RNA binding proteins(RBPs) are a crucial class of proteins that interact with RNA and play a key role in various biological process.Deficiencies or abnormalities of RBPs are closely linked to the occurrence and progre...RNA binding proteins(RBPs) are a crucial class of proteins that interact with RNA and play a key role in various biological process.Deficiencies or abnormalities of RBPs are closely linked to the occurrence and progression of numerous diseases,making RBPs potential therapeutic targets.However,the limited tissue penetration of 254 nm UV irradiation makes it difficult to efficiently crosslink weak and dynamic RNA-protein interactions in mammal tissues.Additionally,RNA degradation in metal catalyzed click reaction further hinders the enrichment of RNA-protein complexes(RPCs).Due to these inherent limitations,globally profiling the RNA binding proteome in mammal organs has long been a challenge.Herein,we proposed a novel method,which utilized a dual crosslinking with formaldehyde and 254 nm UV irradiation,metabolic labeling and metal-free thiol-yne click reaction to enable large-scale enrichment and identification of RBPs in mouse liver,called FTYc_UV.In this method,formaldehyde is first used to crosslink the crude RNA-protein complexes(cRPCs) in situ to address the problem of poor tissue penetration of 254 nm UV irradiation.Furthermore,this method integrates metabolic labeling with a metal-free thiol-yne click reaction to achieve non-destructive RNA tagging.After specifically RNA-RBPs crosslinking by 254 nm UV irradiation in tissue lysates,formaldehyde decrosslinking is employed to remove non-specific proteins,leading to effective enrichment of RPCs from mouse liver and thereby overcoming the poor specificity of formaldehyde crosslinking.Application of FTYc_UV in mouse liver successfully identified over 1600 RBPs covering approximately 75 % of previously reported RBPs.Furthermore,420 candidate RBPs,including 151metabolic enzymes,were also obtained,demonstrating the sensitivity of FTYc_UV and the potential of this method for in-depth exploration of RNA-protein interactions in biological and clinical research.展开更多
Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,but widespread applications are restricted by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).The rational design of separators has been d...Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,but widespread applications are restricted by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).The rational design of separators has been demonstrated to be one of the most efficient and cost-effective strategies to curb the shuttle effect,and tremendous research progress has been achieved.The efficiency of a separator depends on its interaction with LiPSs,which is governed by the surface energy and binding strength.Despite several review works that have been reported to advance the separators,most of them primarily focus on active material innovation and construction.The most crucial issues of surface binding energy have not been systematically reviewed,limiting the precise design of efficient separators.In this review,fundamentals related to surface energy and binding interactions with LiPSs are comprehensively analyzed and discussed.With surface binding and energy main lines,the advancements in separator engineering strategies are elaborately summarized and discussed.Moreover,techniques for evaluating affinity to LiPSs are thoroughly analyzed to avoid any ambiguities in measurement.Based on the research context,valuable research directions are suggested to construct efficient separators.This work provides guidelines to regulate the surface binding and energy of separators for high-performance LSBs.展开更多
Background Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets,often caused by F4^(+)enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),poses significant challenges in pig production.Traditional solutions like antibiotics and zinc oxide face in...Background Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets,often caused by F4^(+)enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),poses significant challenges in pig production.Traditional solutions like antibiotics and zinc oxide face increasing restrictions due to growing concerns over antibiotic resistance and environmental sustainability.This study investigates the application of bivalent heavy chain variable domain(V_(H)H)constructs(BL1.2 and BL2.2)targeting ETEC virulence factors,administered in feed to mitigate ETEC-induced PWD in weaned piglets.Results The supplementation of BL1.2 and BL2.2 in both mash and pelleted feed significantly reduced the diarrhea incidence and fecal shedding of F4^(+)ETEC in challenged piglets.Pelleted feed containing V_(H)H constructs helped to preserve gut barrier integrity by maintaining levels of the tight junction protein occludin in the small intestine.Additionally,the constructs maintained blood granulocyte counts at a similar level to the non-challenged control group,including neutrophils,and ameliorated the acute phase protein response after challenge.Notably,even at low feed intake immediately after weaning,V_(H)H constructs helped maintain piglet health by mitigating ETEC-induced inflammation and the resulting diarrhea.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that using V_(H)H constructs as feed additives could serve as an effective strategy to help manage ETEC-associated PWD,by reducing F4^(+)ETEC gut colonization and supporting gut barrier function of weaned piglets.The high stability of these V_(H)H constructs supports their incorporation into industrial feed manufacturing processes,offering a more sustainable preventive strategy compared to traditional antimicrobial interventions,which could contribute to sustainable farming practices.展开更多
Magnolol,a compound extracted from Magnolia officinalis,demonstrates potential efficacy in addressing metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.Its biological activities encompass anti-inflammatory,antioxidant...Magnolol,a compound extracted from Magnolia officinalis,demonstrates potential efficacy in addressing metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.Its biological activities encompass anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anticoagulant,and anti-diabetic effects.Growth/differentiation factor-15(GDF-15),a member of the transforming growth factorβsuperfamily,is considered a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders.This study investigated the impact of magnolol on GDF-15 production and its underlying mechanism.The research examined the pharmacological effect of magnolol on GDF-15 expression in vitro and in vivo,and determined the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress signaling in this process.Luciferase reporter assays,chromatin immunoprecipitation,and in vitro DNA binding assays were employed to examine the regulation of GDF-15 by activating transcription factor 4(ATF4),CCAAT enhancer binding proteinγ(CEBPG),and CCCTC-binding factor(CTCF).The study also investigated the effect of magnolol and ATF4 on the activity of a putative enhancer located in the intron of the GDF-15 gene,as well as the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)on magnolol and ATF4-induced transcription activity.Results demonstrated that magnolol triggers GDF-15 production in endothelial cells(ECs),hepatoma cell line G2(HepG2)and hepatoma cell line 3B(Hep3B)cell lines,and primary mouse hepatocytes.The cooperative binding of ATF4 and CEBPG upstream of the GDF-15 gene or the E1944285 enhancer located in the intron led to full-power transcription of the GDF-15 gene.SNP alleles were found to impact the magnolol and ATF4-induced transcription activity of GDF-15.In high-fat diet ApoE^(-/-)mice,administration of magnolol induced GDF-15 production and partially suppressed appetite through GDF-15.These findings suggest that magnolol regulates GDF-15 expression through priming of promoter and enhancer activity,indicating its potential as a drug for the treatment of metabolic disorders.展开更多
Objective Junctophilin-2(JPH2)is an essential structural protein that maintains junctional membrane complexes(JMCs)in cardiomyocytes by tethering the plasma membrane to the sarcoplasmic reticulum,thereby facilitating ...Objective Junctophilin-2(JPH2)is an essential structural protein that maintains junctional membrane complexes(JMCs)in cardiomyocytes by tethering the plasma membrane to the sarcoplasmic reticulum,thereby facilitating excitationcontraction(E-C)coupling.Mutations in JPH2 have been associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),but the molecular mechanisms governing its membrane-binding properties and the functional relevance of its membrane occupation and recognition nexus(MORN)repeat motifs remain incompletely understood.This study aimed to elucidate the structural basis of JPH2 membrane association and its implications for HCM pathogenesis.Methods A recombinant N-terminal fragment of mouse JPH2(residues 1-440),encompassing the MORN repeats and an adjacent helical region,was purified under near-physiological buffer conditions.X-ray crystallography was employed to determine the structure of the JPH2 MORN-Helix domain.Sequence conservation analysis across species and junctophilin isoforms was performed to assess the evolutionary conservation of key structural features.Functional membrane-binding assays were conducted using liposome co-sedimentation and cell-based localization studies in COS7 and HeLa cells.In addition,site-directed mutagenesis targeting positively charged residues and known HCM-associated mutations,including R347C,was used to evaluate their effects on membrane interaction and subcellular localization.Results The crystal structure of the mouse JPH2 MORN-Helix domain was resolved at 2.6Å,revealing a compact,elongated architecture consisting of multiple tandem MORN motifs arranged in a curved configuration,forming a continuous hydrophobic core stabilized by alternating aromatic residues.A C-terminalα-helix further reinforced structural integrity.Conservation analysis identified the inner groove of the MORN array as a highly conserved surface,suggesting its role as a protein-binding interface.A flexible linker segment enriched in positively charged residues,located adjacent to the MORN motifs,was found to mediate direct electrostatic interactions with negatively charged phospholipid membranes.Functional assays demonstrated that mutation of these basic residues impaired membrane association,while the HCM-linked R347C mutation completely abolished membrane localization in cellular assays,despite preserving the overall MORN-Helix fold in structural modeling.Conclusion This study provides structural insight into the membrane-binding mechanism of the cardiomyocyte-specific protein JPH2,highlighting the dual roles of its MORN-Helix domain in membrane anchoring and protein interactions.The findings clarify the structural basis for membrane targeting via a positively charged linker and demonstrate that disruption of this interaction—such as that caused by the R347C mutation—likely contributes to HCM pathogenesis.These results not only enhance current understanding of JPH2 function in cardiac E-C coupling but also offer a structural framework for future investigations into the assembly and regulation of JMCs in both physiological and disease contexts.展开更多
Chloride ions(Cl^(-))have been shown to impact the long-lasting nature of reinforced concrete.However,Cl^(-)that are already bound inside the concrete will not lead to the deterioration of the concrete’s characterist...Chloride ions(Cl^(-))have been shown to impact the long-lasting nature of reinforced concrete.However,Cl^(-)that are already bound inside the concrete will not lead to the deterioration of the concrete’s characteristics.The composition of the cement-based material,including the type of cement and auxiliary materials,greatly influences the ability of the material to bind Cl^(-),and varied components result in varying binding beha-vior of the Cl^(-).Simultaneously,the Cl^(-)binding process in concrete is influenced by both the internal and exterior surroundings,as well as the curing practices.These factors impact the hydration process of the cement and the internal pore structure of the concrete.Currently,mathematical theories and molecular dynamics simulations have increasingly been employed as the prevalent methods for examining the binding behaviors of Cl^(-)in concrete.These techniques are extensively utilized for predicting the lifespan and conducting microscopic studies of reinforced concrete in Cl^(-)settings.This work proposes recommendations for future research based on a summary of experimental and simulation investigations on Cl^(-)binding.Which will offer theoretical guidance for studying the binding of Cl^(-)in cement-based materials.展开更多
The universal parameter nonorthogonal tight binding scheme proposed by Menon and Subbaswamy was used to optimize the geometrical structures, binding energies and electron affinities of small germanium clusters Ge ...The universal parameter nonorthogonal tight binding scheme proposed by Menon and Subbaswamy was used to optimize the geometrical structures, binding energies and electron affinities of small germanium clusters Ge n ( n =2—20). A complete agreement with available ab initio results from the lowest energy structures for Ge 2—Ge 6 was obtained and reasonable structures for these clusters were predicted and compared with those of corresponding silicon clusters in the range of n =7—20 . The averaged discrepancy with experiments in binding energies for n =2—7 is about 6% and the calculated electron affinities agree well with the measured values in the range of n =2—8 as well.展开更多
The growth of single-wall carbon nanotube from graphite layers is studied by tight binding molecular dynamics simulation. Given temperature of 2500 K or 3500 K and an interval of 0.25 nm for the two layers of graphite...The growth of single-wall carbon nanotube from graphite layers is studied by tight binding molecular dynamics simulation. Given temperature of 2500 K or 3500 K and an interval of 0.25 nm for the two layers of graphite, a single-wall carbon nanotube with a zigzag shell will be produced. On the other conditions the carbon nanotube cannot grow or grows with too many defects. All carbon nanotube ends have pentagons which play an important role during the tube ends closing.展开更多
Collision between C60 — and Hatom areinvestigatedbytight binding molecular dynamicssimu lation . When Hatom with kineticenergy 5eVhitthecenter of a six membered ring of C60 — , or with kineticenergy 6ev hi...Collision between C60 — and Hatom areinvestigatedbytight binding molecular dynamicssimu lation . When Hatom with kineticenergy 5eVhitthecenter of a six membered ring of C60 — , or with kineticenergy 6ev hitsthecenterofa five memberedring of C60 , H@ C60 iscreated. Ifthekineticenergyislower,the Hatom staysoutside, and C60 is deformed bytheshock.展开更多
Tight binding molecular dynamicsand simulated annealingtechniquesareemployed tostudythestructuralpropertiesofsilicon clusterscontaining 2 14 atoms.Itisfoundthatour results for Si2 Si6 agree well with thoseobtained...Tight binding molecular dynamicsand simulated annealingtechniquesareemployed tostudythestructuralpropertiesofsilicon clusterscontaining 2 14 atoms.Itisfoundthatour results for Si2 Si6 agree well with thoseobtained using abinitiotechniques. Further Si cluster re search which givethesignificantprediction hasbeen made.展开更多
Superconductivity is one of the most important phenomena in solid state physics. Its theoretical framework at low critical temperature Tc is?based on Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer theory (BCS). But at high Tc above 1...Superconductivity is one of the most important phenomena in solid state physics. Its theoretical framework at low critical temperature Tc is?based on Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer theory (BCS). But at high Tc above 135, this theory suffers from some setbacks. It cannot explain how the resistivity abruptly drops to zero below Tc , besides the explanation of the so called pseudo gap, isotope and pressure effect, in addition to the phase transition from insulating to super-conductivity state. The models proposed to cure this drawback are mainly based on Hubbard model which has a mathematical complex framework. In this work a model based on quantum mechanics besides generalized special relativity and plasma physics. It is utilized to get new modified Schr?dinger equation sensitive to temperature. An expression for quantum resistance is also obtained which shows existence of critical temperature beyond which the resistance drops to zero. It gives an expression which shows the relation between the energy gap and Tc . These expressions are mathematically simple and are in conformity with experimental results.展开更多
Elucidation of ligand-protein interactions provides new insights into the physiological functions and mechanisms of ligand molecules,enabling new ideas for the treatment of diseases,and drug discovery and development....Elucidation of ligand-protein interactions provides new insights into the physiological functions and mechanisms of ligand molecules,enabling new ideas for the treatment of diseases,and drug discovery and development.Most ligand-protein binding occurs only in specific regions of proteins.The identification of protein targets and binding regions is crucial for drug discovery and development,as well as for the in-depth study of drug-protein conformational relationships[1].展开更多
Accurate identification of RNA-ligand binding sites is essential for elucidating RNA function and advancing structurebased drug discovery.Here,we present RLsite,a novel deep learning framework that integrates energy-,...Accurate identification of RNA-ligand binding sites is essential for elucidating RNA function and advancing structurebased drug discovery.Here,we present RLsite,a novel deep learning framework that integrates energy-,structure-and sequence-based features to predict nucleotide-level binding sites with high accuracy.RLsite leverages energy-based threedimensional representations,obtained from atomic probe interactions using a pre-trained ITScore-NL potential,and models their contextual features through a 3D convolutional neural network(3D-CNN)augmented with self-attention.In parallel,structure-based features,including network properties,Laplacian norm,and solvent-accessible surface area,together with sequence-based evolutionary constraint scores,are mapped along the RNA sequence and used as sequential descriptors.These descriptors are modeled using a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)network enhanced with multihead self-attention.By effectively fusing these complementary modalities,RLsite achieves robust and precise binding site prediction.Extensive evaluations across four diverse RNA-ligand benchmark datasets demonstrate that RLsite consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of precision,recall,Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC),area under the curve(AUC),and overall robustness.Notably,on a particularly challenging test set composed of RNA structures containing junctions,RLsite surpasses the second-best method by 7.3%in precision,3.4%in recall,7.5%in MCC,and 10.8%in AUC,highlighting its potential as a powerful tool for RNA-targeted molecular design.展开更多
BACKGROUND Pancreatic surgery has markedly evolved during the past several years with the development of minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy.pancreaticojejunostomy(PJ),also known as pancreatoenterostomy,...BACKGROUND Pancreatic surgery has markedly evolved during the past several years with the development of minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy.pancreaticojejunostomy(PJ),also known as pancreatoenterostomy,is a critical step in surgical reconstruction after pancreatic resection.However,the laparoscopic performance of PJ presents additional technical challenges,especially in achieving a secure anastomosis while preserving the integrity of pancreatic tissue.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of binding and interlocking PJ(BIPJ)as a novel technique in laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.METHODS Data of patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreatic surgery from 2018 to 2023 were obtained from the hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery database of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and retrospectively analyzed.According to the different PJ methods used during surgery,the patients were divided into two groups:The BIPJ group and the ductto-mucosa PJ(DMPJ)group.RESULTS BIPJ was performed in 33 patients,and DMPJ was performed in 34 patients.The operative time was significantly shorter in the BIPJ group(median,340 minutes;interquartile range,310-350)than in the DMPJ group(median,388 minutes;interquartile range,341-464)(P=0.004).No significant differences were found between the DMPJ and BIPJ groups in terms of the rates of pancreatic fistula,intra-abdominal hemorrhage,intra-abdominal abscess,postoperative biliary fistula,reoperation,or postoperative hospital stay.CONCLUSION The suitability of laparoscopic PJ for all pancreatic textures,ability to perform full laparoscopy,shorter operation time,and comparable safety with traditional PJ make BIPJ a promising option for both surgeons and patients.展开更多
Iron removal from zinc leachate in hydrometallurgy produces large volumes of low-grade,impurity-laden iron waste,posing significant environmental challenges.Magnetite precipitation offers a novel method for iron remov...Iron removal from zinc leachate in hydrometallurgy produces large volumes of low-grade,impurity-laden iron waste,posing significant environmental challenges.Magnetite precipitation offers a novel method for iron removal and resource recycling in zinc hydrometallurgy.However,the chemical similarity between ferrous and zinc ions,along with high zinc concentrations,causes zinc co-precipitation,challenging its application.To address this issue,this study utilized electron microscopy to observe key intermediate products in magnetite crystallization and employed EXAFS(extended X-ray absorption fine structure)to analyze their evolutionary mechanisms and zinc-binding configurations.The results indicate that the intermediate products during magnetite formation are sequentially green rust,feroxyhyte(δ-FeOOH),and weakly crystalline nanoparticles,and further analysis revealed that their transformation follows the dissolution-recrystallization mechanism.Furthermore,it was found that intermediate products such as green rust exhibit strong binding with zinc(via adsorption and lattice substitution),which was confirmed as a significant reason for the difficulty in separating zinc from magnetite.This study elucidates the transformation process of intermediate products during magnetite formation and,for the first time,reveals the binding configurations of zinc with these key intermediate products.This has significant implications for the development and optimization of new technologies for the efficient separation of iron and zinc during the magnetite precipitation process.展开更多
Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate bidirectional interactions between the intracellular cytoskeletal array and the extracellularmatrix.These interactions are critical in tissue developmen...Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate bidirectional interactions between the intracellular cytoskeletal array and the extracellularmatrix.These interactions are critical in tissue development and function by regulating gene expression and sustaining tissue architecture.In humans,the integrin family is composed of 18 alpha(α)and 8 beta(β)subunits,constituting 24 distinctαβcombinations.Based on their structure and ligandbinding properties,only a subset of integrins,8 out of 24,recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartate(RGD)tripeptide motif in the native ligand.One of the major RGD binding integrins is integrin alpha 8 beta 1(α8β1),a central Ras homolog gene familymemberA(RHOA)-dependentmodulator highly expressed in cells with contractile function.This review focuses on the recent advances regardingα8β1 function during organ development,with a particular interest in kidney and inner ear development.We alsodiscussα8β1’s role ininjury anddisease and its importance formesenchymal to epithelial transition during cancer development.Finally,we highlightα8β1’s importance for hearing function and its future use as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool for disease elimination.展开更多
Machine learning methodologies have been extensively leveraged across diverse domains of chemical research,yielding remarkable outcomes,and exhibit substantial potential for impactful future applications within the fi...Machine learning methodologies have been extensively leveraged across diverse domains of chemical research,yielding remarkable outcomes,and exhibit substantial potential for impactful future applications within the field of supramolecular chemistry.The recognition of alkali metal ions by crown ethers is one of the most classic and widely applied host-vip interactions in supramolecular chemistry.Due to the numerous factors affecting the host-vip interaction,it remains a great challenge to achieve fast and accurate prediction of the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions.Herein,we report a highly accurate machine learning model that can effectively predict the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions,i.e.,CrownBind-IA,with a low RMSE of 0.68 logK units.Moreover,this model proves robust extrapolative capabilities by accurately predicting out-of-sample data.The establishment of CrownBind-IA demonstrates the promising application potentials of data-driven machine learning methods in supramolecular chemistry,and it will substantially reduce the time and expense of experimental trials and characterizations,promote the exploration of the mechanism of host-vip interactions,as well as the rational design of novel functional supramolecular host molecules.展开更多
Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are promising in the field of photovoltaics but are hindered by surface defects and stability.However,the energetic losses occurring at the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge ...Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are promising in the field of photovoltaics but are hindered by surface defects and stability.However,the energetic losses occurring at the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge transport layers often lead to reduced power conversion efficiency(PCE).Surface treatment is an effective strategy but the passivating ligands usually bind with a single active site.The resulted dense packing of resistive passivators perpendicular to the surface is detrimental to charge transport.Here,we present a passivator that can bind to two neighboring lead(Ⅱ)ion(Pb^(2+))defect sites simultaneously with an aligned parallel mode to the perovskite surface,effectively suppressing the surface trap density and preventing the aggregation.The target device fulfills a PCE of 25.1%and maintains over 85% of the initial efficiency after 800 h of exposure to a relative humidity(RH)of 65%±5%.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aberrant microRNAs expression and associated pathways have been proved participate in regulation vast various physiologic and pathologic processed of different human cancers including liver cancer.While,the...BACKGROUND Aberrant microRNAs expression and associated pathways have been proved participate in regulation vast various physiologic and pathologic processed of different human cancers including liver cancer.While,the function of miR-451a in liver cancer still indistinct.AIM To study the effect of miR-451a in liver cancer development.METHODS GeneChip microarray analysis performed to detect miR-451a expression in liver cancer tissues and normal liver tissues.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the expression of miR-451a in liver cancer cell and other tumor cell lines.Construction of liver cancer cell lines that stably overexpressed miR-451a by transfecting Lentivirus produced by Genechem company.Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium(MTT)bromide assay and colony formation assay to determine the effect of miR-451a in liver cancer cell proliferation.Flow cytometry used to investigate whether miR-451a involved in liver cancer cell apoptosis.Cell migration ability was measured via wound scratch assay.Target gene was explored by bioinformatic analysis,and downstream molecule of miR-451a in liver cancer identified by rescue experiments.RESULTS MiR-451a expression significantly downregulation in liver cancer tissues compared with that in normal liver tissue.MiR-451a also obviously low-expressed in liver cancer cell,colorectal carcinoma cell and esophageal carcinoma cell lines.Human hepatoblastoma G2(HepG2)and BEL-7404 cell lines that stably overexpressed miR-451a by transfecting lentivirus constructed successfully.MTT bromide assay and colony formation assay showed that the overexpressed miR-451a inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation viability,but not BEL-7404 cell.Flow cytometry determined that miR-451a regulating proliferation not through inducing apoptosis.Wound scratch assay revealed that miR-451a overexpression suppressed HepG2 cell migration.Furthermore,mex-3 RNA binding family member C was predicted as the target gene by bioinformatic analysis,and rescue experiments confirmed the hypothesis.CONCLUSION Therefore,miR-451a may be candidate miRNA for understanding molecular mechanisms of liver cancer development and novel target in liver cancer cell.展开更多
基金financial support from the National Key R&D Program of China (No.2021YFA1302604)Scientific and technological innovation project of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences (No.CI2021B017)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No.2023T160727)。
文摘RNA binding proteins(RBPs) are a crucial class of proteins that interact with RNA and play a key role in various biological process.Deficiencies or abnormalities of RBPs are closely linked to the occurrence and progression of numerous diseases,making RBPs potential therapeutic targets.However,the limited tissue penetration of 254 nm UV irradiation makes it difficult to efficiently crosslink weak and dynamic RNA-protein interactions in mammal tissues.Additionally,RNA degradation in metal catalyzed click reaction further hinders the enrichment of RNA-protein complexes(RPCs).Due to these inherent limitations,globally profiling the RNA binding proteome in mammal organs has long been a challenge.Herein,we proposed a novel method,which utilized a dual crosslinking with formaldehyde and 254 nm UV irradiation,metabolic labeling and metal-free thiol-yne click reaction to enable large-scale enrichment and identification of RBPs in mouse liver,called FTYc_UV.In this method,formaldehyde is first used to crosslink the crude RNA-protein complexes(cRPCs) in situ to address the problem of poor tissue penetration of 254 nm UV irradiation.Furthermore,this method integrates metabolic labeling with a metal-free thiol-yne click reaction to achieve non-destructive RNA tagging.After specifically RNA-RBPs crosslinking by 254 nm UV irradiation in tissue lysates,formaldehyde decrosslinking is employed to remove non-specific proteins,leading to effective enrichment of RPCs from mouse liver and thereby overcoming the poor specificity of formaldehyde crosslinking.Application of FTYc_UV in mouse liver successfully identified over 1600 RBPs covering approximately 75 % of previously reported RBPs.Furthermore,420 candidate RBPs,including 151metabolic enzymes,were also obtained,demonstrating the sensitivity of FTYc_UV and the potential of this method for in-depth exploration of RNA-protein interactions in biological and clinical research.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (52172228)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province (2024J01475 and 2023J05127)
文摘Lithium-sulfur batteries(LSBs)represent a next-generation energy storage technology,but widespread applications are restricted by the shuttle of lithium polysulfides(LiPSs).The rational design of separators has been demonstrated to be one of the most efficient and cost-effective strategies to curb the shuttle effect,and tremendous research progress has been achieved.The efficiency of a separator depends on its interaction with LiPSs,which is governed by the surface energy and binding strength.Despite several review works that have been reported to advance the separators,most of them primarily focus on active material innovation and construction.The most crucial issues of surface binding energy have not been systematically reviewed,limiting the precise design of efficient separators.In this review,fundamentals related to surface energy and binding interactions with LiPSs are comprehensively analyzed and discussed.With surface binding and energy main lines,the advancements in separator engineering strategies are elaborately summarized and discussed.Moreover,techniques for evaluating affinity to LiPSs are thoroughly analyzed to avoid any ambiguities in measurement.Based on the research context,valuable research directions are suggested to construct efficient separators.This work provides guidelines to regulate the surface binding and energy of separators for high-performance LSBs.
基金financially supported by the Green Development and Demonstration Programme(GUDP)(case number 34009-19-1585)。
文摘Background Post-weaning diarrhea(PWD)in piglets,often caused by F4^(+)enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli(ETEC),poses significant challenges in pig production.Traditional solutions like antibiotics and zinc oxide face increasing restrictions due to growing concerns over antibiotic resistance and environmental sustainability.This study investigates the application of bivalent heavy chain variable domain(V_(H)H)constructs(BL1.2 and BL2.2)targeting ETEC virulence factors,administered in feed to mitigate ETEC-induced PWD in weaned piglets.Results The supplementation of BL1.2 and BL2.2 in both mash and pelleted feed significantly reduced the diarrhea incidence and fecal shedding of F4^(+)ETEC in challenged piglets.Pelleted feed containing V_(H)H constructs helped to preserve gut barrier integrity by maintaining levels of the tight junction protein occludin in the small intestine.Additionally,the constructs maintained blood granulocyte counts at a similar level to the non-challenged control group,including neutrophils,and ameliorated the acute phase protein response after challenge.Notably,even at low feed intake immediately after weaning,V_(H)H constructs helped maintain piglet health by mitigating ETEC-induced inflammation and the resulting diarrhea.Conclusions Our findings demonstrated that using V_(H)H constructs as feed additives could serve as an effective strategy to help manage ETEC-associated PWD,by reducing F4^(+)ETEC gut colonization and supporting gut barrier function of weaned piglets.The high stability of these V_(H)H constructs supports their incorporation into industrial feed manufacturing processes,offering a more sustainable preventive strategy compared to traditional antimicrobial interventions,which could contribute to sustainable farming practices.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.82171552 and 82170479)the Natural Science Foundation of Shanghai Ctiy(No.21ZR1457500)the Science and Technology Bureau of Shanghai Putuo District(No.ptkwws202102).
文摘Magnolol,a compound extracted from Magnolia officinalis,demonstrates potential efficacy in addressing metabolic dysfunction and cardiovascular diseases.Its biological activities encompass anti-inflammatory,antioxidant,anticoagulant,and anti-diabetic effects.Growth/differentiation factor-15(GDF-15),a member of the transforming growth factorβsuperfamily,is considered a potential therapeutic target for metabolic disorders.This study investigated the impact of magnolol on GDF-15 production and its underlying mechanism.The research examined the pharmacological effect of magnolol on GDF-15 expression in vitro and in vivo,and determined the involvement of endoplasmic reticulum(ER)stress signaling in this process.Luciferase reporter assays,chromatin immunoprecipitation,and in vitro DNA binding assays were employed to examine the regulation of GDF-15 by activating transcription factor 4(ATF4),CCAAT enhancer binding proteinγ(CEBPG),and CCCTC-binding factor(CTCF).The study also investigated the effect of magnolol and ATF4 on the activity of a putative enhancer located in the intron of the GDF-15 gene,as well as the influence of single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)on magnolol and ATF4-induced transcription activity.Results demonstrated that magnolol triggers GDF-15 production in endothelial cells(ECs),hepatoma cell line G2(HepG2)and hepatoma cell line 3B(Hep3B)cell lines,and primary mouse hepatocytes.The cooperative binding of ATF4 and CEBPG upstream of the GDF-15 gene or the E1944285 enhancer located in the intron led to full-power transcription of the GDF-15 gene.SNP alleles were found to impact the magnolol and ATF4-induced transcription activity of GDF-15.In high-fat diet ApoE^(-/-)mice,administration of magnolol induced GDF-15 production and partially suppressed appetite through GDF-15.These findings suggest that magnolol regulates GDF-15 expression through priming of promoter and enhancer activity,indicating its potential as a drug for the treatment of metabolic disorders.
文摘Objective Junctophilin-2(JPH2)is an essential structural protein that maintains junctional membrane complexes(JMCs)in cardiomyocytes by tethering the plasma membrane to the sarcoplasmic reticulum,thereby facilitating excitationcontraction(E-C)coupling.Mutations in JPH2 have been associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy(HCM),but the molecular mechanisms governing its membrane-binding properties and the functional relevance of its membrane occupation and recognition nexus(MORN)repeat motifs remain incompletely understood.This study aimed to elucidate the structural basis of JPH2 membrane association and its implications for HCM pathogenesis.Methods A recombinant N-terminal fragment of mouse JPH2(residues 1-440),encompassing the MORN repeats and an adjacent helical region,was purified under near-physiological buffer conditions.X-ray crystallography was employed to determine the structure of the JPH2 MORN-Helix domain.Sequence conservation analysis across species and junctophilin isoforms was performed to assess the evolutionary conservation of key structural features.Functional membrane-binding assays were conducted using liposome co-sedimentation and cell-based localization studies in COS7 and HeLa cells.In addition,site-directed mutagenesis targeting positively charged residues and known HCM-associated mutations,including R347C,was used to evaluate their effects on membrane interaction and subcellular localization.Results The crystal structure of the mouse JPH2 MORN-Helix domain was resolved at 2.6Å,revealing a compact,elongated architecture consisting of multiple tandem MORN motifs arranged in a curved configuration,forming a continuous hydrophobic core stabilized by alternating aromatic residues.A C-terminalα-helix further reinforced structural integrity.Conservation analysis identified the inner groove of the MORN array as a highly conserved surface,suggesting its role as a protein-binding interface.A flexible linker segment enriched in positively charged residues,located adjacent to the MORN motifs,was found to mediate direct electrostatic interactions with negatively charged phospholipid membranes.Functional assays demonstrated that mutation of these basic residues impaired membrane association,while the HCM-linked R347C mutation completely abolished membrane localization in cellular assays,despite preserving the overall MORN-Helix fold in structural modeling.Conclusion This study provides structural insight into the membrane-binding mechanism of the cardiomyocyte-specific protein JPH2,highlighting the dual roles of its MORN-Helix domain in membrane anchoring and protein interactions.The findings clarify the structural basis for membrane targeting via a positively charged linker and demonstrate that disruption of this interaction—such as that caused by the R347C mutation—likely contributes to HCM pathogenesis.These results not only enhance current understanding of JPH2 function in cardiac E-C coupling but also offer a structural framework for future investigations into the assembly and regulation of JMCs in both physiological and disease contexts.
文摘Chloride ions(Cl^(-))have been shown to impact the long-lasting nature of reinforced concrete.However,Cl^(-)that are already bound inside the concrete will not lead to the deterioration of the concrete’s characteristics.The composition of the cement-based material,including the type of cement and auxiliary materials,greatly influences the ability of the material to bind Cl^(-),and varied components result in varying binding beha-vior of the Cl^(-).Simultaneously,the Cl^(-)binding process in concrete is influenced by both the internal and exterior surroundings,as well as the curing practices.These factors impact the hydration process of the cement and the internal pore structure of the concrete.Currently,mathematical theories and molecular dynamics simulations have increasingly been employed as the prevalent methods for examining the binding behaviors of Cl^(-)in concrete.These techniques are extensively utilized for predicting the lifespan and conducting microscopic studies of reinforced concrete in Cl^(-)settings.This work proposes recommendations for future research based on a summary of experimental and simulation investigations on Cl^(-)binding.Which will offer theoretical guidance for studying the binding of Cl^(-)in cement-based materials.
文摘The universal parameter nonorthogonal tight binding scheme proposed by Menon and Subbaswamy was used to optimize the geometrical structures, binding energies and electron affinities of small germanium clusters Ge n ( n =2—20). A complete agreement with available ab initio results from the lowest energy structures for Ge 2—Ge 6 was obtained and reasonable structures for these clusters were predicted and compared with those of corresponding silicon clusters in the range of n =7—20 . The averaged discrepancy with experiments in binding energies for n =2—7 is about 6% and the calculated electron affinities agree well with the measured values in the range of n =2—8 as well.
文摘The growth of single-wall carbon nanotube from graphite layers is studied by tight binding molecular dynamics simulation. Given temperature of 2500 K or 3500 K and an interval of 0.25 nm for the two layers of graphite, a single-wall carbon nanotube with a zigzag shell will be produced. On the other conditions the carbon nanotube cannot grow or grows with too many defects. All carbon nanotube ends have pentagons which play an important role during the tube ends closing.
文摘Collision between C60 — and Hatom areinvestigatedbytight binding molecular dynamicssimu lation . When Hatom with kineticenergy 5eVhitthecenter of a six membered ring of C60 — , or with kineticenergy 6ev hitsthecenterofa five memberedring of C60 , H@ C60 iscreated. Ifthekineticenergyislower,the Hatom staysoutside, and C60 is deformed bytheshock.
文摘Tight binding molecular dynamicsand simulated annealingtechniquesareemployed tostudythestructuralpropertiesofsilicon clusterscontaining 2 14 atoms.Itisfoundthatour results for Si2 Si6 agree well with thoseobtained using abinitiotechniques. Further Si cluster re search which givethesignificantprediction hasbeen made.
文摘Superconductivity is one of the most important phenomena in solid state physics. Its theoretical framework at low critical temperature Tc is?based on Bardeen, Cooper and Schrieffer theory (BCS). But at high Tc above 135, this theory suffers from some setbacks. It cannot explain how the resistivity abruptly drops to zero below Tc , besides the explanation of the so called pseudo gap, isotope and pressure effect, in addition to the phase transition from insulating to super-conductivity state. The models proposed to cure this drawback are mainly based on Hubbard model which has a mathematical complex framework. In this work a model based on quantum mechanics besides generalized special relativity and plasma physics. It is utilized to get new modified Schr?dinger equation sensitive to temperature. An expression for quantum resistance is also obtained which shows existence of critical temperature beyond which the resistance drops to zero. It gives an expression which shows the relation between the energy gap and Tc . These expressions are mathematically simple and are in conformity with experimental results.
文摘Elucidation of ligand-protein interactions provides new insights into the physiological functions and mechanisms of ligand molecules,enabling new ideas for the treatment of diseases,and drug discovery and development.Most ligand-protein binding occurs only in specific regions of proteins.The identification of protein targets and binding regions is crucial for drug discovery and development,as well as for the in-depth study of drug-protein conformational relationships[1].
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.12204118)the Guizhou University Talent Fund(Grant No.[2022]30).
文摘Accurate identification of RNA-ligand binding sites is essential for elucidating RNA function and advancing structurebased drug discovery.Here,we present RLsite,a novel deep learning framework that integrates energy-,structure-and sequence-based features to predict nucleotide-level binding sites with high accuracy.RLsite leverages energy-based threedimensional representations,obtained from atomic probe interactions using a pre-trained ITScore-NL potential,and models their contextual features through a 3D convolutional neural network(3D-CNN)augmented with self-attention.In parallel,structure-based features,including network properties,Laplacian norm,and solvent-accessible surface area,together with sequence-based evolutionary constraint scores,are mapped along the RNA sequence and used as sequential descriptors.These descriptors are modeled using a bidirectional long short-term memory(BiLSTM)network enhanced with multihead self-attention.By effectively fusing these complementary modalities,RLsite achieves robust and precise binding site prediction.Extensive evaluations across four diverse RNA-ligand benchmark datasets demonstrate that RLsite consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods in terms of precision,recall,Matthews correlation coefficient(MCC),area under the curve(AUC),and overall robustness.Notably,on a particularly challenging test set composed of RNA structures containing junctions,RLsite surpasses the second-best method by 7.3%in precision,3.4%in recall,7.5%in MCC,and 10.8%in AUC,highlighting its potential as a powerful tool for RNA-targeted molecular design.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82272634 and No.62233016.
文摘BACKGROUND Pancreatic surgery has markedly evolved during the past several years with the development of minimally invasive techniques such as laparoscopy.pancreaticojejunostomy(PJ),also known as pancreatoenterostomy,is a critical step in surgical reconstruction after pancreatic resection.However,the laparoscopic performance of PJ presents additional technical challenges,especially in achieving a secure anastomosis while preserving the integrity of pancreatic tissue.AIM To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of binding and interlocking PJ(BIPJ)as a novel technique in laparoscopic pancreatic surgery.METHODS Data of patients who underwent laparoscopic pancreatic surgery from 2018 to 2023 were obtained from the hepatobiliary and pancreatic surgery database of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine and retrospectively analyzed.According to the different PJ methods used during surgery,the patients were divided into two groups:The BIPJ group and the ductto-mucosa PJ(DMPJ)group.RESULTS BIPJ was performed in 33 patients,and DMPJ was performed in 34 patients.The operative time was significantly shorter in the BIPJ group(median,340 minutes;interquartile range,310-350)than in the DMPJ group(median,388 minutes;interquartile range,341-464)(P=0.004).No significant differences were found between the DMPJ and BIPJ groups in terms of the rates of pancreatic fistula,intra-abdominal hemorrhage,intra-abdominal abscess,postoperative biliary fistula,reoperation,or postoperative hospital stay.CONCLUSION The suitability of laparoscopic PJ for all pancreatic textures,ability to perform full laparoscopy,shorter operation time,and comparable safety with traditional PJ make BIPJ a promising option for both surgeons and patients.
基金Project(2022YFC3900200)supported by the Foundation for the National Key R&D Program of ChinaProjects(52404375,22276218)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(52121004)supported by the Innovative Research Groups of the National Natural Science Foundation of China。
文摘Iron removal from zinc leachate in hydrometallurgy produces large volumes of low-grade,impurity-laden iron waste,posing significant environmental challenges.Magnetite precipitation offers a novel method for iron removal and resource recycling in zinc hydrometallurgy.However,the chemical similarity between ferrous and zinc ions,along with high zinc concentrations,causes zinc co-precipitation,challenging its application.To address this issue,this study utilized electron microscopy to observe key intermediate products in magnetite crystallization and employed EXAFS(extended X-ray absorption fine structure)to analyze their evolutionary mechanisms and zinc-binding configurations.The results indicate that the intermediate products during magnetite formation are sequentially green rust,feroxyhyte(δ-FeOOH),and weakly crystalline nanoparticles,and further analysis revealed that their transformation follows the dissolution-recrystallization mechanism.Furthermore,it was found that intermediate products such as green rust exhibit strong binding with zinc(via adsorption and lattice substitution),which was confirmed as a significant reason for the difficulty in separating zinc from magnetite.This study elucidates the transformation process of intermediate products during magnetite formation and,for the first time,reveals the binding configurations of zinc with these key intermediate products.This has significant implications for the development and optimization of new technologies for the efficient separation of iron and zinc during the magnetite precipitation process.
基金supported by NIH-NIDCD,5R01DC21070-0,and Creighton University’s Start-up funds to MZMs.Iman Ezzat was supported by the Department of Biomedical Sciences at Creighton University and the Bellucci Foundation pre-doctoral award.
文摘Integrins are heterodimeric transmembrane receptors that mediate bidirectional interactions between the intracellular cytoskeletal array and the extracellularmatrix.These interactions are critical in tissue development and function by regulating gene expression and sustaining tissue architecture.In humans,the integrin family is composed of 18 alpha(α)and 8 beta(β)subunits,constituting 24 distinctαβcombinations.Based on their structure and ligandbinding properties,only a subset of integrins,8 out of 24,recognizes the arginine-glycine-aspartate(RGD)tripeptide motif in the native ligand.One of the major RGD binding integrins is integrin alpha 8 beta 1(α8β1),a central Ras homolog gene familymemberA(RHOA)-dependentmodulator highly expressed in cells with contractile function.This review focuses on the recent advances regardingα8β1 function during organ development,with a particular interest in kidney and inner ear development.We alsodiscussα8β1’s role ininjury anddisease and its importance formesenchymal to epithelial transition during cancer development.Finally,we highlightα8β1’s importance for hearing function and its future use as a potential diagnostic and therapeutic tool for disease elimination.
基金the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22193020 and 22193022)the financial support of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32301691)+4 种基金Tsinghua University Initiative Scientific Research Programthe financial support of the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2023RC3188)the financial support of the Science and Technology Innovation Program of Hunan Province(No.2022RC1112)the Elite Youth Program by the Department of Education of Hunan Province(No.21B0666)the financial support of the Scientific Research Foundation of Hunan Provincial Education Department(No.24C0380)。
文摘Machine learning methodologies have been extensively leveraged across diverse domains of chemical research,yielding remarkable outcomes,and exhibit substantial potential for impactful future applications within the field of supramolecular chemistry.The recognition of alkali metal ions by crown ethers is one of the most classic and widely applied host-vip interactions in supramolecular chemistry.Due to the numerous factors affecting the host-vip interaction,it remains a great challenge to achieve fast and accurate prediction of the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions.Herein,we report a highly accurate machine learning model that can effectively predict the binding constants between crown ethers and alkali metal ions,i.e.,CrownBind-IA,with a low RMSE of 0.68 logK units.Moreover,this model proves robust extrapolative capabilities by accurately predicting out-of-sample data.The establishment of CrownBind-IA demonstrates the promising application potentials of data-driven machine learning methods in supramolecular chemistry,and it will substantially reduce the time and expense of experimental trials and characterizations,promote the exploration of the mechanism of host-vip interactions,as well as the rational design of novel functional supramolecular host molecules.
基金supported by the National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB4200500)the Key Research and Development Plan Project of Anhui Province(2022h11020014)+3 种基金Collaborative Innovation Program of Hefei Science Center,CAS(2022HSCCIP006)the CASHIPS Director’s Fund(YZJJ201902 and YZJJZX202018)the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation(2408085MB029)the Natural Science Foundation of Hebei Province of China(B2024402018)。
文摘Perovskite solar cells(PSCs)are promising in the field of photovoltaics but are hindered by surface defects and stability.However,the energetic losses occurring at the interfaces between the perovskite and the charge transport layers often lead to reduced power conversion efficiency(PCE).Surface treatment is an effective strategy but the passivating ligands usually bind with a single active site.The resulted dense packing of resistive passivators perpendicular to the surface is detrimental to charge transport.Here,we present a passivator that can bind to two neighboring lead(Ⅱ)ion(Pb^(2+))defect sites simultaneously with an aligned parallel mode to the perovskite surface,effectively suppressing the surface trap density and preventing the aggregation.The target device fulfills a PCE of 25.1%and maintains over 85% of the initial efficiency after 800 h of exposure to a relative humidity(RH)of 65%±5%.
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.31640052and Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province,China,No.ZR2019BH031.
文摘BACKGROUND Aberrant microRNAs expression and associated pathways have been proved participate in regulation vast various physiologic and pathologic processed of different human cancers including liver cancer.While,the function of miR-451a in liver cancer still indistinct.AIM To study the effect of miR-451a in liver cancer development.METHODS GeneChip microarray analysis performed to detect miR-451a expression in liver cancer tissues and normal liver tissues.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to validate the expression of miR-451a in liver cancer cell and other tumor cell lines.Construction of liver cancer cell lines that stably overexpressed miR-451a by transfecting Lentivirus produced by Genechem company.Methylthiazolyldiphenyl-tetrazolium(MTT)bromide assay and colony formation assay to determine the effect of miR-451a in liver cancer cell proliferation.Flow cytometry used to investigate whether miR-451a involved in liver cancer cell apoptosis.Cell migration ability was measured via wound scratch assay.Target gene was explored by bioinformatic analysis,and downstream molecule of miR-451a in liver cancer identified by rescue experiments.RESULTS MiR-451a expression significantly downregulation in liver cancer tissues compared with that in normal liver tissue.MiR-451a also obviously low-expressed in liver cancer cell,colorectal carcinoma cell and esophageal carcinoma cell lines.Human hepatoblastoma G2(HepG2)and BEL-7404 cell lines that stably overexpressed miR-451a by transfecting lentivirus constructed successfully.MTT bromide assay and colony formation assay showed that the overexpressed miR-451a inhibit HepG2 cell proliferation viability,but not BEL-7404 cell.Flow cytometry determined that miR-451a regulating proliferation not through inducing apoptosis.Wound scratch assay revealed that miR-451a overexpression suppressed HepG2 cell migration.Furthermore,mex-3 RNA binding family member C was predicted as the target gene by bioinformatic analysis,and rescue experiments confirmed the hypothesis.CONCLUSION Therefore,miR-451a may be candidate miRNA for understanding molecular mechanisms of liver cancer development and novel target in liver cancer cell.
