients. There was no significant difference in age, sex, smoking history, family tumor history, personal tuberculosis history, disease location, TNM stage, lymph node invasion, and metastasis between the two groups. Median survival time was 29 months for cSLC and 35 months for ncSLC. One- and 3- year survival rates were 86.3% and 43.1% for cSLC vs. 91.1% and 47,0% for ncSLC respectively （P〉0.05）. Conclusion： Patients with cSLC presented with a bigger mass, a larger extent of primary tumor invasion, worse differentiated, more obstructed pneumonia that might result in longer duration of pre-diagnosis and more weight loss. As lack of differences in disease stages, lymph node invasion, metastasis and especially survival time with ncSLC, cSLC couldn＇t be classified as a special type of squamous cell carcinoma by present evidences.
基金funded by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.81570666)International Society of Nephrology Clinical Research Program(Grant No.18-01-0247)+3 种基金Program of Jiangsu Clinical Research Center(Grant No.BL2014084)Jiangsu Province Key Medical Personnel Project(Grant No.ZDRCA2016002)CKD Anemia Research Foundation from China International Medical Foundation(Grant No.Z-2017-24-2037)Outstanding Young and Middle-aged Talents Support Program of the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University(Jiangsu Province Hospital).
文摘Nocardiosis manifests as an opportunistic infection,primarily affecting individuals who are immunocompromised and susceptible to the infection.We present a case study of one patient with nephrotic syndrome and membranous nephropathy,who underwent treatment with prednisone and cyclosporine in 2016.In early 2017,the patient was diagnosed with a"fungal infection"and discontinued the use of cyclosporine.After one month of anti-infection therapy,a cranial magnetic resonance imaging scan showed multiple abscesses in the right temporal region.The diagnosis of nocardiosis was confirmed based on the presence of metastatic abscess masses,multiple lung and brain lesions,and a positive culture of Nocardia in the drainage.We changed the anti-infection therapy to a combination of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole(TMP-SMX),minocycline,and voriconazole.However,the patient experienced a sudden cardiac arrest and subsequently recovered after cardiopulmonary resuscitation.During the five-month follow-up period following the discharge,the patient displayed an enhanced nutritional status and stable renal function.The focal infection ultimately resolved during the subsequent three years.Neuro-infection caused by Nocardia should be considered in immunocompromised patients,and TMP-SMX is the preferred initial therapy;however,because of the high mortality rate,a long-term combination therapy with imipenem,cefotaxime,amikacin,and TMP-SMX is suggested.
文摘Objective To investigate the pathologic diagnosis and ultrastructure features of primary pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC). MethodsRetrospective analysis was made on 37 cases of PC with histochemical stain and light microscopy observations. Transmission electron microscopy was performed on 19 cases. ResultsThree of 37 cases were confirmed by fine needle aspiration biopsy while the other 34 patients by open-chest exploratory operation.Pathologic findings: cryptococcosis neoformans (CN) were detected in all cases,2 with gelatinous lesions and 35 non-casating granuloma. The revealing rate of CN with the mucicarmine stain(MC),periodic acid-Schiff stain(PAS), alcian blue (AB) and Grocott methenamine-silver (GMS) was 85.2% (23/27), 97.3% (36/37), 64.9% (24/37) and 96.3% (26/27), respectively. All CNs detected by transmission electron microscopy had capsules and most of them possessed simple structure with undeveloped cellular organelles and cell cataplasia. Some CNs had cellular nucleus, nucleoli, mitochondria and vacuoles. The detective rate of CNs by transmission electron microscope was 89.5 % (17/19). ConclusionAbsent of specific clinical manifestations and radiographic features, fine needle aspiration biopsy and open biopsy remain the chief approaches in the diagnosis of PC. It could be further helpful by using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to make definitive diagnosis and differential diagnosis as well as MS, GMC and PAS histochemical staining.
基金Supported by Clinical Medicine Research and Translational Project of Anhui Province,No.202204295107020036 and No.202304295107020076the Science and Technology Innovation Guidance Project of Bengbu City,No.20200338.
文摘BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage(SAH)is associated with high incidence of anxiety and depression disorders(27%-54%and 20%-42%,respectively),significantly affecting patient quality of life.However,the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying post-SAH emotional disorders remain poorly understood,limiting targeted therapeutic interventions.AIM To identify potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets through comprehensive analysis of behavioral,neuroimaging,and inflammatory parameters in a rat SAH model.METHODS We established a rat SAH model using cisternal injection of autologous blood and conducted comprehensive assessments including behavioral tests(elevated plus maze,forced swimming test,sucrose preference test),diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),and inflammatory factor detection.Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into sham and SAH groups,with evaluations performed at multiple time points(1 hour to 72 hours post-hemorrhage).DTI parameters including fractional anisotropy(FA)and apparent diffusion coefficient were measured in limbic-prefrontal circuits.Serum and cerebrospinal fluid inflammatory markers[interleukin-6(IL-6),IL-1β,tumor necrosis factor-α]were quantified using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.RESULTS SAH rats exhibited significant anxiety-like and depression-like behaviors at 12 hours,which further deteriorated at 24 hours(open arm time:30.3±4.7 seconds vs 82.1±8.3 seconds in controls,P<0.01;immobility time:136.5±12.7 seconds vs 78.3±9.2 seconds in controls,P<0.01).DTI analysis revealed progressive white matter microstructural damage,with hippocampus-prefrontal FA values decreasing by 21.8%and amygdala-prefrontal FA values by 20.3%at 24 hours(P<0.001).Apparent diffusion coefficient values significantly decreased at 12 hours,indicating cellular edema.Inflammatory markers showed marked elevation,with stronger correlations between cerebrospinal fluid IL-1βand behavioral changes(r=0.72-0.81,P<0.001).CONCLUSION This study demonstrates that post-SAH emotional disorders result from a temporal cascade involving early neuroinflammation and progressive limbic-prefrontal circuit microstructural damage.
基金the Italian Ministry of Education,University and Research(MIUR),scientific research programs of relevant national interest year 2010-2011,No.2010C4JJWB
文摘BACKGROUND In non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD),a high-fat or high-fructose diet increases intestinal permeability and promotes derangement of the gut-liver axis.We hypothesize that,diet could be able to modulate intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD.AIM To detect diet-induced modification of intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD undergoing a Mediterranean diet or a low-fat diet.METHODS The current study was a dietary intervention for non-diabetic,patients with biopsy-verified NAFLD and increased transaminases.A crossover design was employed:participants underwent 16 weeks of Mediterranean diet,16 wk of free wash-out,and 16 weeks of low-fat diet.Both diets were hypocaloric and no consumption of supplements was allowed.All patients were followed bimonthly by a dietitian.Evaluations of clinical and metabolic parameters were completed at baseline and at the end of each dietary period.Intestinal permeability was assessed by chromium-51 ethylene diamine tetraacetate excretion testing(51 CrEDTA).RESULTS Twenty Caucasian patients,90%male,median age 43 years,body mass index(BMI)30.9,with biopsy-verified NAFLD were enrolled.At the end of 16 weeks of a Mediterranean diet,a significant reduction in mean body weight(-5.3±4.1 kg,P=0.003),mean waist circumference(-7.9±4.9 cm,P=0.001),and mean transaminase levels[alanine aminotransferase(ALT)-28.3±11.9 IU/L,P=0.0001;aspartate aminotransferase(AST)-6.4±56.3 IU/L,P=0.01]were observed.These benefits were maintained after 16 wk of wash-out and also after16 wk of low-fat diet,without further improvements.Fourteen of the 20 patients had intestinal permeability alteration at baseline(mean percentage retention of51 Cr-EDTA=5.4%),but no significant changes in intestinal permeability were observed at the end of the 16 wk of the Mediterranean diet or 16 wk of the low-fat diet.CONCLUSION Mediterranean diet is an effective strategy for treating overweight,visceral obesity and serum transaminase in patients with NAFLD.If the Mediterranean diet can improve intestinal permeability in patients with NAFLD,it deserves further investigation.
文摘BACKGROUND Germ cell tumors(GCTs)account for 2%of human malignancies but are the most common malignant tumors among males aged 15-35.Since 1983,an association between mediastinal GCT(MGCT)and hematologic malignancies has been recognized.CASE SUMMARY We report a case in which malignant histiocytosis was associated with mediastinal GCTs.The clinical data of a male patient with MGCT admitted to Beijing Children's Hospital were collected retrospectively.The patient was first diagnosed according to imaging and pathological features as having MGCT,and was treated with surgery and chemotherapy.One year after stopping chemotherapy,imaging showed metastases in the right supraclavicular,mediastinum,hilar region and retroperitoneal lymph node,right pleura,right lung,and right para-cardiac margin.Pathological diagnosis of the liver nodular and hilar lymph nodes included systemic juvenile xanthogranuloma and Rosai-Dorfman lesions with malignant transformation(i.e.,morphological characteristics and immunophenotype of histiocytic sarcoma).Following diagnosis,the patient accepted chemotherapy with vindesine,cytarabine and dexamethasone.Positron emission tomography–computed tomography showed partial remission.The patient was followed-up for 10 mo after the diagnosis of malignant histiocytosis,and no sign of progression or relapse was observed.CONCLUSION Physicians should recognize the possibility of hematologic malignancies being associated with MGCT.Suitable sites should be selected for pathological examination.
基金supported by a grant from Science and Technology Committee of Guangdong(No.2010B060900093)a grant from Educational Commission of Guangzhou(No.10A196)
文摘Sclerosing epithelioid fibrosarcoma(SEF)is a rare and poorly defined variant of fibrosarcoma,but generally insensitive to chemotherapy and progresses with poor prognosis.We report the marvelous effect of irinotecan hydrochloride(CPT-11)chemotherapy in rescuing a patient with atypical SEF from emergent condition,who underwent recurrences after several treatment methods.Small dose of CPT-11 was administered to the patient,with which,the size of superficial mass(cervical lymph node)gradually decreased observed by the naked eyes in 5 days.X-ray and CT image proved a marked reduction in the size of the tumor.CPT-11 is valuable for the treatment of this aggressive sarcoma.In condition of emergency caused by sarcoma oppression,administering a tolerable small dose of topoisomerase I-inhibiting drug could be a beneficial choice.
基金Plans of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province to Postgraduate Research and Innovation(CX09B-321Z)State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of P.R.China(04-05ZP35)
文摘Objective To examine the immunoregulation of Celastrus orbiculatus extracts(COE),a traditional Chinese medicine,on maturation and function of dendritic cells(DCs)in vitro and in vivo.Methods In vitro,after treated with COE in different nontoxic concentrations(0,10,20,40,80,and 160μg/mL)for 5 d,the surface immunological molecules and cytokine secretion of mice bone marrow-derived DCs in response to COE were analyzed by flow cytometric analysis(FACS)and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA),respectively.In vivo,mouse hepatoma cells(Hepa1-6,1×106)were injected sc and were treated with different dosages of COE(10,20 or 40 mg/kg/d).Effects on tumor growth were determined by tumor volume and histology analysis after 28 d administration of COE.The relative proportions of mature DCs and CD8+T cells were measured in mononuclear cells that had been isolated from spleen by FACS.Results COE stimulated IL-2 and IFN-γsecretion of DCs,simultaneously enhanced the maturation of DCs by enhancing immunological molecule(CD40,CD80,CD86,H-2Kb,and I-Ab)expression in a dose-dependent manner.Furthermore,the chemotactic responses of DCs were significantly higher in COE-treated than untreated DCs,in association with higher chemokine receptor 7 expression.Furthermore,COE increased DCs produce IFN-γand IL-2 in a dose-dependent manner when the concentration of COE less than 40μg/mL,decreased DCs produce IL-10 and IL-4 also in a dose-dependent manner.In in vivo studies,COE can not only suppress growth of malignant hepatocellular carcinomas but also stimulate maturation of DCs,associated with strongly enhanced CD8+CTL responses.Conclusion These data provide new insight into the mechanism of action of COE and indicate that the stimulation of maturation and function of DCs by COE contributes to its immunoregulatory effects.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 82001895 and 82072074)Joint Funds of Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Fujian Province (grant number 2020Y9064) .
文摘Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field. As an important technological advancement, three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction transforms traditional two-dimensional images into 3D images that are more consistent with the physiological habits of human eyes. It has been applied to the bones, heart, liver, and maxillofacial area, promoting the progress of medical technology and surgeons. This article introduces the progress of 3D reconstruction technology in the clinical application of pancreatic surgery, from the preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative perspectives, as well as the education of young surgeons. It also puts forward new ideas for the further development of pancreatic surgery.
基金This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.8200189582072074)the Joint Funds of Scientific and Technological Innovation Program of Fujian Province(grant number 2020Y9064).
文摘Progress in medicine requires not only innovation and development in the medical field but also the integration of the technology of other fields into the medical field.As an important technological advancement,three-dimensional(3D)reconstruction transforms traditional two-dimensional images into 3D images that are more consistent with the physiological habits of human eyes.It has been applied to the bones,heart,liver,and maxillofacial area,promoting the progress of medical technology and surgeons.This paper introduces the progress of 3D reconstruction technology in the clinical application of pancreatic surgery,from the preoperative,intraoperative,and postoperative perspectives,as well as the education of young surgeons.It also puts forward new ideas for the further development of pancreatic surgery.
基金Funded by the European UnionThe Al4AGRl project entitled"Romanian Excellence Center on Artificial Intelligence on Earth Observation Data for Agriculture"received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation program under grant agreement no.101079136Al4AGRl project received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme[101079136].
文摘Artifi cial intelligence and data analysis are essential in smart agriculture for enhancing crop productivity and food security.However,progress in this field is often limited by the lack of specialized,error-free labeled datasets.This paper introduces DAClA5,a multispectral image dataset for agricultural crop identification,complemented with Sentinel-1 radar data.The dataset consists of 172 Sentinel-2 multispectral images(800×450 pixels)and 159 Sentinel-1 radar images,collected over Braov,Romania,from 2020 to 2024,with precise,in-situ verified labels.Additionally,6,454 Sentinel-2 and 5,995 Sentinel-1 rectangular patches(32 x 32 pixels)were extracted,exceeding 6 million pixels in total.The cropland parcels considered in our dataset are used for research and are owned and cultivated by the National Institute of Research and Development for Potato and Sugar Beet,ensuring error-free labeling.The labels in our dataset provide detailed information about crop types,offering insights into crop distribution,growth stages,and phenological events.Furthermore,we present a comprehensive dataset analysis and two key use cases:crop identifi cation based on a"past vs.present"approach and early crop identification during the agricultural season.
基金Supported by Plans of Colleges and Universities in Jiangsu Province to Postgraduate Research and Innovation(No.CX09B-321Z)State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine of People's Republic of China(No.04-05ZP35)
文摘Objective： Ce/astrus orbicu/atus Thunb. has been used for thousands of years in China as a remedy against cancer and inflammatory diseases. This study aims to investigate whether C. orbiculatus extract （COE） could inhibit angiogenesis, which is the pivotal step in tumor growth, invasiveness, and metastasis. Methods： In this study, the extract from the stem of C. orbiculatus was used. Mouse hepatic carcinoma cells （Hepat-6） were treated with COE in different nontoxic concentrations （10, 20, 40, 80, and 160 μg/mL）. The mRNA and protein expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） were detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction （RT-PCR） and Western blot, respectively; the active fractions were further tested on C57BL/6 mice and human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVEC） for any antiangiogenic effects. Results： COE significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis in Hepal-6 cells and inhibited VEGF expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, this agent inhibited the formation of the capillary-like structure in primary cultured HUVEC in a dose-dependent manner. In vivo, COE significantly reduced the volume and weight of solid tumors with low adverse effects and decreased tumor angiogenesis. Conclusions： In summary, COE could be used to treat hepatic carcinoma. The mechanisms of the antitumor activity of COE may be due to its effects against tumor angiogenesis by targeting the VEGF protein.
