Glucose,ascorbic acid(AA),uric acid(UA),and dopamine(DA)are vital biomarkers whose dynamic concentrations correlate with critical diseases;however,multiplexed detection remains challenging for conventional electrochem...Glucose,ascorbic acid(AA),uric acid(UA),and dopamine(DA)are vital biomarkers whose dynamic concentrations correlate with critical diseases;however,multiplexed detection remains challenging for conventional electrochemical sensors because of their limited sensitivity and selectivity.Here,we present a millimeter-scale all-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)organic electrochemical transistor(OECT)platform that integrates dual-mode sensing with enzyme/metal-free operation for ultrasensitive biomarker monitoring.By engineering polycrystalline PEDOT:PSS channels via H_2 SO_4 post-treatment,the device achieves record-high conductivity(about(2312.0±29.9)S·cm^(–1)),maximum transconductance(about(2.82±0.12)mS),and on/off ratio(about 210.0±7.8),enabling signal amplification at low gate voltages.The dual-mode strategy combines the selectivity of electrochemistry with the sensitivity of OECTs,realizing simultaneous detection of glucose,AA,UA,and DA with clinical-level sensitivity:detection limits down to 8 nmol·L^(–1)(glucose),0.5 nmol·L^(–1)(AA),5 nmol·L^(–1)(DA),and 0.5 nmol·L^(–1)(UA).Validation using human urine samples yielded recovery rates of 94%–114%.This flexible sensing platform provides a new pathway for the development of wearable biosensors for precision diagnostics.展开更多
The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has accelerated data generation,which increasingly exposes the limitations faced by traditional computational architectures,particularly in terms of energy consumption and d...The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has accelerated data generation,which increasingly exposes the limitations faced by traditional computational architectures,particularly in terms of energy consumption and data latency.In contrast,data-centric computing that integrates processing and storage has the potential of reducing latency and energy usage.Organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors have emerged as one type of promising devices to implement the data-centric com-puting paradigm owing to their superiority of flexibility,low cost,and large-area fabrication.However,sophisticated functions including vector-matrix multiplication that a single device can achieve are limited.Thus,the fabrication and utilization of organic optoelectronic synaptic transistor arrays(OOSTAs)are imperative.Here,we summarize the recent advances in OOSTAs.Various strategies for manufacturing OOSTAs are introduced,including coating and casting,physical vapor deposition,printing,and photolithography.Furthermore,innovative applications of the OOSTA system integration are discussed,including neuromor-phic visual systems and neuromorphic computing systems.At last,challenges and future perspectives of utilizing OOSTAs in real-world applications are discussed.展开更多
In this data explosion era,ensuring the secure storage,access,and transmission of information is imperative,encom-passing all aspects ranging from safeguarding personal devices to formulating national information secu...In this data explosion era,ensuring the secure storage,access,and transmission of information is imperative,encom-passing all aspects ranging from safeguarding personal devices to formulating national information security strategies.Leverag-ing the potential offered by dual-type carriers for transportation and employing optical modulation techniques to develop high reconfigurable ambipolar optoelectronic transistors enables effective implementation of information destruction after read-ing,thereby guaranteeing data security.In this study,a reconfigurable ambipolar optoelectronic synaptic transistor based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)and poly[[N,N-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-napthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)](N2200)blend film was fabricated through solution-processed method.The resulting transistor exhib-ited a relatively large ON/OFF ratio of 10^(3) in both n-and p-type regions,and tunable photoconductivity after light illumination,particularly with green light.The photo-generated carriers could be effectively trapped under the gate bias,indicating its poten-tial application in mimicking synaptic behaviors.Furthermore,the synaptic plasticity,including volatile/non-volatile and excita-tory/inhibitory characteristics,could be finely modulated by electrical and optical stimuli.These optoelectronic reconfigurable properties enable the realization of information light assisted burn after reading.This study not only offers valuable insights for the advancement of high-performance ambipolar organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors but also presents innovative ideas for the future information security access systems.展开更多
Poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymer films generally demonstrate limited compatibility with organic semiconductors. The material is frequently compromised by exposure to organic semiconductor sol...Poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymer films generally demonstrate limited compatibility with organic semiconductors. The material is frequently compromised by exposure to organic semiconductor solutions and other fabrication processes utilized in the production of organic ferroelectric transistors. In this study, an organic ferroelectric field effect transistor(OFeFET) with the 6,13-Bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene(TIPS-pentacene) channel is fabricated, in which the aluminum oxide(Al_(2)O_(3)) interlayer is used to improve compatibility. The device displays polymorphic memory and synaptic plasticity of long-term potentiation and depression. Furthermore, an artificial neural network constructed using our devices is simulated to succeed in recognizing the MNIST handwritten digit database with a high accuracy of 92.8%. This research offers a viable approach to enhance the compatibility of the organic ferroelectric polymer P(VDF-TrFE) with organic semiconductors.展开更多
研究了基于厚AlN模板层的GaN/AlN大失配外延及AlN背势垒高电子迁移率晶体管(High electron mobility transistor,HEMT)的制备及电特性。研究发现,采用“3D+2D”两步外延法可在厚AlN模板上成功外延出<600 nm的高质量GaN沟道层。制备的...研究了基于厚AlN模板层的GaN/AlN大失配外延及AlN背势垒高电子迁移率晶体管(High electron mobility transistor,HEMT)的制备及电特性。研究发现,采用“3D+2D”两步外延法可在厚AlN模板上成功外延出<600 nm的高质量GaN沟道层。制备的AlN背势垒HEMT器件具有优异的开关比、低漏电流以及高达2755 V的击穿电压,优于传统采用高阻GaN缓冲层的HEMT器件,证明了AlN背势垒HEMT在高频、高压功率及射频器件中的巨大应用前景。展开更多
Organic electrochemical transistors have emerged as a solution for artificial synapses that mimic the neural functions of the brain structure,holding great potentials to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architectur...Organic electrochemical transistors have emerged as a solution for artificial synapses that mimic the neural functions of the brain structure,holding great potentials to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architectures.However,current artificial synapses rely primarily on electrical signals,and little attention has been paid to the vital role of neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses.Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter associated with emotion regulation and cognitive processes that needs to be monitored in real time to advance the development of disease diagnostics and neuroscience.To provide insights into the development of artificial synapses with neurotransmitter involvement,this review proposes three steps towards future biomimic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.We first summarize OECT-based dopamine detection devices,and then review advances in neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses and resultant advanced neuromorphic systems.Finally,by exploring the challenges and opportunities related to such neuromorphic systems,we provide a perspective on the future development of biomimetic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.展开更多
Iron-porphyrin metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have emerged as a remarkable class of semiconductors with adjustable photoelectrical properties and peroxidase-mimicking activities,yet their full potential remains largely...Iron-porphyrin metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have emerged as a remarkable class of semiconductors with adjustable photoelectrical properties and peroxidase-mimicking activities,yet their full potential remains largely unexplored.The organic photoelectrochemical transistor(OPECT)has been proven to be a prominent platform for diverse applications.Herein,iron-porphyrin MOFs,as bifunctional photo-gating module and horseradish peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme,is explored for novel OPECT bioanalysis.Exemplified by alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)-dependent sandwich immunorecognition and therein glucose oxidase(GOx)-generated H_(2)O_(2)to etch CdS quantum dots on the surface of iron-porphyrin MOFs,this OPECT bioanalysis achieved high-performance AFP detection with a low detection limit of 24 fg/mL.This work featured a bifunctional iron-porphyrin MOFs gated OPECT,which is envisioned to inspire more interest in developing the diverse MOFs-nanozymes toward novel optoelectronics and beyond.展开更多
Rapid development of artificial intelligence requires the implementation of hardware systems with bioinspired parallel information processing and presentation and energy efficiency.Electrolyte-gated organic transistor...Rapid development of artificial intelligence requires the implementation of hardware systems with bioinspired parallel information processing and presentation and energy efficiency.Electrolyte-gated organic transistors(EGOTs)offer significant advantages as neuromorphic devices due to their ultra-low operation voltages,minimal hardwired connectivity,and similar operation environment as electrophysiology.Meanwhile,ionic–electronic coupling and the relatively low elastic moduli of organic channel materials make EGOTs suitable for interfacing with biology.This review presents an overview of the device architectures based on organic electrochemical transistors and organic field-effect transistors.Furthermore,we review the requirements of low energy consumption and tunable synaptic plasticity of EGOTs in emulating biological synapses and how they are affected by the organic materials,electrolyte,architecture,and operation mechanism.In addition,we summarize the basic operation principle of biological sensory systems and the recent progress of EGOTs as a building block in artificial systems.Finally,the current challenges and future development of the organic neuromorphic devices are discussed.展开更多
The novel structure of the AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)with a groove double field-plate is proposed in this paper,which resolves the issue of the current collapse caused by the high electric field...The novel structure of the AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)with a groove double field-plate is proposed in this paper,which resolves the issue of the current collapse caused by the high electric field at the gate edge of conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT.The current transport mechanism of the novel device and its effectiveness to suppress current collapse are studied.Based on the introduction of the groove dual-field plate,the depletion region of the novel device is extended.The electric field peak at the gate edge is reduced and the distribution of the electric field is more uniform.As a result,the new structure can improve the current collapse without significantly reducing the drain current.Compared with the conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT,the suppression effect of the new device on the current collapse effect is increased by 94.1%when L_(fp1)=0.3μm and L_(fp2)=0.7μm.展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.52272214,52372082,52466013,52373184,and U24A20660)Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(Nos.20242BAB26059,20232BAB204032,20252BAC200290,20252BEJ730349,and 20252BAC240326)Doctoral Start-Up Fund of Jiangxi Science&Technology Normal University(No.2024BSQD16)。
文摘Glucose,ascorbic acid(AA),uric acid(UA),and dopamine(DA)are vital biomarkers whose dynamic concentrations correlate with critical diseases;however,multiplexed detection remains challenging for conventional electrochemical sensors because of their limited sensitivity and selectivity.Here,we present a millimeter-scale all-poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):poly(styrenesulfonate)(PEDOT:PSS)organic electrochemical transistor(OECT)platform that integrates dual-mode sensing with enzyme/metal-free operation for ultrasensitive biomarker monitoring.By engineering polycrystalline PEDOT:PSS channels via H_2 SO_4 post-treatment,the device achieves record-high conductivity(about(2312.0±29.9)S·cm^(–1)),maximum transconductance(about(2.82±0.12)mS),and on/off ratio(about 210.0±7.8),enabling signal amplification at low gate voltages.The dual-mode strategy combines the selectivity of electrochemistry with the sensitivity of OECTs,realizing simultaneous detection of glucose,AA,UA,and DA with clinical-level sensitivity:detection limits down to 8 nmol·L^(–1)(glucose),0.5 nmol·L^(–1)(AA),5 nmol·L^(–1)(DA),and 0.5 nmol·L^(–1)(UA).Validation using human urine samples yielded recovery rates of 94%–114%.This flexible sensing platform provides a new pathway for the development of wearable biosensors for precision diagnostics.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFA1101303)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62374115)the Innovation Program of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission(2021-01-07-00-07-E00096).
文摘The rapid growth of artificial intelligence has accelerated data generation,which increasingly exposes the limitations faced by traditional computational architectures,particularly in terms of energy consumption and data latency.In contrast,data-centric computing that integrates processing and storage has the potential of reducing latency and energy usage.Organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors have emerged as one type of promising devices to implement the data-centric com-puting paradigm owing to their superiority of flexibility,low cost,and large-area fabrication.However,sophisticated functions including vector-matrix multiplication that a single device can achieve are limited.Thus,the fabrication and utilization of organic optoelectronic synaptic transistor arrays(OOSTAs)are imperative.Here,we summarize the recent advances in OOSTAs.Various strategies for manufacturing OOSTAs are introduced,including coating and casting,physical vapor deposition,printing,and photolithography.Furthermore,innovative applications of the OOSTA system integration are discussed,including neuromor-phic visual systems and neuromorphic computing systems.At last,challenges and future perspectives of utilizing OOSTAs in real-world applications are discussed.
基金the National Natural-Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62304137)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(Grant Nos.2023A1515012479,2024A1515011737,and 2024A1515010006)+4 种基金the Science and Technology Innovation Commission of Shenzhen(Grant No.JCYJ20220818100206013)RSC Researcher Collaborations Grant(Grant No.C23-2422436283)State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration(Independent Scientific Research Program No.2024010)the Project on Frontier and Interdisciplinary Research Assessment,Academic Divisions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XK2023XXA002)NTUT-SZU Joint Research Program.
文摘In this data explosion era,ensuring the secure storage,access,and transmission of information is imperative,encom-passing all aspects ranging from safeguarding personal devices to formulating national information security strategies.Leverag-ing the potential offered by dual-type carriers for transportation and employing optical modulation techniques to develop high reconfigurable ambipolar optoelectronic transistors enables effective implementation of information destruction after read-ing,thereby guaranteeing data security.In this study,a reconfigurable ambipolar optoelectronic synaptic transistor based on poly(3-hexylthiophene)(P3HT)and poly[[N,N-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-napthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-2,6-diyl]-alt-5,5′-(2,2′-bithiophene)](N2200)blend film was fabricated through solution-processed method.The resulting transistor exhib-ited a relatively large ON/OFF ratio of 10^(3) in both n-and p-type regions,and tunable photoconductivity after light illumination,particularly with green light.The photo-generated carriers could be effectively trapped under the gate bias,indicating its poten-tial application in mimicking synaptic behaviors.Furthermore,the synaptic plasticity,including volatile/non-volatile and excita-tory/inhibitory characteristics,could be finely modulated by electrical and optical stimuli.These optoelectronic reconfigurable properties enable the realization of information light assisted burn after reading.This study not only offers valuable insights for the advancement of high-performance ambipolar organic optoelectronic synaptic transistors but also presents innovative ideas for the future information security access systems.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development program of China (Nos. 2024YFA1410700 and 2021YFA1200700)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. T2222025, 62174053, 62474065 and 52372120)+3 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing (CSTB2024NSCQ-JQX0005)the Shanghai Science and Technology Innovation Action Plan (Nos. 24QA2702300 and 24YF2710400)the National Postdoctoral Program (GZB20240225)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities。
文摘Poly(vinylidene-trifluoroethylene) [P(VDF-TrFE)] copolymer films generally demonstrate limited compatibility with organic semiconductors. The material is frequently compromised by exposure to organic semiconductor solutions and other fabrication processes utilized in the production of organic ferroelectric transistors. In this study, an organic ferroelectric field effect transistor(OFeFET) with the 6,13-Bis(triisopropylsilylethynyl) pentacene(TIPS-pentacene) channel is fabricated, in which the aluminum oxide(Al_(2)O_(3)) interlayer is used to improve compatibility. The device displays polymorphic memory and synaptic plasticity of long-term potentiation and depression. Furthermore, an artificial neural network constructed using our devices is simulated to succeed in recognizing the MNIST handwritten digit database with a high accuracy of 92.8%. This research offers a viable approach to enhance the compatibility of the organic ferroelectric polymer P(VDF-TrFE) with organic semiconductors.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.62074163)Beijing Natural Science Foundation(Grant No.JQ24030).
文摘Organic electrochemical transistors have emerged as a solution for artificial synapses that mimic the neural functions of the brain structure,holding great potentials to break the bottleneck of von Neumann architectures.However,current artificial synapses rely primarily on electrical signals,and little attention has been paid to the vital role of neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses.Dopamine is a key neurotransmitter associated with emotion regulation and cognitive processes that needs to be monitored in real time to advance the development of disease diagnostics and neuroscience.To provide insights into the development of artificial synapses with neurotransmitter involvement,this review proposes three steps towards future biomimic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.We first summarize OECT-based dopamine detection devices,and then review advances in neurotransmitter-mediated artificial synapses and resultant advanced neuromorphic systems.Finally,by exploring the challenges and opportunities related to such neuromorphic systems,we provide a perspective on the future development of biomimetic and bioinspired neuromorphic systems.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22034003,22374066)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2022300285)+1 种基金the Excellent Research Program of Nanjing University(No.ZYJH004)State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science(No.5431ZZXM2203).
文摘Iron-porphyrin metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)have emerged as a remarkable class of semiconductors with adjustable photoelectrical properties and peroxidase-mimicking activities,yet their full potential remains largely unexplored.The organic photoelectrochemical transistor(OPECT)has been proven to be a prominent platform for diverse applications.Herein,iron-porphyrin MOFs,as bifunctional photo-gating module and horseradish peroxidase-mimicking nanozyme,is explored for novel OPECT bioanalysis.Exemplified by alpha-fetoprotein(AFP)-dependent sandwich immunorecognition and therein glucose oxidase(GOx)-generated H_(2)O_(2)to etch CdS quantum dots on the surface of iron-porphyrin MOFs,this OPECT bioanalysis achieved high-performance AFP detection with a low detection limit of 24 fg/mL.This work featured a bifunctional iron-porphyrin MOFs gated OPECT,which is envisioned to inspire more interest in developing the diverse MOFs-nanozymes toward novel optoelectronics and beyond.
基金financial support by the self-supporting project of Pazhou Lab(No.PZL2023ZZ0011)by National Key R&D Program of China(No.2019YFA0904801).
文摘Rapid development of artificial intelligence requires the implementation of hardware systems with bioinspired parallel information processing and presentation and energy efficiency.Electrolyte-gated organic transistors(EGOTs)offer significant advantages as neuromorphic devices due to their ultra-low operation voltages,minimal hardwired connectivity,and similar operation environment as electrophysiology.Meanwhile,ionic–electronic coupling and the relatively low elastic moduli of organic channel materials make EGOTs suitable for interfacing with biology.This review presents an overview of the device architectures based on organic electrochemical transistors and organic field-effect transistors.Furthermore,we review the requirements of low energy consumption and tunable synaptic plasticity of EGOTs in emulating biological synapses and how they are affected by the organic materials,electrolyte,architecture,and operation mechanism.In addition,we summarize the basic operation principle of biological sensory systems and the recent progress of EGOTs as a building block in artificial systems.Finally,the current challenges and future development of the organic neuromorphic devices are discussed.
基金supported by the Key Research and Development Program of Shannxi under Grant 2022GY-016the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 52377197.
文摘The novel structure of the AlGaN/GaN high electron mobility transistor(HEMT)with a groove double field-plate is proposed in this paper,which resolves the issue of the current collapse caused by the high electric field at the gate edge of conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT.The current transport mechanism of the novel device and its effectiveness to suppress current collapse are studied.Based on the introduction of the groove dual-field plate,the depletion region of the novel device is extended.The electric field peak at the gate edge is reduced and the distribution of the electric field is more uniform.As a result,the new structure can improve the current collapse without significantly reducing the drain current.Compared with the conventional AlGaN/GaN HEMT,the suppression effect of the new device on the current collapse effect is increased by 94.1%when L_(fp1)=0.3μm and L_(fp2)=0.7μm.
