The high-affinity K＋ （HAK） transporter gene family is the largest family in plant that functions as potassium transporter and is important for various aspects of plant life. In the present study, we identified 27 m...The high-affinity K＋ （HAK） transporter gene family is the largest family in plant that functions as potassium transporter and is important for various aspects of plant life. In the present study, we identified 27 members of this family in rice genome. The phylogenetic tree divided the land plant HAK transporter proteins into 6 distinct groups. Although the main characteristic of this family was established before the origin of seed plants, they also showed some differences between the members of non-seed and seed plants. The HAK genes in rice were found to have expanded in lineage-specific manner after the split of monocots and dicots, and both segmental duplication events and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of this family. Functional divergence analysis for this family provided statistical evidence for shifted evolutionary rate after gene duplication. Further analysis indicated that both point mutant with positive selection and gene conversion events contributed to the evolution of this family in rice.展开更多
We propose a new flame index for the transported probability density function(PDF) method. The flame index uses mixing flux projections of Lagrangian particles on mixture fraction and progress variable directions as t...We propose a new flame index for the transported probability density function(PDF) method. The flame index uses mixing flux projections of Lagrangian particles on mixture fraction and progress variable directions as the metrics to identify the combustion mode, with the Burke-Schumann solution as a reference. A priori validation of the flame index is conducted with a series of constructed turbulent partially premixed reactors. It indicates that the proposed flame index is able to identify the combustion mode based on the subgrid mixing information. The flame index is then applied the large eddy simulation/PDF datasets of turbulent partially premixed jet flames. Results show that the flame index separate different combustion modes and extinction correctly. The proposed flame index provides a promising tool to analyze and model the partially premixed flames adaptively.展开更多
In present paper, the non-equilibrium Green function(NEGF) method along with the density functional theory(DFT) are used to investigate the effect of width on transport and electronic properties of armchair graphyne(...In present paper, the non-equilibrium Green function(NEGF) method along with the density functional theory(DFT) are used to investigate the effect of width on transport and electronic properties of armchair graphyne(γ-graphyne) nanoribbons. The results show that all the studied nanoribbons are semiconductor and their band gaps decrease as the widths of nanoribbons increase, which will result in increasing current at a certain voltage. Also our results show the promising application of armchair graphyne nanoribbons in nano-electrical devices.展开更多
In the present work, firstly, a first-principles study of the structural, electronic, and electron transport properties of the HgxMg1-xTe（HMT） ternary compound is performed using the ABINIT package and the results a...In the present work, firstly, a first-principles study of the structural, electronic, and electron transport properties of the HgxMg1-xTe（HMT） ternary compound is performed using the ABINIT package and the results are compared with Cd0.9Zn0.1 Te（CZT） as a current room-temperature photodetector. Next, the response functions of Hg0.6Mg0.4Te and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te under electromagnetic irradiation with 0.05 Me V, 0.2 MeV, 0.661 MeV and 1.33 MeV energies are simulated by using the MCNP code. According to these simulations, the Hg0.6Mg0.4Te ternary compound is suggested as a good semiconductor photodetector for use at room temperature.展开更多
Electroosmotic water vapor transport (WVT) across very thin, flexible, functionalized conducting polymer (CP) microporous (μP) membranes at a very high rate is reported. Both passive and active (6 VDC applied) WVT ar...Electroosmotic water vapor transport (WVT) across very thin, flexible, functionalized conducting polymer (CP) microporous (μP) membranes at a very high rate is reported. Both passive and active (6 VDC applied) WVT are reported, the latter for the first time ever. WVT occurs with concomitant, effective blocking of chemical warfare (CW) agents, again demonstrated for the first time ever. Initial active liquid||membrane||liquid interface studies demonstrated WVT rates of >1.7 × 10-5g .mm-2s-1, >3 × the highest prior reported values of 5 × 10-6g.mm-2s-1. Subsequent vapor||membrane|| vapor interface studies using industry-standard methods (including ASTM E96B Upright Cup (“WVT”), ASTM F2298 (“Dynamic Moisture Permeation Cell”) and ASTM F1868 (“Sweating Guard Hotplate”) were done at independent, external labs for independent corroboration. These yielded, e.g., WVT values of2564.4 g.m2.d-1 (passive) and3706.7 g.m2d-1 (active), to be compared with the highest (passive) value ever reported previously,984.8 g.m2.d-1 for a μP-Nylon membrane. More than 15 different membrane configurations, porosities and types were studied, including membranes with CP + organophosphate hydrolase (OPH), an enzyme reactive to CW agents. Efficient blocking of the actual CW agents GB, HD, VX is also reported, using the TOP-8-2-501standard. Membranes also passed all Industry-standard durability tests, e.g. ASTM D2261 (Tearing), ASTM D5034 (Breaking), ASTM D3886 (Abrasion), ASTM F392 (Gelbo Flex). Incorporation into smart soldiers’ garments was demonstrated;power consumption was -2. Mechanisms of enhanced WVT and CW agent blocking in the membranes are discussed.展开更多
Background： Cinnamicaldehyde（CA） is a key flavor compound in cinnamon essential oil possessing various bioactivities. Tight junction（TJ） proteins are vital for the maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier fun...Background： Cinnamicaldehyde（CA） is a key flavor compound in cinnamon essential oil possessing various bioactivities. Tight junction（TJ） proteins are vital for the maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier function,transport, absorption and utilization of dietary amino acids and other nutrients. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CA may regulate the expression of TJ proteins and amino acid transporters in intestinal porcine epithelial cells（IPEC-1） isolated from neonatal pigs.Results： Compared with the control, cells incubated with 25 μmol/L CA had increased transepithelial electrical resistance（TEER） and decreased paracellular intestinal permeability. The beneficial effect of CA on mucosal barrier function was associated with enhanced protein abundance for claudin-4, zonula occludens（ZO）-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3. Immunofluorescence staining showed that 25 μmol/L CA promoted the localization of claudin-1 and claudin-3 to the plasma membrane without affecting the localization of other TJ proteins, including claudin-4, occludin,ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3, compared with the control cells. Moreover, protein abundances for rBAT, xCT and LAT2 in IPEC-1 cells were enhanced by 25 μmol/L CA, while that for EAAT3 was not affected.Conclusions： CA improves intestinal mucosal barrier function by regulating the distribution of claudin-1 and claudin-3 in enterocytes, as well as enhancing protein abundance for amino acid transporters rBAT, xCT and LAT2 in enterocytes. Supplementation with CA may provide an effective nutritional strategy to improve intestinal integrity and amino acid transport and absorption in piglets.展开更多
Exploring, designing, and synthesizing novel organic field-effect transistor （OFET） materials have kept an important and hot issue in organic electronics. In the current work, the charge transport properties for 2,5...Exploring, designing, and synthesizing novel organic field-effect transistor （OFET） materials have kept an important and hot issue in organic electronics. In the current work, the charge transport properties for 2,5-di（cyanovinyl）thiophene/furan crystal associating two pentafluorophenyl units linked via the azomethine bond, CTE and CFE have been theoretically investigated by means of density functional theory （DFT） calculations coupled with the incoherent charge-hopping mechanism and the kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. Results show that these two compounds possess remarkably low-lying HOMO （-7.0 eV） and LUMO （-4.0 eV） levels, as well as large electron affinities （〉 3.0 eV）, which indicate their high stability exposed to air as promising OFET materials. However, the ph value at room temperature （T = 300 K） is predicted to be 2.058x10^7 cm26Vl·s-1, and the is as low as 9.834^10-8 cm2-V-l.s-1 for CFT crystal. Meanwhile, these two values are 7.561 x 10-8 and 8.437 x 10-8 cm2.V-I.s-1 for the CFE crystal, respectively. Furthermore, the simulation of angle-dependent mobility in the a-b, a-c, and b-c crystal planes shows that the charge transport in CTE and CFE crystals is remarkably anisotropic, which maybe is helpful for the fabrication of high-performance OFET devices.展开更多
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China (No. 2006CB101700)the National High- tech Research and Development Program (No. 2006AA10Z165)the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in Uni-versity of China (No. NCET2005-05- 0502).
文摘The high-affinity K＋ （HAK） transporter gene family is the largest family in plant that functions as potassium transporter and is important for various aspects of plant life. In the present study, we identified 27 members of this family in rice genome. The phylogenetic tree divided the land plant HAK transporter proteins into 6 distinct groups. Although the main characteristic of this family was established before the origin of seed plants, they also showed some differences between the members of non-seed and seed plants. The HAK genes in rice were found to have expanded in lineage-specific manner after the split of monocots and dicots, and both segmental duplication events and tandem duplication events contributed to the expansion of this family. Functional divergence analysis for this family provided statistical evidence for shifted evolutionary rate after gene duplication. Further analysis indicated that both point mutant with positive selection and gene conversion events contributed to the evolution of this family in rice.
基金sponsored by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.91841302)。
文摘We propose a new flame index for the transported probability density function(PDF) method. The flame index uses mixing flux projections of Lagrangian particles on mixture fraction and progress variable directions as the metrics to identify the combustion mode, with the Burke-Schumann solution as a reference. A priori validation of the flame index is conducted with a series of constructed turbulent partially premixed reactors. It indicates that the proposed flame index is able to identify the combustion mode based on the subgrid mixing information. The flame index is then applied the large eddy simulation/PDF datasets of turbulent partially premixed jet flames. Results show that the flame index separate different combustion modes and extinction correctly. The proposed flame index provides a promising tool to analyze and model the partially premixed flames adaptively.
文摘In present paper, the non-equilibrium Green function(NEGF) method along with the density functional theory(DFT) are used to investigate the effect of width on transport and electronic properties of armchair graphyne(γ-graphyne) nanoribbons. The results show that all the studied nanoribbons are semiconductor and their band gaps decrease as the widths of nanoribbons increase, which will result in increasing current at a certain voltage. Also our results show the promising application of armchair graphyne nanoribbons in nano-electrical devices.
基金the support of Shahrekord University under project number 230689
文摘In the present work, firstly, a first-principles study of the structural, electronic, and electron transport properties of the HgxMg1-xTe（HMT） ternary compound is performed using the ABINIT package and the results are compared with Cd0.9Zn0.1 Te（CZT） as a current room-temperature photodetector. Next, the response functions of Hg0.6Mg0.4Te and Cd0.9Zn0.1Te under electromagnetic irradiation with 0.05 Me V, 0.2 MeV, 0.661 MeV and 1.33 MeV energies are simulated by using the MCNP code. According to these simulations, the Hg0.6Mg0.4Te ternary compound is suggested as a good semiconductor photodetector for use at room temperature.
文摘Electroosmotic water vapor transport (WVT) across very thin, flexible, functionalized conducting polymer (CP) microporous (μP) membranes at a very high rate is reported. Both passive and active (6 VDC applied) WVT are reported, the latter for the first time ever. WVT occurs with concomitant, effective blocking of chemical warfare (CW) agents, again demonstrated for the first time ever. Initial active liquid||membrane||liquid interface studies demonstrated WVT rates of >1.7 × 10-5g .mm-2s-1, >3 × the highest prior reported values of 5 × 10-6g.mm-2s-1. Subsequent vapor||membrane|| vapor interface studies using industry-standard methods (including ASTM E96B Upright Cup (“WVT”), ASTM F2298 (“Dynamic Moisture Permeation Cell”) and ASTM F1868 (“Sweating Guard Hotplate”) were done at independent, external labs for independent corroboration. These yielded, e.g., WVT values of2564.4 g.m2.d-1 (passive) and3706.7 g.m2d-1 (active), to be compared with the highest (passive) value ever reported previously,984.8 g.m2.d-1 for a μP-Nylon membrane. More than 15 different membrane configurations, porosities and types were studied, including membranes with CP + organophosphate hydrolase (OPH), an enzyme reactive to CW agents. Efficient blocking of the actual CW agents GB, HD, VX is also reported, using the TOP-8-2-501standard. Membranes also passed all Industry-standard durability tests, e.g. ASTM D2261 (Tearing), ASTM D5034 (Breaking), ASTM D3886 (Abrasion), ASTM F392 (Gelbo Flex). Incorporation into smart soldiers’ garments was demonstrated;power consumption was -2. Mechanisms of enhanced WVT and CW agent blocking in the membranes are discussed.
基金supported the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31572410,31572412,31625025)the 111 Project(B16044)+2 种基金the Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University(NCET-12-0522)the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture(No.2014-6701521770)Texas A&M Agri Life Research(H-8200)
文摘Background： Cinnamicaldehyde（CA） is a key flavor compound in cinnamon essential oil possessing various bioactivities. Tight junction（TJ） proteins are vital for the maintenance of intestinal epithelial barrier function,transport, absorption and utilization of dietary amino acids and other nutrients. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that CA may regulate the expression of TJ proteins and amino acid transporters in intestinal porcine epithelial cells（IPEC-1） isolated from neonatal pigs.Results： Compared with the control, cells incubated with 25 μmol/L CA had increased transepithelial electrical resistance（TEER） and decreased paracellular intestinal permeability. The beneficial effect of CA on mucosal barrier function was associated with enhanced protein abundance for claudin-4, zonula occludens（ZO）-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3. Immunofluorescence staining showed that 25 μmol/L CA promoted the localization of claudin-1 and claudin-3 to the plasma membrane without affecting the localization of other TJ proteins, including claudin-4, occludin,ZO-1, ZO-2, and ZO-3, compared with the control cells. Moreover, protein abundances for rBAT, xCT and LAT2 in IPEC-1 cells were enhanced by 25 μmol/L CA, while that for EAAT3 was not affected.Conclusions： CA improves intestinal mucosal barrier function by regulating the distribution of claudin-1 and claudin-3 in enterocytes, as well as enhancing protein abundance for amino acid transporters rBAT, xCT and LAT2 in enterocytes. Supplementation with CA may provide an effective nutritional strategy to improve intestinal integrity and amino acid transport and absorption in piglets.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.21373132,21173138,21502109)the Doctor Research start foundation of Shaanxi University of Technology(No.SLGKYQD2-13,SLGKYQD2-10,SLGQD14-10)
文摘Exploring, designing, and synthesizing novel organic field-effect transistor （OFET） materials have kept an important and hot issue in organic electronics. In the current work, the charge transport properties for 2,5-di（cyanovinyl）thiophene/furan crystal associating two pentafluorophenyl units linked via the azomethine bond, CTE and CFE have been theoretically investigated by means of density functional theory （DFT） calculations coupled with the incoherent charge-hopping mechanism and the kinetic Monte Carlo simulation. Results show that these two compounds possess remarkably low-lying HOMO （-7.0 eV） and LUMO （-4.0 eV） levels, as well as large electron affinities （〉 3.0 eV）, which indicate their high stability exposed to air as promising OFET materials. However, the ph value at room temperature （T = 300 K） is predicted to be 2.058x10^7 cm26Vl·s-1, and the is as low as 9.834^10-8 cm2-V-l.s-1 for CFT crystal. Meanwhile, these two values are 7.561 x 10-8 and 8.437 x 10-8 cm2.V-I.s-1 for the CFE crystal, respectively. Furthermore, the simulation of angle-dependent mobility in the a-b, a-c, and b-c crystal planes shows that the charge transport in CTE and CFE crystals is remarkably anisotropic, which maybe is helpful for the fabrication of high-performance OFET devices.
