Microrobots play an essential role in early diagnosis and precision medicine with the increasing demands for controllability in bio-medicine and micromanipulation,which can complete the pre-designed behavior under ext...Microrobots play an essential role in early diagnosis and precision medicine with the increasing demands for controllability in bio-medicine and micromanipulation,which can complete the pre-designed behavior under external stimulation.However,most microrobots are currently made of a single material system and focus on fabricating a driving module as the main structure of microrobots.This hinders the integration of diverse functions in one microrobot to fulfill the complex application.Here,a multi-material and multi-module hand-microrobot based on femtosecond laser direct writing technology is proposed,which has a pH-responsive capturing module and a magnetic-responsive transportation module(MRTM).This microrobot can not only respond to pH for capturing and releasing objects,but also respond to magnetic fields for cargo delivery even with obstacles.The two responding modules of the hand-microrobot are fabricated independently,and can collaborate with each other to achieve the delivery of target objects like polystyrene(PS)microsphere(10µm)or 786-O cell by capturing,transporting,and spatial rolling.Besides,the MRTM can be locally fabricated on any prefabricated static structure,so that the whole microrobot can achieve controllable motion.This strategy is expected to be used to manipulate cells,deliver drugs for precise treatment,and environmental treatment.展开更多
This study integrates explicit input enhancement into comparative continuation writing,defined as a task in which learners produce a continuation by comparing their own expression with an input text,aligning with its ...This study integrates explicit input enhancement into comparative continuation writing,defined as a task in which learners produce a continuation by comparing their own expression with an input text,aligning with its discourse structure and linguistic features,while developing their own ideas.It aims to examine whether English as a Foreign Language(EFL)learners in China exhibit differences in discourse competence and writing performance when completing comparative continuation writing combined with different input enhancement techniques,and whether the alignment effect occurs at the discourse level.Sixty first-year Chinese senior middle school students were divided into four groups:three groups engaged in comparative continuation writing with varying input enhancement,achieved by combining different techniques,while a control group performed a designated-topic writing task.The results revealed that three comparative continuation writing groups outperformed the designated-topic writing group in discourse competence,particularly in the use of temporal connectives.However,differences and some inconsistencies were observed among the comparative continuation writing groups across individual indices.The study highlights effective ways to incorporate comparative continuation writing into English instruction and demonstrates how explicit input enhancement can complement the task,simultaneously activating the alignment effect proposed by the xu-argument and enhancing discourse competence in writing.展开更多
This study compares the relative efficacy of the continuation task and the model-as-feedbackwriting (MAFW) task in EFL writing development. Ninety intermediate-level Chinese EFL learnerswere randomly assigned to a con...This study compares the relative efficacy of the continuation task and the model-as-feedbackwriting (MAFW) task in EFL writing development. Ninety intermediate-level Chinese EFL learnerswere randomly assigned to a continuation group, a MAFW group, and a control group, each with30 learners. A pretest and a posttest were used to gauge L2 writing development. Results showedthat the continuation task outperformed the MAFW task not only in enhancing the overall qualityof L2 writing, but also in promoting the quality of three components of L2 writing, namely, content,organization, and language. The finding has important implications for L2 writing teaching andlearning.展开更多
This study examines the reliability and validity of AI-generated scoring for continuation writing tasks.By comparing GPT-4 with eight experienced human raters across 21 student responses,it evaluates AI’s consistency...This study examines the reliability and validity of AI-generated scoring for continuation writing tasks.By comparing GPT-4 with eight experienced human raters across 21 student responses,it evaluates AI’s consistency,severity,and alignment with human scoring criteria.Results show that AI exhibits high self-consistency and adapts effectively to different scoring roles(e.g.,teacher vs.highstakes rater).However,AI scores were more lenient than human raters and demonstrated divergent evaluation focuses—prioritizing narrative coherence and emotional depth,while teachers emphasized linguistic accuracy and richness of detail.The findings suggest AI’s potential as a supplementary assessment tool,offering rapid,holistic feedback,but highlight the need for further calibration to align with educational standards.Implications include exploring hybrid evaluation models that leverage the strengths of both AI and human raters to achieve more equitable,efficient,and pedagogically meaningful writing assessments.展开更多
This study investigated the effects of xu-argument-based continuation writing on learners’processing of source texts.Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to three conditions:(1)continuation writing,(2)sum...This study investigated the effects of xu-argument-based continuation writing on learners’processing of source texts.Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to three conditions:(1)continuation writing,(2)summary writing,or(3)reading comprehension.Eye-tracking data were collected during reading,measuring early(first fixation duration,first pass duration)and late(go-past time,total fixation duration)eye movements.During writing,source-text rereading was tracked via fixation counts and durations.Results showed that task type did not affect initial lexical access,as first fixation duration showed no group differences.However,both production groups exhibited significantly longer first pass durations than the reading comprehension group.Late measures revealed a gradient pattern:the continuation writing group spent significantly longer gopast time and total fixation duration than the summary writing group,which exceeded the reading comprehension group.This indicates that continuation tasks promoted deeper cognitive engagement during reading.During writing,the continuation writing group spent more time rereading the source text with higher fixation counts than the summary writing group.These findings suggest that continuation writing triggers more intensive reader-text interaction during pre-writing and enhances comprehension-production coupling through sustained attention to input during writing.This study sheds light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the theoretical and pedagogical value of xu-argument.展开更多
The historical image of Ouyang Xiu constructed during the Song Dynasty evolved from a multifaceted portrayal that balanced his political and literary achievements into a singular cultural symbol.In the Northern Song D...The historical image of Ouyang Xiu constructed during the Song Dynasty evolved from a multifaceted portrayal that balanced his political and literary achievements into a singular cultural symbol.In the Northern Song Dynasty,writings by Ouyang Xiu's family and epitaphs by his colleagues crafted a balanced narrative emphasizing both his official duties and literary merits,thus constructing a dual image of him as a principled remonstrator and a literary master.In the Southern Song Dynasty,official historiography gradually eroded his complex persona as a political reformer by selectively trimming political disputes and emphasizing his literary lineage,ultimately establishing him as a cultural exemplar beyond factional strife.Throughout this evolution of historical writing,Ouyang Xiu's sharpness as a remonstrator was gradually obscured in historical texts,while his image as a literary master,revered by all,became firmly established.The reshaping of Ouyang Xiu's image in historical writings across the Northern and Southern Song dynasties not only reflects the logic of selecting scholar-official role models under the influence of official ideology but also reveals the inherent pattern whereby individual distinctiveness fades into symbolic construction in historical writing.展开更多
Biopolymeric nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention because of their biocompatibility,biodegradability,and unique physicochemical properties.It is essential to manufacture three-dimensional(3D)biocompati...Biopolymeric nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention because of their biocompatibility,biodegradability,and unique physicochemical properties.It is essential to manufacture three-dimensional(3D)biocompatible micro/nanostructures using biopolymeric nanocomposites.Herein,we demonstrate the high-fidelity fabrication of biocompatible 3D features with sub-50 nm resolution using femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)of a biopolymeric nanocomposite composed of egg white and sulfonated graphene(S-graphene).The biopolymer nanocomposite acts as a negative photoresist suitable for water-based lithography.The introduction of S-graphene not only dramatically lowered the laser power threshold but also significantly modulated the morphology of the 3D features constructed by FsLDW.Microstructures with porous,rough,or smooth morphologies were obtained by optimizing the S-graphene concentration and laser scanning speed.The fabricated egg-white/S-graphene microstructures exhibited biocompatibility and environmental degradability.Egg white/S-graphene was also employed to fabricate diffractive gratings with superior optical quality.This study provides a promising method to manufacture biocompatible 3D features with controllable morphology,which has potential applications in biological and photonic fields.展开更多
Rhetorical devices are a kind of language expression often seen in articles.With the development of the new era,the requirements for listening,speaking,reading and writing in today's English education are graduall...Rhetorical devices are a kind of language expression often seen in articles.With the development of the new era,the requirements for listening,speaking,reading and writing in today's English education are gradually increasing,and the requirements for writing are also getting higher and higher.In the English curriculum standards for senior high schools(2017 edition),the Ministry of Education also further improved the requirements of high school students'listening,speaking,reading and writing skills.In high school English textbooks,each unit of the article often contains a variety of rhetorical devices,but high school students cannot skillfully use rhetorical devices in the continuation writing.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the use of rhetorical devices in post reading continuation.This paper analyzes the application of rhetorical devices in the continuation of high school reading.Using the output oriented teaching method in teaching to help students understand and apply.The purpose is to let high school students understand the embodiment of rhetorical devices in English articles;Be able to master and skillfully use rhetorical devices in the continuation writing.This paper decides to explore and study rhetorical sentence patterns to help students increase their ability to write English and improve their appreciation of the beauty of the English language.展开更多
Three-dimensional(3D)-printedgraphene aerogels hold promise for electromagneticwave absorption(EWA)engineering due to itsultralow density,outstanding electromagnetic dissipationwith the flexibility and precision of ma...Three-dimensional(3D)-printedgraphene aerogels hold promise for electromagneticwave absorption(EWA)engineering due to itsultralow density,outstanding electromagnetic dissipationwith the flexibility and precision of manufacturingstrategies.However,their high conductivitycauses severe impedance mismatch,limiting EWAperformance.3D printing requirements also constrainthe dielectric properties of printable grapheneinks,hindering the integration of high-performanceabsorbers with advanced manufacturing.This studyproposes a polyacrylic acid(PAA)gel-mediated3D porous graphene oxide(GO)aerogel multiscaleregulation strategy.Precise gel content control enablesdual-gradient tuning of the rheology(Benefitingdirect ink writing(DIW))and dielectric loss(Enhancing EWA)of GO/PAA composites and reduces aerogel density(6.9 mg cm^(-3)from28.2 mg cm^(-3)).Thermal reduction decomposes PAA into amorphous carbon nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene oxide(rGO),enhancingimpedance matching and absorption via synergistic 0D/2D interfacial polarization and conductive loss.The optimized rGO/PAA aerogelachieves a minimum reflection loss(RL)of-39.86 dB at 2.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 8.36 GHz(9.64-18 GHz)at3.2 mm.Combining DIW and this aerogel,we design a metamaterial absorber(MA)with dual material(dielectric loss)and structural gradients.This MA exhibits an ultrawide EAB of 14 GHz(4-18 GHz)with a total thickness of 7.8 mm.This work establishes a coupled design paradigmof“composition-structure-performance,”providing an engineerable solution for developing lightweight,broadband EWA materials.展开更多
Cell engineering is transitioning from“making cells express products”to“directly manufacturing functional structures inside cells.”This perspective outlines two-photon polymerization(TPP)-based direct writing of p...Cell engineering is transitioning from“making cells express products”to“directly manufacturing functional structures inside cells.”This perspective outlines two-photon polymerization(TPP)-based direct writing of polymerizable biocompatible materials to enable programmable micron-scale three-dimensional(3 D)functional architectures within living cells,thereby overcoming the limitations of simple endocytosis or phagocytosis.We highlight scalable workflows that couple bulk intracellular loading of biocompatible photoresists with automated TPP writing,and discuss how end ogenous proteins,biocompatible monomers,or biomate rials can be incorporated into these platforms as crosslinking elements to mitigate immune rejection and toxicity.This paradigm elevates the cell from a mere reaction vessel to an active factory,with direct implications for in vivo sensing,tracking,and precision drug delivery.However,key challenges remain,including establishing standardized material libraries,implementing autofocus and pose-adaptive control,and co-designing device architectures together with cellular functions.We anticipate that“intracellular 3 D printing”will provide a novel interface between synthetic biology and micro/nano-fabrication.展开更多
当前,大语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)在语言写作教学中的创新潜力日益显现,其中创意写作作为培养学生情感表达、批判性思维与创新能力的重要手段,正面临教学模式僵化、教学资源匮乏、评价模式单一等现实挑战,LLM的发展为其带来...当前,大语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)在语言写作教学中的创新潜力日益显现,其中创意写作作为培养学生情感表达、批判性思维与创新能力的重要手段,正面临教学模式僵化、教学资源匮乏、评价模式单一等现实挑战,LLM的发展为其带来了新的机遇。为此,文章从世界知识、涌现能力、心理理论、思维链、硅基样本等角度分析了LLM在创意写作教学中的适用性,提出了基于LLM的创意写作应用框架,以通过多媒体创意激发和交互式创意激发相结合的形式,在写作过程中融入动态分析与个性化反馈。基于此框架,文章开发了相应的LLM4Writing平台,并在上海市S小学开展了为期5周的案例实践。案例结果表明,在LLM的技术赋能下学生在创意构思和表达能力等方面取得了显著进步,同时写作兴趣与创意潜力得到了有效激发。文章通过研究,旨在为LLM在创意写作教学中的应用提供理论基础和实践指导,推动写作教学模式创新和写作教学质量提升。展开更多
Able to precisely control and manipulate materials'states at micro/nano-scale level,femtosecond(fs)laser micro/nano processing technology has undergone tremendous development over the past three decades.Free-formi...Able to precisely control and manipulate materials'states at micro/nano-scale level,femtosecond(fs)laser micro/nano processing technology has undergone tremendous development over the past three decades.Free-forming three-dimensional(3D)microscale functional devices and inducing fascinating and unique physical or chemical phenomena have granted this technology powerful versatility that no other technology can match.As this technology advances rapidly in various fields of application,some key challenges have emerged and remain to be urgently addressed.This review firstly introduces the fundamental principles for understanding how fs laser pulses interact with materials and the associated unique phenomena in section 2.Then micro/nano-fabrication in transparent materials by fs laser processing is presented in section 3.Thereafter,several high efficiency/throughput fabrication methods as well as pulse-shaping techniques are listed in sections 4 and 5 reviews four-dimensional(4D)and nanoscale printing realized by fs laser processing technology.Special attention is paid to the heterogeneous integration(HI)of functional materials enabled by fs laser processing in section 6.Several intriguing examples of 3D functional micro-devices created by fs laser-based manufacturing methods such as microfluidics,lab-on-chip,micro-optics,micro-mechanics,micro-electronics,micro-bots and micro-biodevices are reviewed in section 7.Finally,a summary of the review and a perspective are proposed to explore the challenges and future opportunities for further betterment of fs laser micro/nano processing technology.展开更多
二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提...二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提升;二语写作研究领域暂未形成明显的核心作者和机构的合作网络;研究主题主要聚焦二语写作教学方法的多元化、二语写作反馈的多焦点、二语写作评估与测试的科学化,以及学习者个体差异的多维影响等方面。基于此,提出未来该领域发展需加强学者、机构之间的相互合作;关注个体学习者写作过程的认知特征与情感因素,尤其重视青少年二语学习过程的研究;扩大二语写作纵向研究规模,推动研究的深入发展。展开更多
This study contests the prevalent perception of graffiti writing,especially tagging and bombing,as meaningless vandalism.It contends that graffiti is a form of expression with intrinsic political implications.Leveragi...This study contests the prevalent perception of graffiti writing,especially tagging and bombing,as meaningless vandalism.It contends that graffiti is a form of expression with intrinsic political implications.Leveraging the notion of spatial justice and Jacques Ranciere's philosophy,I demonstrate how graffiti reclaims urban visibility against the commercial monopoly of visibility in public spaces and challenges the inequitable allocation of opportunities for self-expression in modern cities.Despite writers'common denial of political motives,their actions may be interpreted as manifestations of resistance within wider sociospatial conflicts.This study situates grffti within discussions of political art,spatial commodification,and everyday resistance,proposing a normative framework for viewing the art of the urban signature as an activity that redefines"the community that speaks."展开更多
Process-oriented writing is the main way for teachers to precisely control the problems and weak links presented by students in each writing stage.Therefore,it is possible to design teaching activities that are in lin...Process-oriented writing is the main way for teachers to precisely control the problems and weak links presented by students in each writing stage.Therefore,it is possible to design teaching activities that are in line with their cognitive levels based on students’needs;promote writing through debate,attach importance to the high integration of reading,speaking,and writing;and strengthen the subjectivity of students in writing by taking interest as the lead and life as the source.展开更多
Giant panda writing is a classic form of thematic nature writing.Since the scientific discovery and the popularization of the giant panda by naturalists,this writing tradition has spanned nearly a century.Throughout t...Giant panda writing is a classic form of thematic nature writing.Since the scientific discovery and the popularization of the giant panda by naturalists,this writing tradition has spanned nearly a century.Throughout this process,Chinese giant panda writing has developed its own distinct characteristics.Western giant panda writing encompasses genres such as scientific essays,fieldwork notes,and documentary works.Within Chinese giant panda writing,reportage,popular science works,and comprehensive,systematic documentary works all have representative authors and texts.In recent years,IP-oriented giant panda books have shown notable performance.While Chinese giant panda writing exhibits diverse types and perspectives,its scientific rigor,informative value,and innovative expression still require enhancement.As a form of thematic nature writing,giant panda writing provides valuable insights for writings on other subjects.展开更多
基金financial support of the National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2024YFB4607402 and 2016YFA0200500)National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC,Grant Nos.61975213,61475164 and 61205194)International Partnership Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(GJHZ2021130)。
文摘Microrobots play an essential role in early diagnosis and precision medicine with the increasing demands for controllability in bio-medicine and micromanipulation,which can complete the pre-designed behavior under external stimulation.However,most microrobots are currently made of a single material system and focus on fabricating a driving module as the main structure of microrobots.This hinders the integration of diverse functions in one microrobot to fulfill the complex application.Here,a multi-material and multi-module hand-microrobot based on femtosecond laser direct writing technology is proposed,which has a pH-responsive capturing module and a magnetic-responsive transportation module(MRTM).This microrobot can not only respond to pH for capturing and releasing objects,but also respond to magnetic fields for cargo delivery even with obstacles.The two responding modules of the hand-microrobot are fabricated independently,and can collaborate with each other to achieve the delivery of target objects like polystyrene(PS)microsphere(10µm)or 786-O cell by capturing,transporting,and spatial rolling.Besides,the MRTM can be locally fabricated on any prefabricated static structure,so that the whole microrobot can achieve controllable motion.This strategy is expected to be used to manipulate cells,deliver drugs for precise treatment,and environmental treatment.
文摘This study integrates explicit input enhancement into comparative continuation writing,defined as a task in which learners produce a continuation by comparing their own expression with an input text,aligning with its discourse structure and linguistic features,while developing their own ideas.It aims to examine whether English as a Foreign Language(EFL)learners in China exhibit differences in discourse competence and writing performance when completing comparative continuation writing combined with different input enhancement techniques,and whether the alignment effect occurs at the discourse level.Sixty first-year Chinese senior middle school students were divided into four groups:three groups engaged in comparative continuation writing with varying input enhancement,achieved by combining different techniques,while a control group performed a designated-topic writing task.The results revealed that three comparative continuation writing groups outperformed the designated-topic writing group in discourse competence,particularly in the use of temporal connectives.However,differences and some inconsistencies were observed among the comparative continuation writing groups across individual indices.The study highlights effective ways to incorporate comparative continuation writing into English instruction and demonstrates how explicit input enhancement can complement the task,simultaneously activating the alignment effect proposed by the xu-argument and enhancing discourse competence in writing.
文摘This study compares the relative efficacy of the continuation task and the model-as-feedbackwriting (MAFW) task in EFL writing development. Ninety intermediate-level Chinese EFL learnerswere randomly assigned to a continuation group, a MAFW group, and a control group, each with30 learners. A pretest and a posttest were used to gauge L2 writing development. Results showedthat the continuation task outperformed the MAFW task not only in enhancing the overall qualityof L2 writing, but also in promoting the quality of three components of L2 writing, namely, content,organization, and language. The finding has important implications for L2 writing teaching andlearning.
文摘This study examines the reliability and validity of AI-generated scoring for continuation writing tasks.By comparing GPT-4 with eight experienced human raters across 21 student responses,it evaluates AI’s consistency,severity,and alignment with human scoring criteria.Results show that AI exhibits high self-consistency and adapts effectively to different scoring roles(e.g.,teacher vs.highstakes rater).However,AI scores were more lenient than human raters and demonstrated divergent evaluation focuses—prioritizing narrative coherence and emotional depth,while teachers emphasized linguistic accuracy and richness of detail.The findings suggest AI’s potential as a supplementary assessment tool,offering rapid,holistic feedback,but highlight the need for further calibration to align with educational standards.Implications include exploring hybrid evaluation models that leverage the strengths of both AI and human raters to achieve more equitable,efficient,and pedagogically meaningful writing assessments.
文摘This study investigated the effects of xu-argument-based continuation writing on learners’processing of source texts.Seventy-five participants were randomly assigned to three conditions:(1)continuation writing,(2)summary writing,or(3)reading comprehension.Eye-tracking data were collected during reading,measuring early(first fixation duration,first pass duration)and late(go-past time,total fixation duration)eye movements.During writing,source-text rereading was tracked via fixation counts and durations.Results showed that task type did not affect initial lexical access,as first fixation duration showed no group differences.However,both production groups exhibited significantly longer first pass durations than the reading comprehension group.Late measures revealed a gradient pattern:the continuation writing group spent significantly longer gopast time and total fixation duration than the summary writing group,which exceeded the reading comprehension group.This indicates that continuation tasks promoted deeper cognitive engagement during reading.During writing,the continuation writing group spent more time rereading the source text with higher fixation counts than the summary writing group.These findings suggest that continuation writing triggers more intensive reader-text interaction during pre-writing and enhances comprehension-production coupling through sustained attention to input during writing.This study sheds light on the cognitive mechanisms underlying the theoretical and pedagogical value of xu-argument.
基金an initial outcome of the Research on the Interactive Relationship Between Biographies and Epitaphs in Ancient China,a project(ID:24BZW023)supported by the National Social Science Fund of China。
文摘The historical image of Ouyang Xiu constructed during the Song Dynasty evolved from a multifaceted portrayal that balanced his political and literary achievements into a singular cultural symbol.In the Northern Song Dynasty,writings by Ouyang Xiu's family and epitaphs by his colleagues crafted a balanced narrative emphasizing both his official duties and literary merits,thus constructing a dual image of him as a principled remonstrator and a literary master.In the Southern Song Dynasty,official historiography gradually eroded his complex persona as a political reformer by selectively trimming political disputes and emphasizing his literary lineage,ultimately establishing him as a cultural exemplar beyond factional strife.Throughout this evolution of historical writing,Ouyang Xiu's sharpness as a remonstrator was gradually obscured in historical texts,while his image as a literary master,revered by all,became firmly established.The reshaping of Ouyang Xiu's image in historical writings across the Northern and Southern Song dynasties not only reflects the logic of selecting scholar-official role models under the influence of official ideology but also reveals the inherent pattern whereby individual distinctiveness fades into symbolic construction in historical writing.
基金financially supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2024YFB4607402 and 2016YFC1100502)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51673208 and 61975213)。
文摘Biopolymeric nanocomposites have attracted considerable attention because of their biocompatibility,biodegradability,and unique physicochemical properties.It is essential to manufacture three-dimensional(3D)biocompatible micro/nanostructures using biopolymeric nanocomposites.Herein,we demonstrate the high-fidelity fabrication of biocompatible 3D features with sub-50 nm resolution using femtosecond laser direct writing(FsLDW)of a biopolymeric nanocomposite composed of egg white and sulfonated graphene(S-graphene).The biopolymer nanocomposite acts as a negative photoresist suitable for water-based lithography.The introduction of S-graphene not only dramatically lowered the laser power threshold but also significantly modulated the morphology of the 3D features constructed by FsLDW.Microstructures with porous,rough,or smooth morphologies were obtained by optimizing the S-graphene concentration and laser scanning speed.The fabricated egg-white/S-graphene microstructures exhibited biocompatibility and environmental degradability.Egg white/S-graphene was also employed to fabricate diffractive gratings with superior optical quality.This study provides a promising method to manufacture biocompatible 3D features with controllable morphology,which has potential applications in biological and photonic fields.
文摘Rhetorical devices are a kind of language expression often seen in articles.With the development of the new era,the requirements for listening,speaking,reading and writing in today's English education are gradually increasing,and the requirements for writing are also getting higher and higher.In the English curriculum standards for senior high schools(2017 edition),the Ministry of Education also further improved the requirements of high school students'listening,speaking,reading and writing skills.In high school English textbooks,each unit of the article often contains a variety of rhetorical devices,but high school students cannot skillfully use rhetorical devices in the continuation writing.Therefore,it is necessary to explore the use of rhetorical devices in post reading continuation.This paper analyzes the application of rhetorical devices in the continuation of high school reading.Using the output oriented teaching method in teaching to help students understand and apply.The purpose is to let high school students understand the embodiment of rhetorical devices in English articles;Be able to master and skillfully use rhetorical devices in the continuation writing.This paper decides to explore and study rhetorical sentence patterns to help students increase their ability to write English and improve their appreciation of the beauty of the English language.
基金supported by ZJNSF LZ25E030006Zhejiang Provincial Key Research and Development Program(2024C01157)+2 种基金NSFC under Grant Nos.52473267 and 52401249the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant No.2021YFB3501504Zhejiang University Ningbo“Five in One”Campus Project(K-20213539)。
文摘Three-dimensional(3D)-printedgraphene aerogels hold promise for electromagneticwave absorption(EWA)engineering due to itsultralow density,outstanding electromagnetic dissipationwith the flexibility and precision of manufacturingstrategies.However,their high conductivitycauses severe impedance mismatch,limiting EWAperformance.3D printing requirements also constrainthe dielectric properties of printable grapheneinks,hindering the integration of high-performanceabsorbers with advanced manufacturing.This studyproposes a polyacrylic acid(PAA)gel-mediated3D porous graphene oxide(GO)aerogel multiscaleregulation strategy.Precise gel content control enablesdual-gradient tuning of the rheology(Benefitingdirect ink writing(DIW))and dielectric loss(Enhancing EWA)of GO/PAA composites and reduces aerogel density(6.9 mg cm^(-3)from28.2 mg cm^(-3)).Thermal reduction decomposes PAA into amorphous carbon nanoparticles anchored on reduced graphene oxide(rGO),enhancingimpedance matching and absorption via synergistic 0D/2D interfacial polarization and conductive loss.The optimized rGO/PAA aerogelachieves a minimum reflection loss(RL)of-39.86 dB at 2.5 mm and an effective absorption bandwidth(EAB)of 8.36 GHz(9.64-18 GHz)at3.2 mm.Combining DIW and this aerogel,we design a metamaterial absorber(MA)with dual material(dielectric loss)and structural gradients.This MA exhibits an ultrawide EAB of 14 GHz(4-18 GHz)with a total thickness of 7.8 mm.This work establishes a coupled design paradigmof“composition-structure-performance,”providing an engineerable solution for developing lightweight,broadband EWA materials.
基金the funding from the National Key Research and Development Program of China(No.2024YFB4607701)the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(No.LZ25E050001)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52275294)State Key Laboratory of High-performance Precision Manufacturing(No.HPMKF202412)Zhejiang Province’s 2025‘Pioneer Leading Swan+X’Science and Technology Program(No.2025C02122).
文摘Cell engineering is transitioning from“making cells express products”to“directly manufacturing functional structures inside cells.”This perspective outlines two-photon polymerization(TPP)-based direct writing of polymerizable biocompatible materials to enable programmable micron-scale three-dimensional(3 D)functional architectures within living cells,thereby overcoming the limitations of simple endocytosis or phagocytosis.We highlight scalable workflows that couple bulk intracellular loading of biocompatible photoresists with automated TPP writing,and discuss how end ogenous proteins,biocompatible monomers,or biomate rials can be incorporated into these platforms as crosslinking elements to mitigate immune rejection and toxicity.This paradigm elevates the cell from a mere reaction vessel to an active factory,with direct implications for in vivo sensing,tracking,and precision drug delivery.However,key challenges remain,including establishing standardized material libraries,implementing autofocus and pose-adaptive control,and co-designing device architectures together with cellular functions.We anticipate that“intracellular 3 D printing”will provide a novel interface between synthetic biology and micro/nano-fabrication.
文摘当前,大语言模型(Large Language Model,LLM)在语言写作教学中的创新潜力日益显现,其中创意写作作为培养学生情感表达、批判性思维与创新能力的重要手段,正面临教学模式僵化、教学资源匮乏、评价模式单一等现实挑战,LLM的发展为其带来了新的机遇。为此,文章从世界知识、涌现能力、心理理论、思维链、硅基样本等角度分析了LLM在创意写作教学中的适用性,提出了基于LLM的创意写作应用框架,以通过多媒体创意激发和交互式创意激发相结合的形式,在写作过程中融入动态分析与个性化反馈。基于此框架,文章开发了相应的LLM4Writing平台,并在上海市S小学开展了为期5周的案例实践。案例结果表明,在LLM的技术赋能下学生在创意构思和表达能力等方面取得了显著进步,同时写作兴趣与创意潜力得到了有效激发。文章通过研究,旨在为LLM在创意写作教学中的应用提供理论基础和实践指导,推动写作教学模式创新和写作教学质量提升。
基金supported by National Key R&D Program of China(Grant Nos.2021YFB2802000 and 2022YFB2804300)Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality(Grant No.21DZ1100500)+3 种基金Shanghai Municipal Science and Technology Major Projectthe Shanghai Frontiers Science Center Program(2021-2025 No.20)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.61975123)Shanghai Scienceand Technology Innovation Action Plan(Grant No.23JC1403100)。
文摘Able to precisely control and manipulate materials'states at micro/nano-scale level,femtosecond(fs)laser micro/nano processing technology has undergone tremendous development over the past three decades.Free-forming three-dimensional(3D)microscale functional devices and inducing fascinating and unique physical or chemical phenomena have granted this technology powerful versatility that no other technology can match.As this technology advances rapidly in various fields of application,some key challenges have emerged and remain to be urgently addressed.This review firstly introduces the fundamental principles for understanding how fs laser pulses interact with materials and the associated unique phenomena in section 2.Then micro/nano-fabrication in transparent materials by fs laser processing is presented in section 3.Thereafter,several high efficiency/throughput fabrication methods as well as pulse-shaping techniques are listed in sections 4 and 5 reviews four-dimensional(4D)and nanoscale printing realized by fs laser processing technology.Special attention is paid to the heterogeneous integration(HI)of functional materials enabled by fs laser processing in section 6.Several intriguing examples of 3D functional micro-devices created by fs laser-based manufacturing methods such as microfluidics,lab-on-chip,micro-optics,micro-mechanics,micro-electronics,micro-bots and micro-biodevices are reviewed in section 7.Finally,a summary of the review and a perspective are proposed to explore the challenges and future opportunities for further betterment of fs laser micro/nano processing technology.
文摘二语写作是二语习得研究领域的重要组成部分。运用CiteSpace软件对近十年发表在Journal of Second Language Writing的231篇实证研究论文进行可视化分析,研究发现:二语写作研究整体呈波动性上升趋势,研究规模较为稳定,研究关注度逐渐提升;二语写作研究领域暂未形成明显的核心作者和机构的合作网络;研究主题主要聚焦二语写作教学方法的多元化、二语写作反馈的多焦点、二语写作评估与测试的科学化,以及学习者个体差异的多维影响等方面。基于此,提出未来该领域发展需加强学者、机构之间的相互合作;关注个体学习者写作过程的认知特征与情感因素,尤其重视青少年二语学习过程的研究;扩大二语写作纵向研究规模,推动研究的深入发展。
文摘This study contests the prevalent perception of graffiti writing,especially tagging and bombing,as meaningless vandalism.It contends that graffiti is a form of expression with intrinsic political implications.Leveraging the notion of spatial justice and Jacques Ranciere's philosophy,I demonstrate how graffiti reclaims urban visibility against the commercial monopoly of visibility in public spaces and challenges the inequitable allocation of opportunities for self-expression in modern cities.Despite writers'common denial of political motives,their actions may be interpreted as manifestations of resistance within wider sociospatial conflicts.This study situates grffti within discussions of political art,spatial commodification,and everyday resistance,proposing a normative framework for viewing the art of the urban signature as an activity that redefines"the community that speaks."
文摘Process-oriented writing is the main way for teachers to precisely control the problems and weak links presented by students in each writing stage.Therefore,it is possible to design teaching activities that are in line with their cognitive levels based on students’needs;promote writing through debate,attach importance to the high integration of reading,speaking,and writing;and strengthen the subjectivity of students in writing by taking interest as the lead and life as the source.
文摘Giant panda writing is a classic form of thematic nature writing.Since the scientific discovery and the popularization of the giant panda by naturalists,this writing tradition has spanned nearly a century.Throughout this process,Chinese giant panda writing has developed its own distinct characteristics.Western giant panda writing encompasses genres such as scientific essays,fieldwork notes,and documentary works.Within Chinese giant panda writing,reportage,popular science works,and comprehensive,systematic documentary works all have representative authors and texts.In recent years,IP-oriented giant panda books have shown notable performance.While Chinese giant panda writing exhibits diverse types and perspectives,its scientific rigor,informative value,and innovative expression still require enhancement.As a form of thematic nature writing,giant panda writing provides valuable insights for writings on other subjects.
