Objective: To evaluate the trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of Eugenia jambolana(E. jambolana) and Eugenia uniflora(E. uniflora) extracts and fractions.Methods: The products were characterized by LC...Objective: To evaluate the trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of Eugenia jambolana(E. jambolana) and Eugenia uniflora(E. uniflora) extracts and fractions.Methods: The products were characterized by LC–MS. Antiparasitic assays were performed and cytotoxicity was evaluated in fibroblastos. In vitro assays were performed using spectrophotometric evaluation. All assays were performed in thrice.Results: The results showed that the extracts and the tannic fraction from E. jambolana inhibited 100% of the epimastigote lines. The ethanolic extract was the most efficient in all concentrations tested against the three parasite strains. In the cytotoxicity assay the flavonoid fraction showed low toxicity. All E. uniflora samples showed cytotoxicity at the highest concentration tested, but the extract showed no toxic effect on the fibroblasts at the lowest concentration. The flavonoid and tannic fractions were more efficient against Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes compared to the extract. However, the extracts and the tannic fraction were more effective against Leishmania infantum strains. The effect on epimastigote cells was observed at all concentrations tested, with all E. uniflora samples. However, the samples were more effective at the highest concentration, where there was inhibition in 100% of the Trypanosoma cruzi strains.Conclusions: The species E. jambolana and E. uniflora presented antiparasitic activity against all tested parasite strains, indicating that these species can serve as an alternative therapy as they were efficient in the tests performed. The E. uniflora extract and the E. jambolana flavonoid fraction presented a low cytotoxicity, opening the floor for new biological studies.展开更多
The synthesis of nanoparticles by biological methods using microorganisms, enzymes, or plant extracts has been suggested as a possible ecofriendly alternative to chemical and physical methods that involve the use of h...The synthesis of nanoparticles by biological methods using microorganisms, enzymes, or plant extracts has been suggested as a possible ecofriendly alternative to chemical and physical methods that involve the use of harmful reducing agents. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was achieved using Eugenia uniflora ripe fruit extract, which was characterized by phytochemical screening revealing the presence of polyphenols (quinones, flavonoids, and tannins), reducing compounds, and terpenes. These excellent antioxidants reduced silver nitrate to give the AgNPs, which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ζ potential analysis. The diameter of the AgNPs ranged from 10.56 ± 1.2 nm to 107.56 ± 5.7 nm. The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was evaluated using a modification of the Kirby-Bauer technique with Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition halos were 11.12 ± 0.02 mm, 13.96 ± 0.07 mm, and 11.29 ± 0.76 mm, respectively. The synthesis using E. uniflora is an ecofriendly and low cost method of obtaining silver nanoparticles that could be used in health sciences because of their activity against bacteria with antibiotic resistance.展开更多
Bio-fractionation process is the most reliable protocol,which enables the screening and purification of phytoconstituents from the crude extracts efficiently.Soil transmitted helminths induce the most challenging heal...Bio-fractionation process is the most reliable protocol,which enables the screening and purification of phytoconstituents from the crude extracts efficiently.Soil transmitted helminths induce the most challenging health concerns,which need to be addressed in a holistic way for natural product utilization.Surinam cherry fruits,rich in phytonutrients and secondary metabolites with several health benefits are also reported to have anthelmintic potential.Bioassay guided fractionation of Surinam cherry mature green pulp ethanol(MPE)extract afforded five active fractions with higher anthelmintic activity against all the stages of Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis indica than their crude extract.The active fractions were further characterized using UPLC-HRMS/MS analysis and FTIR.Fraction C3 obtained using 100%chloroform resulted in 97.67%inhibition of egg hatching,95%larval death with APT of 8.08 min,and 95.33%adult worm death with APT of 4 min at the concentration of 2 mg/ml in C.elegans.The anthelmintic activity of C3 was correlated to 14 phenolic compounds such as kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide,kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside,isorhamnetin,rhamnetin,isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside,catechin,eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside,luteolin-6-C-glucoside,4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,estragole,biochanin A,syringaresinol,juglone,and pterostilbene present in it.This study indicates that relatively more active fractions could be separated from Surinam cherry MPE crude extract for anthelmintic potential against C.elegans and H.indica,which can be used for pharmaceutical applications.展开更多
文摘Objective: To evaluate the trypanocidal, leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity of Eugenia jambolana(E. jambolana) and Eugenia uniflora(E. uniflora) extracts and fractions.Methods: The products were characterized by LC–MS. Antiparasitic assays were performed and cytotoxicity was evaluated in fibroblastos. In vitro assays were performed using spectrophotometric evaluation. All assays were performed in thrice.Results: The results showed that the extracts and the tannic fraction from E. jambolana inhibited 100% of the epimastigote lines. The ethanolic extract was the most efficient in all concentrations tested against the three parasite strains. In the cytotoxicity assay the flavonoid fraction showed low toxicity. All E. uniflora samples showed cytotoxicity at the highest concentration tested, but the extract showed no toxic effect on the fibroblasts at the lowest concentration. The flavonoid and tannic fractions were more efficient against Leishmania braziliensis promastigotes compared to the extract. However, the extracts and the tannic fraction were more effective against Leishmania infantum strains. The effect on epimastigote cells was observed at all concentrations tested, with all E. uniflora samples. However, the samples were more effective at the highest concentration, where there was inhibition in 100% of the Trypanosoma cruzi strains.Conclusions: The species E. jambolana and E. uniflora presented antiparasitic activity against all tested parasite strains, indicating that these species can serve as an alternative therapy as they were efficient in the tests performed. The E. uniflora extract and the E. jambolana flavonoid fraction presented a low cytotoxicity, opening the floor for new biological studies.
文摘The synthesis of nanoparticles by biological methods using microorganisms, enzymes, or plant extracts has been suggested as a possible ecofriendly alternative to chemical and physical methods that involve the use of harmful reducing agents. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was achieved using Eugenia uniflora ripe fruit extract, which was characterized by phytochemical screening revealing the presence of polyphenols (quinones, flavonoids, and tannins), reducing compounds, and terpenes. These excellent antioxidants reduced silver nitrate to give the AgNPs, which were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ζ potential analysis. The diameter of the AgNPs ranged from 10.56 ± 1.2 nm to 107.56 ± 5.7 nm. The antibacterial activity of the AgNPs was evaluated using a modification of the Kirby-Bauer technique with Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition halos were 11.12 ± 0.02 mm, 13.96 ± 0.07 mm, and 11.29 ± 0.76 mm, respectively. The synthesis using E. uniflora is an ecofriendly and low cost method of obtaining silver nanoparticles that could be used in health sciences because of their activity against bacteria with antibiotic resistance.
文摘Bio-fractionation process is the most reliable protocol,which enables the screening and purification of phytoconstituents from the crude extracts efficiently.Soil transmitted helminths induce the most challenging health concerns,which need to be addressed in a holistic way for natural product utilization.Surinam cherry fruits,rich in phytonutrients and secondary metabolites with several health benefits are also reported to have anthelmintic potential.Bioassay guided fractionation of Surinam cherry mature green pulp ethanol(MPE)extract afforded five active fractions with higher anthelmintic activity against all the stages of Caenorhabditis elegans and Heterorhabditis indica than their crude extract.The active fractions were further characterized using UPLC-HRMS/MS analysis and FTIR.Fraction C3 obtained using 100%chloroform resulted in 97.67%inhibition of egg hatching,95%larval death with APT of 8.08 min,and 95.33%adult worm death with APT of 4 min at the concentration of 2 mg/ml in C.elegans.The anthelmintic activity of C3 was correlated to 14 phenolic compounds such as kaempferol-3-O-glucuronide,kaempferol-3-O-sophoroside,isorhamnetin,rhamnetin,isorhamnetin-3-O-glucoside,catechin,eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside,luteolin-6-C-glucoside,4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid,estragole,biochanin A,syringaresinol,juglone,and pterostilbene present in it.This study indicates that relatively more active fractions could be separated from Surinam cherry MPE crude extract for anthelmintic potential against C.elegans and H.indica,which can be used for pharmaceutical applications.
