对新疆沙漠高速公路服务区建筑进行热舒适性分析与节能研究。以克拉美丽服务区为研究对象,在2023年最热月份7月进行热环境试验和热舒适调查,结果表明:服务区室内外温差很大,在15~26℃之间;室内温度普遍偏高,大厅、超市、餐厅和卫生间满...对新疆沙漠高速公路服务区建筑进行热舒适性分析与节能研究。以克拉美丽服务区为研究对象,在2023年最热月份7月进行热环境试验和热舒适调查,结果表明:服务区室内外温差很大,在15~26℃之间;室内温度普遍偏高,大厅、超市、餐厅和卫生间满足热舒适要求的时间比例分别为8.3%、5.8%、22.5%与48.3%;夏季服务区室内热舒适不满足要求。为了提高室内舒适度和减少能源消耗,选用DeST-C软件进行能耗模拟和节能模拟研究,探究该建筑的能耗影响因素,基于ASHRAE Standard 55—2017标准建立热舒适模型,在调研时发现不同年龄段中,41岁及以上游客室内中度热舒适度和热感觉比例最高;通过热舒适模型进行预测,预测服务区热中性温度25.25℃,实测热中性温度为26.35℃,预测临界上限温度为27.04℃,实测临界温度上限为29.32℃;当室内使用实测临界上限温度29.32℃时,夏季空调能耗降低21.8%,当空调系统选用全空气变风量系统时,能耗亦可显著降低,节能率达到64.7%;进一步分析显热回收装置的节能潜力表明:当夏季室外温度高于28.48℃或冬季低于15.93℃时开启该装置,单位面积节能量可达6.1 kW·h·m^(-2)。展开更多
As the new generation of low Earth orbit(LEO)satellite communication systems begins to provide high-speed broadband access services to areas without terrestrial cellular coverage,scholars both domestically and interna...As the new generation of low Earth orbit(LEO)satellite communication systems begins to provide high-speed broadband access services to areas without terrestrial cellular coverage,scholars both domestically and internationally are reassessing the relationship between satellite and ground communications in regions prone to warfare and sparsely populated areas.Especially after the launch of Starlink’s“Direct to Cell”service,many believe that new-generation LEO satellite communication systems may not just be a supplement to terrestrial networks in the future.Presently,the discourse surrounding satellite-terrestrial network technology predominantly centers on economic costs and user acceptance,with a noticeable gap in research that addresses green communication and sustainable development.This paper,therefore,aims to fill this void by modeling the energy consumption of LEO satellite communication systems,exemplified by Starlink,and juxtaposing it with that of terrestrial networks.Our findings indicate that the energy consumption of satellite communication systems,such as Starlink,is a staggering 32.9 times higher than that of ground base station clusters in remote regions and an astonishing 715 times greater in densely populated urban areas.Although satellite communication systems hold the promise of global coverage,their standalone construction without integration with terrestrial networks could lead to significant energy waste.展开更多
Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)plays an important role in medical diagnosis,generating petabytes of image data annually in large hospitals.This voluminous data stream requires a significant amount of network bandwidth...Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)plays an important role in medical diagnosis,generating petabytes of image data annually in large hospitals.This voluminous data stream requires a significant amount of network bandwidth and extensive storage infrastructure.Additionally,local data processing demands substantial manpower and hardware investments.Data isolation across different healthcare institutions hinders crossinstitutional collaboration in clinics and research.In this work,we anticipate an innovative MRI system and its four generations that integrate emerging distributed cloud computing,6G bandwidth,edge computing,federated learning,and blockchain technology.This system is called Cloud-MRI,aiming at solving the problems of MRI data storage security,transmission speed,artificial intelligence(AI)algorithm maintenance,hardware upgrading,and collaborative work.The workflow commences with the transformation of k-space raw data into the standardized Imaging Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Raw Data(ISMRMRD)format.Then,the data are uploaded to the cloud or edge nodes for fast image reconstruction,neural network training,and automatic analysis.Then,the outcomes are seamlessly transmitted to clinics or research institutes for diagnosis and other services.The Cloud-MRI system will save the raw imaging data,reduce the risk of data loss,facilitate inter-institutional medical collaboration,and finally improve diagnostic accuracy and work efficiency.展开更多
文摘对新疆沙漠高速公路服务区建筑进行热舒适性分析与节能研究。以克拉美丽服务区为研究对象,在2023年最热月份7月进行热环境试验和热舒适调查,结果表明:服务区室内外温差很大,在15~26℃之间;室内温度普遍偏高,大厅、超市、餐厅和卫生间满足热舒适要求的时间比例分别为8.3%、5.8%、22.5%与48.3%;夏季服务区室内热舒适不满足要求。为了提高室内舒适度和减少能源消耗,选用DeST-C软件进行能耗模拟和节能模拟研究,探究该建筑的能耗影响因素,基于ASHRAE Standard 55—2017标准建立热舒适模型,在调研时发现不同年龄段中,41岁及以上游客室内中度热舒适度和热感觉比例最高;通过热舒适模型进行预测,预测服务区热中性温度25.25℃,实测热中性温度为26.35℃,预测临界上限温度为27.04℃,实测临界温度上限为29.32℃;当室内使用实测临界上限温度29.32℃时,夏季空调能耗降低21.8%,当空调系统选用全空气变风量系统时,能耗亦可显著降低,节能率达到64.7%;进一步分析显热回收装置的节能潜力表明:当夏季室外温度高于28.48℃或冬季低于15.93℃时开启该装置,单位面积节能量可达6.1 kW·h·m^(-2)。
基金the National Key R&D Program of China“6G satellite communication access networking technology”(No.2020YFB1808000).
文摘As the new generation of low Earth orbit(LEO)satellite communication systems begins to provide high-speed broadband access services to areas without terrestrial cellular coverage,scholars both domestically and internationally are reassessing the relationship between satellite and ground communications in regions prone to warfare and sparsely populated areas.Especially after the launch of Starlink’s“Direct to Cell”service,many believe that new-generation LEO satellite communication systems may not just be a supplement to terrestrial networks in the future.Presently,the discourse surrounding satellite-terrestrial network technology predominantly centers on economic costs and user acceptance,with a noticeable gap in research that addresses green communication and sustainable development.This paper,therefore,aims to fill this void by modeling the energy consumption of LEO satellite communication systems,exemplified by Starlink,and juxtaposing it with that of terrestrial networks.Our findings indicate that the energy consumption of satellite communication systems,such as Starlink,is a staggering 32.9 times higher than that of ground base station clusters in remote regions and an astonishing 715 times greater in densely populated urban areas.Although satellite communication systems hold the promise of global coverage,their standalone construction without integration with terrestrial networks could lead to significant energy waste.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62122064,62331021,62371410)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China(2023J02005 and 2021J011184)+1 种基金the President Fund of Xiamen University(20720220063)the Nanqiang Outstanding Talents Program of Xiamen University.
文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)plays an important role in medical diagnosis,generating petabytes of image data annually in large hospitals.This voluminous data stream requires a significant amount of network bandwidth and extensive storage infrastructure.Additionally,local data processing demands substantial manpower and hardware investments.Data isolation across different healthcare institutions hinders crossinstitutional collaboration in clinics and research.In this work,we anticipate an innovative MRI system and its four generations that integrate emerging distributed cloud computing,6G bandwidth,edge computing,federated learning,and blockchain technology.This system is called Cloud-MRI,aiming at solving the problems of MRI data storage security,transmission speed,artificial intelligence(AI)algorithm maintenance,hardware upgrading,and collaborative work.The workflow commences with the transformation of k-space raw data into the standardized Imaging Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine Raw Data(ISMRMRD)format.Then,the data are uploaded to the cloud or edge nodes for fast image reconstruction,neural network training,and automatic analysis.Then,the outcomes are seamlessly transmitted to clinics or research institutes for diagnosis and other services.The Cloud-MRI system will save the raw imaging data,reduce the risk of data loss,facilitate inter-institutional medical collaboration,and finally improve diagnostic accuracy and work efficiency.
