Internet-based process control is becoming new generations of control systems, in which the Internet is used as a platform for global remote monitoring and control. The obvious benefit is to enable global collaboratio...Internet-based process control is becoming new generations of control systems, in which the Internet is used as a platform for global remote monitoring and control. The obvious benefit is to enable global collaboration between operators from geographically dispersed locations, data sharing and data provision for remote monitoring and control. However, connection to an open network and the use of universal technology present new problems that did not exist with the conventional design and construction of control systems, such as time delay and data loss in Internet transmission and security. This paper reviews the latest research results and presents design guidance of Internet based monitoring and control systems.展开更多
In this paper, we address the demanding task of developing intelligent systems equippedwith machine creativity that can perform design tasks automatically. The main challenge is howto model human beings creativity mat...In this paper, we address the demanding task of developing intelligent systems equippedwith machine creativity that can perform design tasks automatically. The main challenge is howto model human beings creativity mathematically and mimic such creativity computationally. Wepropose a “synthesis reasoning model” as the underlying mechanism to simulate human beingscreative thinking when they are handling design tasks. We present the theory of the synthesisreasoning model, and the detailed procedure of designing an intelligent system based on the model.We o?er a case study of an intelligent Chinese calligraphy generation system which we have developed.Based on implementation experiences of the calligraphy generation system as well as a few othersystems for solving real-world problems, we suggest a generic methodology for constructing intelligentsystems using the synthesis reasoning model.展开更多
Robot learning in unstructured environments has been proved to be an extremely challenging problem, mainly because of many uncertainties always present in the real world. Human beings, on the other hand, seem to cope ...Robot learning in unstructured environments has been proved to be an extremely challenging problem, mainly because of many uncertainties always present in the real world. Human beings, on the other hand, seem to cope very well with uncertain and unpredictable environments, often relying on perception-based information. Furthermore, humans beings can also utilize perceptions to guide their learning on those parts of the perception-action space that are actually relevant to the task. Therefore, we conduct a research aimed at improving robot learning through the incorporation of both perception-based and measurement-based information. For this reason, a fuzzy reinforcement learning (FRL) agent is proposed in this paper. Based on a neural-fuzzy architecture, different kinds of information can be incorporated into the FRL agent to initialise its action network, critic network and evaluation feedback module so as to accelerate its learning. By making use of the global optimisation capability of GAs (genetic algorithms), a GA-based FRL (GAFRL) agent is presented to solve the local minima problem in traditional actor-critic reinforcement learning. On the other hand, with the prediction capability of the critic network, GAs can perform a more effective global search. Different GAFRL agents are constructed and verified by using the simulation model of a physical biped robot. The simulation analysis shows that the biped learning rate for dynamic balance can be improved by incorporating perception-based information on biped balancing and walking evaluation. The biped robot can find its application in ocean exploration, detection or sea rescue activity, as well as military maritime activity.展开更多
In this paper, we present a quotient space approximation model of multiresolution signal analysis and discuss the properties and characteristics of the model. Then the comparison between wavelet transform and the quot...In this paper, we present a quotient space approximation model of multiresolution signal analysis and discuss the properties and characteristics of the model. Then the comparison between wavelet transform and the quotient space approximation is made. First, when wavelet transform is viewed from the new quotient space approximation perspective, it may help us to gain an insight into the essence of multiresolution signal analysis. Second, from the similarity between wavelet and quotient space approximations, it is possible to transfer the rich wavelet techniques into the latter so that a new way for multiresolution analysis may be found.展开更多
Given the number and variety of methods used for handwriting recognition, ithas been shown that there is no single method that can be called the ''best''. In recent years, thecombination of different c...Given the number and variety of methods used for handwriting recognition, ithas been shown that there is no single method that can be called the ''best''. In recent years, thecombination of different classifiers and the use of contextual information have become major areasof interest in improving recognition results. This paper addresses a case study on the combinationof multiple classifiers and the integration of syntactic level information for the recognition ofhandwritten Arabic literal amounts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time either ofthese methods has been applied to Arabic word recognition. Using three individual classifiers withhigh level global features, we performed word recognition experiments. A parallel combination methodwas tested for all possible configuration cases of the three chosen classifiers. A syntacticanalyzer makes a final decision on the candidate words generated by the best configuration scheme.The effectiveness of contextual knowledge integration in our application is Arabicconfirmed by theobtained results.展开更多
In this paper, illumination-affine invariant methods are presented based onaffine moment normalization techniques, Zernike moments, and multiband correlation functions. Themethods are suitable for the illumination inv...In this paper, illumination-affine invariant methods are presented based onaffine moment normalization techniques, Zernike moments, and multiband correlation functions. Themethods are suitable for the illumination invariant recognition of 3D color texture. Complex valuedmoments (i.e., Zernike moments) and affine moment normalization are used in the derivation ofillumination affine invariants where the real valued affine moment invariants fail to provide affineinvariants that are independent of illumination changes. Three different moment normalizationmethods have been used, two of which are based on affine moment normalization technique and thethird is based on reducing the affine transformation to a Euclidian transform. It is shown that fora change of illumination and orientation, the affinely normalized Zernike moment matrices arerelated by a linear transform. Experimental results are obtained in two tests: the first is usedwith textures of outdoor scenes while the second is performed on the well-known CUReT texturedatabase. Both tests show high recognition efficiency of the proposed recognition methods.展开更多
The Arabic Language has a very rich vocabulary. More than 200 million peoplespeak this language as their native speaking, and over 1 billion people use it in severalreligion-related activities. In this paper a new tec...The Arabic Language has a very rich vocabulary. More than 200 million peoplespeak this language as their native speaking, and over 1 billion people use it in severalreligion-related activities. In this paper a new technique is presented for recognizing printedArabic characters. After a word is segmented, each character/word is entirely transformed into afeature vector. The features of printed Arabic characters include strokes and bays in variousdirections, endpoints, intersection points, loops, dots and zigzags. The word skeleton is decomposedinto a number of links in orthographic order, and then it is transferred into a sequence of symbolsusing vector quantization. Single hidden Markov model has been used for recognizing the printedArabic characters. Experimental results show that the high recognition rate depends on the number ofstates in each sample.展开更多
In this paper, an optimum tactic of multi-grid parallel algorithmwith virtual boundary forecast method is disscussed, and a two-stage implementationis presented. The numerical results of solving a non-linear heat tran...In this paper, an optimum tactic of multi-grid parallel algorithmwith virtual boundary forecast method is disscussed, and a two-stage implementationis presented. The numerical results of solving a non-linear heat transfer equationshow that the optimum implementation is much better than the non-optimum one.展开更多
The design of user friendly and expressive virtual brush systems for interactive digital painting and calligraphy has attracted a lot of attention and effort in both computer graphics and human-computer interaction ci...The design of user friendly and expressive virtual brush systems for interactive digital painting and calligraphy has attracted a lot of attention and effort in both computer graphics and human-computer interaction circles for a long time. Providing a digital environment for paper-less artwork creation is not only challenging in terms of algorithmic design, but also promising for its potential market values. This paper proposes a novel algorithmic framework for interactive digital painting and calligraphy based a novel virtual hairy brush model. The algorithms in the kernel of our simulation framework are built upon solid modeling techniques. Implementing the algorithms, we have developed a virtual hairy brush prototype system with which end users can interactively produce high-quality digital paintings and calligraphic artwork. (The latest progress of our virtual brush project is reported at the website “http://www.cs.hku.hk/~songhua/e-brush/”.)展开更多
An encoding method has a direct effect on the quality and the representationof the discovered knowledge in data mining systems. Biological macromolecules are encoded by stringsof characters, called primary structures....An encoding method has a direct effect on the quality and the representationof the discovered knowledge in data mining systems. Biological macromolecules are encoded by stringsof characters, called primary structures. Knowing that data mining systems usually use relationaltables to encode data, we have then to re-encode these strings and transform them into relationaltables. In this paper, we do a comparative study of the existing static encoding methods, that arebased on the Biologist know-how, and our new dynamic encoding one, that is based on the constructionof Discriminant and Minimal Substrings (DMS). Different classification methods are used to do thisstudy. The experimental results show that our dynamic encoding method is more efficient than thestatic ones, to encode biological macromolecules within a data mining perspective.展开更多
We propose a fault-tolerant tree-based multicast algorithm for 2-dimensional (2-D) meshes based on the concept of the extended safety level which is a vector associated with each node to capture fault information in t...We propose a fault-tolerant tree-based multicast algorithm for 2-dimensional (2-D) meshes based on the concept of the extended safety level which is a vector associated with each node to capture fault information in the neighborhood. In this approach each destination is reached through a minimum number of hops. In order to minimize the total number of traffic steps, three heuristic strategies are proposed. This approach can be easily implemented by pipelined circuit switching (PCS). A simulation study is conducted to measure the total number of traffic steps under different strategies. Our approach is the first attempt to address the fault- tolerant tree-based multicast problem in 2-D meshes based on limited global information with a simple model and succinct information.展开更多
Engineering application domains need database management systems to supply them with a good means of modeling, a high data access efficiency and a language interface with strong functionality. This paper presents a se...Engineering application domains need database management systems to supply them with a good means of modeling, a high data access efficiency and a language interface with strong functionality. This paper presents a semantic hypergraph model based on relations, in order to express many-to-many relations among objects belonging to defferent semanic classes in engineering applications. A management mechanism expressed by the model and the basic data of engineering databases are managed in main memory. Especially, different objects are linked by different kinds of semantics defined by users, therefore the table swap, the record swap and some unnecessary examinations are reduced and the access efficiency of the engineering data is increased.C language interface that includes some generic and special functionality is proposed for closer connection with application programs.展开更多
This paper introduces a skeleton-based approach of automatically gener-ating DENG-XIAN, YUAN-TOU and HU-PO typefaces and discusses somealgorithms used in generating these fonts.
A Mendelsohn triple system of order v,MTS(v)for short,is a pair(X,B)where X is a v-set(of points)and B is a collection of cyclic triples on X such that every ordered pair of distinct points from X appears in exactly o...A Mendelsohn triple system of order v,MTS(v)for short,is a pair(X,B)where X is a v-set(of points)and B is a collection of cyclic triples on X such that every ordered pair of distinct points from X appears in exactly one cyclic triple of B.The cyclic triple(a,b,c)contains the ordered pairs(a,b),(b,c)and(c,a).An MTS(v)corresponds to an idempotent semisymmetric Latin square (quasigroup)of order v.An MTS(v)is called frame self-orthogonal,FSOMTS for short,if its associated semisymmetric Latin square is frame self-orthogonal.It is known that an FSOMTS(1~n)exists for all n≡1(mod 3)except n=10 and for all n≥15,n≡0(mod 3)with possible exception that n=18.In this paper,it is shown that(i)an FSOMTS(2~n)exists if and only if n≡0,1(mod 3)and n>5 with possible exceptions n ∈{9,27,33,39};(ii)an FSOMTS(3~n)exists if and only if n≥4,with possible exceptions that n ∈{6,14,18,19}.展开更多
The Standard Template Library (STL) is a C++ library that provides a set of wellstructured generic C++ components that work together. Based on its well-structured design, STL can be extended by adding new generic algo...The Standard Template Library (STL) is a C++ library that provides a set of wellstructured generic C++ components that work together. Based on its well-structured design, STL can be extended by adding new generic algorithms or new generic containers. In this paper, the work on extending STL by adding several efficient cofitainer classes for threaded binary search trees is discussed. It is shown that the addition of threads signilicantly increases the efficiency of some important access operations on the binary tree containers. In general, significant gain in efficiency can be expected in situations where the data structures are relatively stable, that is, the data structures are looked up often but modified little.展开更多
基金Supported by the Engineering and Physical Science Research Council in the UK
文摘Internet-based process control is becoming new generations of control systems, in which the Internet is used as a platform for global remote monitoring and control. The obvious benefit is to enable global collaboration between operators from geographically dispersed locations, data sharing and data provision for remote monitoring and control. However, connection to an open network and the use of universal technology present new problems that did not exist with the conventional design and construction of control systems, such as time delay and data loss in Internet transmission and security. This paper reviews the latest research results and presents design guidance of Internet based monitoring and control systems.
文摘In this paper, we address the demanding task of developing intelligent systems equippedwith machine creativity that can perform design tasks automatically. The main challenge is howto model human beings creativity mathematically and mimic such creativity computationally. Wepropose a “synthesis reasoning model” as the underlying mechanism to simulate human beingscreative thinking when they are handling design tasks. We present the theory of the synthesisreasoning model, and the detailed procedure of designing an intelligent system based on the model.We o?er a case study of an intelligent Chinese calligraphy generation system which we have developed.Based on implementation experiences of the calligraphy generation system as well as a few othersystems for solving real-world problems, we suggest a generic methodology for constructing intelligentsystems using the synthesis reasoning model.
文摘Robot learning in unstructured environments has been proved to be an extremely challenging problem, mainly because of many uncertainties always present in the real world. Human beings, on the other hand, seem to cope very well with uncertain and unpredictable environments, often relying on perception-based information. Furthermore, humans beings can also utilize perceptions to guide their learning on those parts of the perception-action space that are actually relevant to the task. Therefore, we conduct a research aimed at improving robot learning through the incorporation of both perception-based and measurement-based information. For this reason, a fuzzy reinforcement learning (FRL) agent is proposed in this paper. Based on a neural-fuzzy architecture, different kinds of information can be incorporated into the FRL agent to initialise its action network, critic network and evaluation feedback module so as to accelerate its learning. By making use of the global optimisation capability of GAs (genetic algorithms), a GA-based FRL (GAFRL) agent is presented to solve the local minima problem in traditional actor-critic reinforcement learning. On the other hand, with the prediction capability of the critic network, GAs can perform a more effective global search. Different GAFRL agents are constructed and verified by using the simulation model of a physical biped robot. The simulation analysis shows that the biped learning rate for dynamic balance can be improved by incorporating perception-based information on biped balancing and walking evaluation. The biped robot can find its application in ocean exploration, detection or sea rescue activity, as well as military maritime activity.
文摘In this paper, we present a quotient space approximation model of multiresolution signal analysis and discuss the properties and characteristics of the model. Then the comparison between wavelet transform and the quotient space approximation is made. First, when wavelet transform is viewed from the new quotient space approximation perspective, it may help us to gain an insight into the essence of multiresolution signal analysis. Second, from the similarity between wavelet and quotient space approximations, it is possible to transfer the rich wavelet techniques into the latter so that a new way for multiresolution analysis may be found.
文摘Given the number and variety of methods used for handwriting recognition, ithas been shown that there is no single method that can be called the ''best''. In recent years, thecombination of different classifiers and the use of contextual information have become major areasof interest in improving recognition results. This paper addresses a case study on the combinationof multiple classifiers and the integration of syntactic level information for the recognition ofhandwritten Arabic literal amounts. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time either ofthese methods has been applied to Arabic word recognition. Using three individual classifiers withhigh level global features, we performed word recognition experiments. A parallel combination methodwas tested for all possible configuration cases of the three chosen classifiers. A syntacticanalyzer makes a final decision on the candidate words generated by the best configuration scheme.The effectiveness of contextual knowledge integration in our application is Arabicconfirmed by theobtained results.
基金Sino-French Program of Advanced Research under，上海市科委资助项目
文摘In this paper, illumination-affine invariant methods are presented based onaffine moment normalization techniques, Zernike moments, and multiband correlation functions. Themethods are suitable for the illumination invariant recognition of 3D color texture. Complex valuedmoments (i.e., Zernike moments) and affine moment normalization are used in the derivation ofillumination affine invariants where the real valued affine moment invariants fail to provide affineinvariants that are independent of illumination changes. Three different moment normalizationmethods have been used, two of which are based on affine moment normalization technique and thethird is based on reducing the affine transformation to a Euclidian transform. It is shown that fora change of illumination and orientation, the affinely normalized Zernike moment matrices arerelated by a linear transform. Experimental results are obtained in two tests: the first is usedwith textures of outdoor scenes while the second is performed on the well-known CUReT texturedatabase. Both tests show high recognition efficiency of the proposed recognition methods.
文摘The Arabic Language has a very rich vocabulary. More than 200 million peoplespeak this language as their native speaking, and over 1 billion people use it in severalreligion-related activities. In this paper a new technique is presented for recognizing printedArabic characters. After a word is segmented, each character/word is entirely transformed into afeature vector. The features of printed Arabic characters include strokes and bays in variousdirections, endpoints, intersection points, loops, dots and zigzags. The word skeleton is decomposedinto a number of links in orthographic order, and then it is transferred into a sequence of symbolsusing vector quantization. Single hidden Markov model has been used for recognizing the printedArabic characters. Experimental results show that the high recognition rate depends on the number ofstates in each sample.
文摘In this paper, an optimum tactic of multi-grid parallel algorithmwith virtual boundary forecast method is disscussed, and a two-stage implementationis presented. The numerical results of solving a non-linear heat transfer equationshow that the optimum implementation is much better than the non-optimum one.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.60402010)the National“973 Plan"(Grant No.2002CB312106).
文摘The design of user friendly and expressive virtual brush systems for interactive digital painting and calligraphy has attracted a lot of attention and effort in both computer graphics and human-computer interaction circles for a long time. Providing a digital environment for paper-less artwork creation is not only challenging in terms of algorithmic design, but also promising for its potential market values. This paper proposes a novel algorithmic framework for interactive digital painting and calligraphy based a novel virtual hairy brush model. The algorithms in the kernel of our simulation framework are built upon solid modeling techniques. Implementing the algorithms, we have developed a virtual hairy brush prototype system with which end users can interactively produce high-quality digital paintings and calligraphic artwork. (The latest progress of our virtual brush project is reported at the website “http://www.cs.hku.hk/~songhua/e-brush/”.)
文摘An encoding method has a direct effect on the quality and the representationof the discovered knowledge in data mining systems. Biological macromolecules are encoded by stringsof characters, called primary structures. Knowing that data mining systems usually use relationaltables to encode data, we have then to re-encode these strings and transform them into relationaltables. In this paper, we do a comparative study of the existing static encoding methods, that arebased on the Biologist know-how, and our new dynamic encoding one, that is based on the constructionof Discriminant and Minimal Substrings (DMS). Different classification methods are used to do thisstudy. The experimental results show that our dynamic encoding method is more efficient than thestatic ones, to encode biological macromolecules within a data mining perspective.
基金NSF of USA under grant CCR 99O0646 and grant ANI 0073736.
文摘We propose a fault-tolerant tree-based multicast algorithm for 2-dimensional (2-D) meshes based on the concept of the extended safety level which is a vector associated with each node to capture fault information in the neighborhood. In this approach each destination is reached through a minimum number of hops. In order to minimize the total number of traffic steps, three heuristic strategies are proposed. This approach can be easily implemented by pipelined circuit switching (PCS). A simulation study is conducted to measure the total number of traffic steps under different strategies. Our approach is the first attempt to address the fault- tolerant tree-based multicast problem in 2-D meshes based on limited global information with a simple model and succinct information.
文摘Engineering application domains need database management systems to supply them with a good means of modeling, a high data access efficiency and a language interface with strong functionality. This paper presents a semantic hypergraph model based on relations, in order to express many-to-many relations among objects belonging to defferent semanic classes in engineering applications. A management mechanism expressed by the model and the basic data of engineering databases are managed in main memory. Especially, different objects are linked by different kinds of semantics defined by users, therefore the table swap, the record swap and some unnecessary examinations are reduced and the access efficiency of the engineering data is increased.C language interface that includes some generic and special functionality is proposed for closer connection with application programs.
文摘This paper introduces a skeleton-based approach of automatically gener-ating DENG-XIAN, YUAN-TOU and HU-PO typefaces and discusses somealgorithms used in generating these fonts.
基金Research supported by NSFC 10371002Partially supported by National Science Foundation under Grant CCR-0098093
文摘A Mendelsohn triple system of order v,MTS(v)for short,is a pair(X,B)where X is a v-set(of points)and B is a collection of cyclic triples on X such that every ordered pair of distinct points from X appears in exactly one cyclic triple of B.The cyclic triple(a,b,c)contains the ordered pairs(a,b),(b,c)and(c,a).An MTS(v)corresponds to an idempotent semisymmetric Latin square (quasigroup)of order v.An MTS(v)is called frame self-orthogonal,FSOMTS for short,if its associated semisymmetric Latin square is frame self-orthogonal.It is known that an FSOMTS(1~n)exists for all n≡1(mod 3)except n=10 and for all n≥15,n≡0(mod 3)with possible exception that n=18.In this paper,it is shown that(i)an FSOMTS(2~n)exists if and only if n≡0,1(mod 3)and n>5 with possible exceptions n ∈{9,27,33,39};(ii)an FSOMTS(3~n)exists if and only if n≥4,with possible exceptions that n ∈{6,14,18,19}.
文摘The Standard Template Library (STL) is a C++ library that provides a set of wellstructured generic C++ components that work together. Based on its well-structured design, STL can be extended by adding new generic algorithms or new generic containers. In this paper, the work on extending STL by adding several efficient cofitainer classes for threaded binary search trees is discussed. It is shown that the addition of threads signilicantly increases the efficiency of some important access operations on the binary tree containers. In general, significant gain in efficiency can be expected in situations where the data structures are relatively stable, that is, the data structures are looked up often but modified little.
