随着智能矿井建设不断推进,图像在矿山安全监测、设备识别与作业辅助中发挥着重要作用。然而,矿井图像常面临低照度、光照不均、噪声干扰等复杂环境问题,导致图像细节模糊、亮度失衡,严重影响后续图像识别与智能分析的准确性。为解决上...随着智能矿井建设不断推进,图像在矿山安全监测、设备识别与作业辅助中发挥着重要作用。然而,矿井图像常面临低照度、光照不均、噪声干扰等复杂环境问题,导致图像细节模糊、亮度失衡,严重影响后续图像识别与智能分析的准确性。为解决上述问题,提出了一种融合多尺度增强机制与色调、饱和度和亮度色彩空间的矿井图像增强算法。该算法以Retinex理论构建的深度增强网络为基础,首先将矿井图像分解为光照与反射2个成分。针对光照成分,设计多尺度卷积网络提取不同空间尺度下的亮度信息,增强全局光照建模能力;针对反射成分,引入双边滤波机制进行噪声抑制与边缘结构保留。然后,分别将优化后的光照与反射成分通过融合重构形成初步增强图像。最后,在HSV色彩空间中分离初步增强图像的亮度通道,引入曝光调整与细节增强模块,进一步实现亮度补偿与纹理还原的联合优化。试验结果表明,所提方法在DIV2K公开数据集中的峰值信噪比高达28.9 d B,结构相似性指数达到0.87。在自制的矿井图像数据集上,该算法的特征相似度指数最高提升至0.902,通用图像质量指数最高达0.847。在不同光照条件下,该方法均表现出良好的细节恢复与亮度均衡能力,验证了其在矿井图像增强中的有效性。展开更多
Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginn...Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginners to grasp the intricate composition rules of formulas.To address this gap,we introduce Formula-S,a situated visualization method for TCM formula learning in augmented reality(AR)and evaluate its performance.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Formula-S in enhancing TCM formula learning for beginners by comparing it with traditional text-based formula learning and web-based visualization.Methods Formula-S is an interactive AR tool designed for TCM formula learning,featuring three modes(3D,Web,and Table).The dataset included TCM formulas and herb properties extracted from authoritative references,including textbook and the SymMap database.In Formula-S,the hierarchical visualization of the formulas as herbal medicine compositions,is linked to the multidimensional herb attribute visualization and embedded in the real world,where real herb samples are presented.To evaluate its effectiveness,a controlled study(n=30)was conducted.Participants who had no formal TCM knowledge were tasked with herbal medicine identification,formula composition,and recognition.In the study,participants interacted with the AR tool through HoloLens 2.Data were collected on both task performance(accuracy and response time)and user experience,with a focus on task efficiency,accuracy,and user preference across the different learning modes.Results The situated visualization method of Formula-S had comparable accuracy to other methods but shorter response time for herbal formula learning tasks.Regarding user experience,our new approach demonstrated the highest system usability and lowest task load,effectively reducing cognitive load and allowing users to complete tasks with greater ease and efficiency.Participants reported that Formula-S enhanced their learning experience through its intuitive interface and immersive AR environment,suggesting this approach offers usability advantages for TCM education.Conclusions The situated visualization method in Formula-S offers more efficient and accurate searching capabilities compared to traditional and web-based methods.Additionally,it provides superior contextual understanding of TCM formulas,making it a promising new solution for TCM learning.展开更多
With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers ...With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly urgent.Currently,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and adaptability.To address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color image.The Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE images.As shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.展开更多
BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents worldwide.Due to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications...BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents worldwide.Due to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications,a lack of effective treatment strategies,and substantial socioeconomic burdens,it has become an urgent public health issue that requires management and resolution.Adolescent T2DM differs from adult T2DM.Despite a significant increase in our understanding of youth-onset T2DM over the past two decades,the related review and evidence-based content remain limited.AIM To visualize the hotspots and trends in pediatric and adolescent T2DM research and to forecast their future research themes.METHODS This study utilized the terms“children”,“adolescents”,and“type 2 diabetes”,retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 and 2023 from three citation databases within the Web of Science Core Collection(SCI,SSCI,ESCI).Utilizing CiteSpace and VoSviewer software,we analyze and visually represent the annual output of literature,countries involved,and participating institutions.This allows us to predict trends in this research field.Our analysis encompasses co-cited authors,journal overlays,citation overlays,time-zone views,keyword analysis,and reference analysis,etc.RESULTS A total of 9210 articles were included,and the annual publication volume in this field showed a steady growth trend.The United States had the highest number of publications and the highest H-index.The United States also had the most research institutions and the strongest research capacity.The global hot journals were primarily diabetes professional journals but also included journals related to nutrition,endocrinology,and metabolism.Keyword analysis showed that research related to endothelial dysfunction,exposure risk,cardiac metabolic risk,changes in gut microbiota,the impact on comorbidities and outcomes,etc.,were emerging keywords.They have maintained their popularity in this field,suggesting that these areas have garnered significant research interest in recent years.CONCLUSION Pediatric and adolescent T2DM is increasingly drawing global attention,with genes,behaviors,environmental factors,and multisystemic interventions potentially emerging as future research hot spots.展开更多
人类单纯疱疹病毒1型(Herpes simplex virus type I,HSV-1)是一种在世界范围内各类人群中广泛携带和传播的重要病原体。HSV-1感染能引起包括口唇疱疹、病毒性角膜炎和病毒性脑炎在内的多种疾病。不论是在HSV-1的裂解感染、潜伏感染或是...人类单纯疱疹病毒1型(Herpes simplex virus type I,HSV-1)是一种在世界范围内各类人群中广泛携带和传播的重要病原体。HSV-1感染能引起包括口唇疱疹、病毒性角膜炎和病毒性脑炎在内的多种疾病。不论是在HSV-1的裂解感染、潜伏感染或是再激活感染过程中,其所编码的蛋白和miRNAs都与宿主细胞因子发生着复杂的相互作用,这些相互作用的结果影响着宿主细胞的生理过程和HSV-1的复制。本文综述了近年来宿主因子在HSV-1复制过程中的调控作用及其机制,为抗HSV-1药物和疫苗研发提供新的思路。展开更多
As industrial production progresses toward digitalization,massive amounts of data have been collected,transmitted,and stored,with characteristics of large-scale,high-dimensional,heterogeneous,and spatiotemporal dynami...As industrial production progresses toward digitalization,massive amounts of data have been collected,transmitted,and stored,with characteristics of large-scale,high-dimensional,heterogeneous,and spatiotemporal dynamics.The high complexity of industrial big data poses challenges for the practical decision-making of domain experts,leading to ever-increasing needs for integrating computational intelligence with human perception into traditional data analysis.Industrial big data visualization integrates theoretical methods and practical technologies from multiple disciplines,including data mining,information visualization,computer graphics,and human-computer interaction,providing a highly effective manner for understanding and exploring the complex industrial processes.This review summarizes the state-of-the-art approaches,characterizes them with six visualization methods,and categorizes them based on analytical tasks and applications.Furthermore,key research challenges and potential future directions are identified.展开更多
The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory(TAO)is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory,located near the Taishan nuclear power plant(NPP).The TAO aims to measure the energy spectrum of reac...The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory(TAO)is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory,located near the Taishan nuclear power plant(NPP).The TAO aims to measure the energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos with unprecedented precision,which would benefit both reactor neutrino physics and the nuclear database.A detector geometry and event visualization system was developed for the TAO.The software was based on ROOT packages and embedded in the TAO offline software framework.This provided an intuitive tool for visualizing the detector geometry,tuning the reconstruction algorithm,understanding neutrino physics,and monitoring the operation of reactors at NPP.Further applications of the visualization system in the experimental operation of TAO and its future development are discussed.展开更多
Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field o...Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field of nursing.Methods:Using bibliometric methods and Citespace software,this study conducts a statistical and visual analysis of publications on TIR Theory from CNKI,focusing on annual publication volumes,author collaboration networks,high-frequency keywords,and emergent terms.Results:The study statistically analyzed the time distribution and research hotspots of 117 relevant papers.The annual publication volume shows a gradual upward trend,though the overall volume remains low.High-frequency keywords such as“family nursing,”“quality of life,”“acute myocardial infarction,”and“stroke”form the core research themes.Conclusion:Research on TIR Theory in China’s nursing field is still in the exploratory stage,and its attention and emphasis need to be enhanced.As it aligns with modern medical models,its application scope in nursing is expanding,promoting the high-quality,scientific,and diversified development of nursing services in China.展开更多
文摘随着智能矿井建设不断推进,图像在矿山安全监测、设备识别与作业辅助中发挥着重要作用。然而,矿井图像常面临低照度、光照不均、噪声干扰等复杂环境问题,导致图像细节模糊、亮度失衡,严重影响后续图像识别与智能分析的准确性。为解决上述问题,提出了一种融合多尺度增强机制与色调、饱和度和亮度色彩空间的矿井图像增强算法。该算法以Retinex理论构建的深度增强网络为基础,首先将矿井图像分解为光照与反射2个成分。针对光照成分,设计多尺度卷积网络提取不同空间尺度下的亮度信息,增强全局光照建模能力;针对反射成分,引入双边滤波机制进行噪声抑制与边缘结构保留。然后,分别将优化后的光照与反射成分通过融合重构形成初步增强图像。最后,在HSV色彩空间中分离初步增强图像的亮度通道,引入曝光调整与细节增强模块,进一步实现亮度补偿与纹理还原的联合优化。试验结果表明,所提方法在DIV2K公开数据集中的峰值信噪比高达28.9 d B,结构相似性指数达到0.87。在自制的矿井图像数据集上,该算法的特征相似度指数最高提升至0.902,通用图像质量指数最高达0.847。在不同光照条件下,该方法均表现出良好的细节恢复与亮度均衡能力,验证了其在矿井图像增强中的有效性。
文摘Objective The study of medicine formulas is a core component of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM),yet traditional learning methods often lack interactivity and contextual understanding,making it challenging for beginners to grasp the intricate composition rules of formulas.To address this gap,we introduce Formula-S,a situated visualization method for TCM formula learning in augmented reality(AR)and evaluate its performance.This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of Formula-S in enhancing TCM formula learning for beginners by comparing it with traditional text-based formula learning and web-based visualization.Methods Formula-S is an interactive AR tool designed for TCM formula learning,featuring three modes(3D,Web,and Table).The dataset included TCM formulas and herb properties extracted from authoritative references,including textbook and the SymMap database.In Formula-S,the hierarchical visualization of the formulas as herbal medicine compositions,is linked to the multidimensional herb attribute visualization and embedded in the real world,where real herb samples are presented.To evaluate its effectiveness,a controlled study(n=30)was conducted.Participants who had no formal TCM knowledge were tasked with herbal medicine identification,formula composition,and recognition.In the study,participants interacted with the AR tool through HoloLens 2.Data were collected on both task performance(accuracy and response time)and user experience,with a focus on task efficiency,accuracy,and user preference across the different learning modes.Results The situated visualization method of Formula-S had comparable accuracy to other methods but shorter response time for herbal formula learning tasks.Regarding user experience,our new approach demonstrated the highest system usability and lowest task load,effectively reducing cognitive load and allowing users to complete tasks with greater ease and efficiency.Participants reported that Formula-S enhanced their learning experience through its intuitive interface and immersive AR environment,suggesting this approach offers usability advantages for TCM education.Conclusions The situated visualization method in Formula-S offers more efficient and accurate searching capabilities compared to traditional and web-based methods.Additionally,it provides superior contextual understanding of TCM formulas,making it a promising new solution for TCM learning.
基金supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province(Grant No.242300420297)awarded to Yi Sun.
文摘With the development of anti-virus technology,malicious documents have gradually become the main pathway of Advanced Persistent Threat(APT)attacks,therefore,the development of effective malicious document classifiers has become particularly urgent.Currently,detection methods based on document structure and behavioral features encounter challenges in feature engineering,these methods not only have limited accuracy,but also consume large resources,and usually can only detect documents in specific formats,which lacks versatility and adaptability.To address such problems,this paper proposes a novel malicious document detection method-visualizing documents as GGE images(Grayscale,Grayscale matrix,Entropy).The GGE method visualizes the original byte sequence of the malicious document as a grayscale image,the information entropy sequence of the document as an entropy image,and at the same time,the grayscale level co-occurrence matrix and the texture and spatial information stored in it are converted into grayscale matrix image,and fuses the three types of images to get the GGE color image.The Convolutional Block Attention Module-EfficientNet-B0(CBAM-EfficientNet-B0)model is then used for classification,combining transfer learning and applying the pre-trained model on the ImageNet dataset to the feature extraction process of GGE images.As shown in the experimental results,the GGE method has superior performance compared with other methods,which is suitable for detecting malicious documents in different formats,and achieves an accuracy of 99.44%and 97.39%on Portable Document Format(PDF)and office datasets,respectively,and consumes less time during the detection process,which can be effectively applied to the task of detecting malicious documents in real-time.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82105018 and No.81903950.
文摘BACKGROUND Epidemiological surveys indicate an increasing incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)among children and adolescents worldwide.Due to rapid disease progression,severe long-term cardiorenal complications,a lack of effective treatment strategies,and substantial socioeconomic burdens,it has become an urgent public health issue that requires management and resolution.Adolescent T2DM differs from adult T2DM.Despite a significant increase in our understanding of youth-onset T2DM over the past two decades,the related review and evidence-based content remain limited.AIM To visualize the hotspots and trends in pediatric and adolescent T2DM research and to forecast their future research themes.METHODS This study utilized the terms“children”,“adolescents”,and“type 2 diabetes”,retrieving relevant articles published between 1983 and 2023 from three citation databases within the Web of Science Core Collection(SCI,SSCI,ESCI).Utilizing CiteSpace and VoSviewer software,we analyze and visually represent the annual output of literature,countries involved,and participating institutions.This allows us to predict trends in this research field.Our analysis encompasses co-cited authors,journal overlays,citation overlays,time-zone views,keyword analysis,and reference analysis,etc.RESULTS A total of 9210 articles were included,and the annual publication volume in this field showed a steady growth trend.The United States had the highest number of publications and the highest H-index.The United States also had the most research institutions and the strongest research capacity.The global hot journals were primarily diabetes professional journals but also included journals related to nutrition,endocrinology,and metabolism.Keyword analysis showed that research related to endothelial dysfunction,exposure risk,cardiac metabolic risk,changes in gut microbiota,the impact on comorbidities and outcomes,etc.,were emerging keywords.They have maintained their popularity in this field,suggesting that these areas have garnered significant research interest in recent years.CONCLUSION Pediatric and adolescent T2DM is increasingly drawing global attention,with genes,behaviors,environmental factors,and multisystemic interventions potentially emerging as future research hot spots.
文摘人类单纯疱疹病毒1型(Herpes simplex virus type I,HSV-1)是一种在世界范围内各类人群中广泛携带和传播的重要病原体。HSV-1感染能引起包括口唇疱疹、病毒性角膜炎和病毒性脑炎在内的多种疾病。不论是在HSV-1的裂解感染、潜伏感染或是再激活感染过程中,其所编码的蛋白和miRNAs都与宿主细胞因子发生着复杂的相互作用,这些相互作用的结果影响着宿主细胞的生理过程和HSV-1的复制。本文综述了近年来宿主因子在HSV-1复制过程中的调控作用及其机制,为抗HSV-1药物和疫苗研发提供新的思路。
基金supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Plan Project(2022YFB3304700)in part by the Xinliao Talent Program of Liaoning Province(XLYC2202002).
文摘As industrial production progresses toward digitalization,massive amounts of data have been collected,transmitted,and stored,with characteristics of large-scale,high-dimensional,heterogeneous,and spatiotemporal dynamics.The high complexity of industrial big data poses challenges for the practical decision-making of domain experts,leading to ever-increasing needs for integrating computational intelligence with human perception into traditional data analysis.Industrial big data visualization integrates theoretical methods and practical technologies from multiple disciplines,including data mining,information visualization,computer graphics,and human-computer interaction,providing a highly effective manner for understanding and exploring the complex industrial processes.This review summarizes the state-of-the-art approaches,characterizes them with six visualization methods,and categorizes them based on analytical tasks and applications.Furthermore,key research challenges and potential future directions are identified.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.12175321,11975021,and 11675275)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDA10010900)。
文摘The Taishan Antineutrino Observatory(TAO)is a satellite experiment of the Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory,located near the Taishan nuclear power plant(NPP).The TAO aims to measure the energy spectrum of reactor antineutrinos with unprecedented precision,which would benefit both reactor neutrino physics and the nuclear database.A detector geometry and event visualization system was developed for the TAO.The software was based on ROOT packages and embedded in the TAO offline software framework.This provided an intuitive tool for visualizing the detector geometry,tuning the reconstruction algorithm,understanding neutrino physics,and monitoring the operation of reactors at NPP.Further applications of the visualization system in the experimental operation of TAO and its future development are discussed.
文摘Objective:Based on the CNKI database,this study analyzes the current research status and hotspots of the Timing it Right(TIR)Theory in China,providing insights and references for its further development in the field of nursing.Methods:Using bibliometric methods and Citespace software,this study conducts a statistical and visual analysis of publications on TIR Theory from CNKI,focusing on annual publication volumes,author collaboration networks,high-frequency keywords,and emergent terms.Results:The study statistically analyzed the time distribution and research hotspots of 117 relevant papers.The annual publication volume shows a gradual upward trend,though the overall volume remains low.High-frequency keywords such as“family nursing,”“quality of life,”“acute myocardial infarction,”and“stroke”form the core research themes.Conclusion:Research on TIR Theory in China’s nursing field is still in the exploratory stage,and its attention and emphasis need to be enhanced.As it aligns with modern medical models,its application scope in nursing is expanding,promoting the high-quality,scientific,and diversified development of nursing services in China.
