The way we interact with spatial data has been changed from 2D map to 3D Virtual Geographic Environment(VGE).Three-dimensional representations of geographic information on a computer are known as VGE,and in particular...The way we interact with spatial data has been changed from 2D map to 3D Virtual Geographic Environment(VGE).Three-dimensional representations of geographic information on a computer are known as VGE,and in particular 3D city models provide an efficient way to integrate massive,heterogenous geospatial information and georeferenced information in urban areas.3D city modeling(3DCM)is an active research and practice topic in distinct application areas.This paper intro-duces different modeling paradigms employed in 3D GIS,virtual environment,and AEC/FM.Up-to-date 3DCM technologies are evolving into a data integration and collaborative approach to represent the full spatial coverage of a city,to model both aboveground and underground,outdoor and indoor environments including man-made objects and natural features with 3D geometry,appearance,topology and semantics.展开更多
The 3D digitalization and documentation of ancient Chinese architecture is challenging because of architectural complexity and structural delicacy.To generate complete and detailed models of this architecture,it is be...The 3D digitalization and documentation of ancient Chinese architecture is challenging because of architectural complexity and structural delicacy.To generate complete and detailed models of this architecture,it is better to acquire,process,and fuse multi-source data instead of single-source data.In this paper,we describe our work on 3D digital preservation of ancient Chinese architecture based on multi source data.We first briefly introduce two surveyed ancient Chinese temples,Foguang Temple and Nanchan Temple.Then,we report the data acquisition equipment we used and the multi-source data we acquired.Finally,we provide an overview of several applications we conducted based on the acquired data,including ground and aerial image fusion,image and LiDAR(light detection and ranging)data fusion,and architectural scene surface reconstruction and semantic modeling.We believe that it is necessary to involve multi-source data for the 3D digital preservation of ancient Chinese architecture,and that the work in this paper will serve as a heuristic guideline for the related research communities.展开更多
Optimizing the sensor energy is one of the most important concern in Three-Dimensional(3D)Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs).An improved dynamic hierarchical clustering has been used in previous works that computes optimu...Optimizing the sensor energy is one of the most important concern in Three-Dimensional(3D)Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs).An improved dynamic hierarchical clustering has been used in previous works that computes optimum clusters count and thus,the total consumption of energy is optimal.However,the computational complexity will be increased due to data dimension,and this leads to increase in delay in network data transmission and reception.For solving the above-mentioned issues,an efficient dimensionality reduction model based on Incremental Linear Discriminant Analysis(ILDA)is proposed for 3D hierarchical clustering WSNs.The major objective of the proposed work is to design an efficient dimensionality reduction and energy efficient clustering algorithm in 3D hierarchical clustering WSNs.This ILDA approach consists of four major steps such as data dimension reduction,distance similarity index introduction,double cluster head technique and node dormancy approach.This protocol differs from normal hierarchical routing protocols in formulating the Cluster Head(CH)selection technique.According to node’s position and residual energy,optimal cluster-head function is generated,and every CH is elected by this formulation.For a 3D spherical structure,under the same network condition,the performance of the proposed ILDA with Improved Dynamic Hierarchical Clustering(IDHC)is compared with Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering(DEEC),Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed(HEED)and Stable Election Protocol(SEP)techniques.It is observed that the proposed ILDA based IDHC approach provides better results with respect to Throughput,network residual energy,network lifetime and first node death round.展开更多
The northern Sichuan Basin,spreading in the northern section of the Longmenshan Fault Fold Belt,is characterized by dramatic fluctuations in the surface landforms,development of abdominal faults,and low-quality seismi...The northern Sichuan Basin,spreading in the northern section of the Longmenshan Fault Fold Belt,is characterized by dramatic fluctuations in the surface landforms,development of abdominal faults,and low-quality seismic data,resulting in difficulties in clarifying relevant structures.The key target formation,the Mid-Permian Qixia Fm,is deeply buried with thin reservoirs and high heterogeneity,which brings great challenges to seismic prediction.Under such circumstances,researches have been conducted jointly in terms of seismic data acquisition,processing and interpretation,and finally some relevant seismic survey technologies were developed suitable for surface/underground complex structures.Through surface structural surveys,dynamic deep-well lithologic identification,single-point detector deployment and process optimization,acquisition parameters can be excited.In addition,by using an observation systemwith high-coverage,wide-azimuth and huge-displacement,quality of acquired seismic data can be enhanced dramatically.Seismic imaging technologies for complex structures have been developed to enhance the quality of images for deep formations.These technologies are dominated by microscopic logging-constrained tomography static correction,high-resolution processing with fidelity and amplitude preservation and all-around PSDM in an angular domain.By using high-resolution gravity,magnetic and electric data,details related to geological structures and faults can be identified.In combination with fine seismic data interpretation,structural details and fault features can be verified effectively.Based on forwardmodeling and fine seismic calibration of reservoirs in individualwells,suitable attributes can be identified for predictions related to the distribution of reservoirs.By using all these auxiliary technologies,a large-scale structuralelithologic composite trap with a total area of 1223 km^(2) has been discovered in the NW Sichuan Basin.The Shuangyushi-Jiangyou area as a whole distributes on structural highs.In the areas to the south of Shuangyushi,the Qixia Fm dolomite reservoirs of platform margins are continuously developed.In conclusion,these auxiliary technologies can effectively allow trap identification and thin reservoir prediction in complex structures in the study area.In addition to clarifying the exploration orientation and providing a necessarily technical supports forwell development,these technologies help to accelerate the construction of demonstration projects for the exploration and development of deep marine carbonate formations.展开更多
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China ( No. 40871212, No. 40671158), the Leading Academic Discipline Project of Shang- hai Educational Committee(No.J50104).
文摘The way we interact with spatial data has been changed from 2D map to 3D Virtual Geographic Environment(VGE).Three-dimensional representations of geographic information on a computer are known as VGE,and in particular 3D city models provide an efficient way to integrate massive,heterogenous geospatial information and georeferenced information in urban areas.3D city modeling(3DCM)is an active research and practice topic in distinct application areas.This paper intro-duces different modeling paradigms employed in 3D GIS,virtual environment,and AEC/FM.Up-to-date 3DCM technologies are evolving into a data integration and collaborative approach to represent the full spatial coverage of a city,to model both aboveground and underground,outdoor and indoor environments including man-made objects and natural features with 3D geometry,appearance,topology and semantics.
文摘The 3D digitalization and documentation of ancient Chinese architecture is challenging because of architectural complexity and structural delicacy.To generate complete and detailed models of this architecture,it is better to acquire,process,and fuse multi-source data instead of single-source data.In this paper,we describe our work on 3D digital preservation of ancient Chinese architecture based on multi source data.We first briefly introduce two surveyed ancient Chinese temples,Foguang Temple and Nanchan Temple.Then,we report the data acquisition equipment we used and the multi-source data we acquired.Finally,we provide an overview of several applications we conducted based on the acquired data,including ground and aerial image fusion,image and LiDAR(light detection and ranging)data fusion,and architectural scene surface reconstruction and semantic modeling.We believe that it is necessary to involve multi-source data for the 3D digital preservation of ancient Chinese architecture,and that the work in this paper will serve as a heuristic guideline for the related research communities.
文摘Optimizing the sensor energy is one of the most important concern in Three-Dimensional(3D)Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs).An improved dynamic hierarchical clustering has been used in previous works that computes optimum clusters count and thus,the total consumption of energy is optimal.However,the computational complexity will be increased due to data dimension,and this leads to increase in delay in network data transmission and reception.For solving the above-mentioned issues,an efficient dimensionality reduction model based on Incremental Linear Discriminant Analysis(ILDA)is proposed for 3D hierarchical clustering WSNs.The major objective of the proposed work is to design an efficient dimensionality reduction and energy efficient clustering algorithm in 3D hierarchical clustering WSNs.This ILDA approach consists of four major steps such as data dimension reduction,distance similarity index introduction,double cluster head technique and node dormancy approach.This protocol differs from normal hierarchical routing protocols in formulating the Cluster Head(CH)selection technique.According to node’s position and residual energy,optimal cluster-head function is generated,and every CH is elected by this formulation.For a 3D spherical structure,under the same network condition,the performance of the proposed ILDA with Improved Dynamic Hierarchical Clustering(IDHC)is compared with Distributed Energy-Efficient Clustering(DEEC),Hybrid Energy Efficient Distributed(HEED)and Stable Election Protocol(SEP)techniques.It is observed that the proposed ILDA based IDHC approach provides better results with respect to Throughput,network residual energy,network lifetime and first node death round.
基金Project supported by the National Major Science and Technology Project“Development of Large Oil/Gas Fields and Coalbed Methane”(No.2016ZX05004-005&2016ZX05007-004)the CNPC Major Science and Technology Project“Research and application of key technologies for maintaining gas productivity of 30 billion cubic meters in Southwest Oil and Gas Fields”(No.2016E-06,2016E-0602,2016E-0603&2016E-0604).
文摘The northern Sichuan Basin,spreading in the northern section of the Longmenshan Fault Fold Belt,is characterized by dramatic fluctuations in the surface landforms,development of abdominal faults,and low-quality seismic data,resulting in difficulties in clarifying relevant structures.The key target formation,the Mid-Permian Qixia Fm,is deeply buried with thin reservoirs and high heterogeneity,which brings great challenges to seismic prediction.Under such circumstances,researches have been conducted jointly in terms of seismic data acquisition,processing and interpretation,and finally some relevant seismic survey technologies were developed suitable for surface/underground complex structures.Through surface structural surveys,dynamic deep-well lithologic identification,single-point detector deployment and process optimization,acquisition parameters can be excited.In addition,by using an observation systemwith high-coverage,wide-azimuth and huge-displacement,quality of acquired seismic data can be enhanced dramatically.Seismic imaging technologies for complex structures have been developed to enhance the quality of images for deep formations.These technologies are dominated by microscopic logging-constrained tomography static correction,high-resolution processing with fidelity and amplitude preservation and all-around PSDM in an angular domain.By using high-resolution gravity,magnetic and electric data,details related to geological structures and faults can be identified.In combination with fine seismic data interpretation,structural details and fault features can be verified effectively.Based on forwardmodeling and fine seismic calibration of reservoirs in individualwells,suitable attributes can be identified for predictions related to the distribution of reservoirs.By using all these auxiliary technologies,a large-scale structuralelithologic composite trap with a total area of 1223 km^(2) has been discovered in the NW Sichuan Basin.The Shuangyushi-Jiangyou area as a whole distributes on structural highs.In the areas to the south of Shuangyushi,the Qixia Fm dolomite reservoirs of platform margins are continuously developed.In conclusion,these auxiliary technologies can effectively allow trap identification and thin reservoir prediction in complex structures in the study area.In addition to clarifying the exploration orientation and providing a necessarily technical supports forwell development,these technologies help to accelerate the construction of demonstration projects for the exploration and development of deep marine carbonate formations.
