Tribe Phylini belongs to the subfamily Phylinae and family Miridae with more species. Up to present, moer than 200 genera and about 2 000 species of Phylini have been known all around the world. They are mainly distri...Tribe Phylini belongs to the subfamily Phylinae and family Miridae with more species. Up to present, moer than 200 genera and about 2 000 species of Phylini have been known all around the world. They are mainly distributed in the Palaearetic, Nearctic, Oriental and Ethiopian region. This paper reviews the re- search history of Phylini, analyzes the establishment process of its classification system, and summarizes the research conditions of Phylini in China.展开更多
The complete sequence of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene （18S rRNA） from Lymantria dispar was cloned and analysed here. 18S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidasel （coxl） gene sequences of Lymantria dispar were co...The complete sequence of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene （18S rRNA） from Lymantria dispar was cloned and analysed here. 18S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidasel （coxl） gene sequences of Lymantria dispar were compared with homologous sequences of other nine insects from different orders. Analytic results showed that 18S rRNA of these insects had two conserved domains and the second domain was an even more conserved region. The phylogenetic trees based on the full-length sequence and the second domain fragment of 18S rRNA as well as sequence of coxl from different orders indicated that Lepidoptera and Trichoptera, which belongs to Amphiesmenoptera, had a closer phylogenetic relationship and fewer differences were observed comparing with traditional taxonomic results.展开更多
Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pa...Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.展开更多
BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different ...BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.展开更多
BACKGROUND Robotic assistance is increasingly used for donor and recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation,yet existing evidence is fragmented and variably indirect.AIM To evaluate clinical outcomes,surgical perf...BACKGROUND Robotic assistance is increasingly used for donor and recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation,yet existing evidence is fragmented and variably indirect.AIM To evaluate clinical outcomes,surgical performance,and economic effects of robotic-assisted donor and recipient hepatectomy in the transplant pathway.METHODS Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 and a priori registration,systematic reviews were included with or without meta-analysis.Four databases were searched through July 2025.Methodological quality was appraised with a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews(AMSTAR 2),and certainty was graded with grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation(GRADE).Evidence overlap was calculated via a citation-matrix-based corrected covered area(CCA).Effect sizes were prespecified as risk ratios(RR)for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences for continuous outcomes.RESULTS Five reviews met the inclusion criteria,four with meta-analyses and one consensus review used only for context.Donor(direct)findings were more favorable for robotics in terms of estimated blood loss(≈-117 mL)and length of stay(≈-0.6 days),although with longer operative time(≈+105 minutes).Absolute risks for donor complications were not estimable from ratio-only data.Recipient(indirect)meta-analysis indicated robotics to be favorable in terms of conversion(RR≈0.41)and severe morbidity(RR≈0.81),with a trend toward lower overall morbidity(RR≈0.92)and no difference in 30-day mortality.Differences in length of stay and operative time were small and heterogeneous.Economic evidence(indirect,network meta-analysis)suggested higher procedural costs for robotic vs laparoscopic intervention,but lower hospitalization costs vs open intervention,with laparoscopy the least expensive overall.AMSTAR 2 ratings were moderate-to-high across the reviews,GRADE certainty was low for key donor continuous outcomes,and low-to-moderate for recipient and economic outcomes.Overlap was slight(graded-corpus CCA=0.0%;including a contextual non-transplant review increased CCA to≈1.25%).CONCLUSION Robotic donor hepatectomy confers perioperative advantages at the cost of longer operative time.Recipient and economic findings are indirect and considered hypothesis-generating.Transplant-specific,prospective comparisons using a minimum standardized dataset and uniform outcome definitions are needed to resolve remaining uncertainties and to clarify the cost-utility correlation.展开更多
Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroa...Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke.The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CENTRAL,and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1,2024.This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke.Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0,using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference(Hedge’s g).The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system.Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness.The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting.However,several methodological limitations were identified:only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment,26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias,and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias.Additionally,there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects.The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality.The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways:(1)Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)in ischemic stroke models;(2)electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors(P<0.01)while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors(P=0.02);(3)electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators(P<0.01)and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes(P<0.01);(4)electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration(P<0.01);and(5)electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling(P<0.01)and angiogenesis(P<0.01).Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model(P<0.01)and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention(P<0.01).Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects(P<0.01),while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints(P<0.01).The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal,and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results.Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory.In conclusion,electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,stroke-induced nerve regeneration,blood flow remodeling,and angiogenesis.The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,the timing of intervention onset,waveform,and acupoint selection.Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence,these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.展开更多
背景心力衰竭是严重危害人类健康的重大慢性疾病,冠心病是心力衰竭最常见的病因,针对冠心病并发心力衰竭的危险因素构建风险预测模型,有助于医务人员对心力衰竭高危人群进行早期识别和干预。目的系统评价我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风...背景心力衰竭是严重危害人类健康的重大慢性疾病,冠心病是心力衰竭最常见的病因,针对冠心病并发心力衰竭的危险因素构建风险预测模型,有助于医务人员对心力衰竭高危人群进行早期识别和干预。目的系统评价我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风险预测模型,为相关风险预测模型的构建、选择与推广提供参考。方法检索中国知网、维普网、万方数据库知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase数据库与我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风险预测模型相关的研究,检索时限为建库至2024年10月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献并提取信息,使用预测模型偏倚风险评价工具(PROBAST)评估纳入研究的偏倚风险及适用性。结果共纳入27篇文献,报告了64个风险预测模型的开发情况,模型的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.511~0.989,其中63个模型AUC>0.7,提示模型整体预测性能较好;偏倚风险评估工具评估结果显示,纳入的27篇文献均为高偏倚风险,适用性偏低。年龄、左心室射血分数、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、N末端B型钠尿肽前体、Gensini评分是模型中纳入的重要预测因子。结论当前我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风险预测模型的稳定性和外推性有待行前瞻性、大样本研究验证,后续建模应当严格遵循PROBAST指南设计实施研究,以开发可推广性强的高质量预测模型。展开更多
目的:术后复发是经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除治疗腰椎间盘突出症的常见并发症,可显著增加再手术风险。性能良好的风险预测模型有助于早期识别高危人群,预防术后复发。此次研究系统评价经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发风险预测模型,为手术决策提...目的:术后复发是经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除治疗腰椎间盘突出症的常见并发症,可显著增加再手术风险。性能良好的风险预测模型有助于早期识别高危人群,预防术后复发。此次研究系统评价经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发风险预测模型,为手术决策提供借鉴。方法:检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普和生物医学文献数据库,搜集关于经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除后复发风险预测模型的相关研究,检索时限从各数据库建立至2024-07-01。由2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取资料,并采用偏倚风险评价工具和个体预后与诊断多变量预测模型报告规范(TRIPOD)清单分别对模型进行偏倚风险、适用性和报告质量评价。应用Revman 5.4软件对经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发率和相关预测因子进行Meta分析。结果:①共纳入15项研究,均为回顾性研究,包括24个经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除后复发风险预测模型;②偏倚风险评价工具评价结果显示,15项研究均为高偏倚风险;在适用性方面,2项研究为低适用性风险,13项研究为高适用性风险;③在TRIPOD报告质量方面,15项研究整体报告质量较低,主要原因包括未报告盲法、未说明样本量计算方法、缺乏对缺失数据处理方法的详细描述,同时也缺少对所使用模型的介绍等信息;④此外,纳入模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积在0.684-0.972之间,潜在预测变量数量范围为15-28个;⑤Meta分析结果显示,通过经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者术后复发率为12%(95%CI=9.0%-15.0%),Modic改变(OR=6.72,95%CI=3.90-11.59)、体质量指数(OR=1.28,95%CI=1.10-1.49)、工作强度(OR=3.22,95%CI=1.85-5.59)、年龄(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.50-3.48)和吸烟史(OR=2.65,95%CI=1.75-4.00)是经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发风险预测模型整体预测性能较好,但模型总体偏倚风险和适用性风险较高,报告质量较低,且缺乏前瞻性研究和外部验证,未来风险预测模型的建立可重点关注Modic改变、体质量指数、工作强度、年龄和吸烟史等预测因子。展开更多
目的评价局部应用环孢素治疗口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)的有效性和安全性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和维普等数据库,并在线检索欧洲灰色文献信息系统(SIGLE...目的评价局部应用环孢素治疗口腔扁平苔藓(OLP)的有效性和安全性,为临床合理用药提供参考。方法计算机检索PubMed、Embase、The Cochrane Library、Web of Science、中国知网、万方和维普等数据库,并在线检索欧洲灰色文献信息系统(SIGLE)和ClinicalTrials网站,搜集所有关于环孢素治疗OLP的随机对照试验(RCT),检索时限均从建库至2023年3月25日。由2名评价者独立评价研究质量和提取数据,采用RevMan 5.4和STATA14.0软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入7项环孢素治疗OLP的RCT研究,包括317名患者。其中6项为比较环孢素和糖皮质激素,1项为比较环孢素和安慰剂。Meta分析结果显示,环孢素组和激素组临床有效率差异无统计学意义[风险比(RR)=0.87,95%置信区间(CI):0.67~1.14,P=0.32]。治疗4周后,环孢素组和激素组疼痛评分改善差异无统计学意义(标准化均数差=-0.23,95%CI:-0.54~0.07,P=0.13)。环孢素组和激素组的不良反应发生率相比,差异无统计学意义(RR=0.71,95%CI:0.18~2.79,P=0.62)。结论当前证据显示,与糖皮质激素相比,环孢素在临床有效率、疼痛评分改善和安全性方面无优势。受纳入研究数量和质量的限制,上述结论还需更多高质量研究予以验证。展开更多
目的:基于机器学习的不同算法,开展腰椎间盘突出症的预测模型研究已成为目前精准化医学发展的趋势和热点。但目前使用机器学习进行腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的报告质量和方法学质量的证据有限。通过全面的文献检索,全面整合分析基于...目的:基于机器学习的不同算法,开展腰椎间盘突出症的预测模型研究已成为目前精准化医学发展的趋势和热点。但目前使用机器学习进行腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的报告质量和方法学质量的证据有限。通过全面的文献检索,全面整合分析基于机器学习开发和验证腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的既往研究报告质量和偏倚风险,以探索机器学习算法在预测腰椎间盘突出症预后方面的性能。方法:计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和The Cochrane Library数据库,搜集关于机器学习用于开发(和/或验证)腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的相关研究,检索时限为各数据库建立至2023-12-31。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。通过多变量预测模型透明报告(TRIPOD)声明和预测模型偏倚风险评估工具(PROBAST)来评估纳入研究的报告质量和偏倚风险。对于评价的结果使用描述性统计和可视化图表进行分析。结果:①共纳入23项研究,每项研究的TRIPOD遵循度在11%-87%之间,中位遵循度为54%;标题、治疗措施的详细说明、预测因素的盲法、缺失数据的处理方法、危险分层的细节、研究对象纳入的具体流程、模型解释以及模型性能的报告质量大多较差,TRIPOD遵循率在4%-35%之间;②所有纳入的研究中,61%具有高偏倚风险,39%具有不明确的整体偏倚风险;3项研究主要使用曲线下面积、准确度、敏感度及特异性指标评估模型性能;20个模型报道了模型的曲线下面积,范围为0.561-0.999;3个模型报道了模型的准确率,范围为82.07%-89.65%;③在所有纳入的研究中,统计分析领域最常被评估为高偏倚风险,主要是由于有效样本数量较小、根据单变量分析选择预测因素和缺乏研究中模型的校准度、区分度评估所致。结论:结果表明,在腰椎间盘突出症的预后模型开发及验证分析中,机器学习能取得良好的预测能力;常用的算法有回归算法、支持向量机、决策树、随机森林、人工神经网络、朴素贝叶斯等算法,合理的算法结合临床实践可以提高腰椎间盘突出症预后预测的准确性;但基于机器学习的预后预测模型的报告和方法学质量较差,不同模型间的预测性能差异较大,研究模型的普适性和外推性不明确,迫切需要改进此类研究的设计、实施和报告;对于模型开发研究,建模前需全面考虑与疾病预后相关的各类预测因素,建模时严格遵循PROBAST工具的相关标准开展研究,以推动机器学习在腰椎间盘突出症预测模型临床实践中的应用。展开更多
The worldwide distribution and extensive genetic diversity of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,has long been recognized.However,the levels of separation within B.tabaci and the nomenclature of the various genetic groups ha...The worldwide distribution and extensive genetic diversity of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,has long been recognized.However,the levels of separation within B.tabaci and the nomenclature of the various genetic groups have been a subject of debate.Recent phylogenetic analyses indicate that B.tabaci is a complex composed of 28 morphologically indistinguishable species.In this article,we first review the debate and difficulties associated with B.tabaci＇s taxonomy and systematics,and argue for the need to apply the biological species concept in order to elucidate B.tabaci＇s systematics.We summarize the accumulated genetic and behavioural data on reproductive incompatibilities evident amongst phylogenetic mtCOI groups of B.tabaci.Crossing studies have been conducted with 14 of the 28 putative species covering 54 reciprocal inter-species pairs,and observations on mating behaviour have been conducted for seven species pairs.Data from both crossing trials and behavioural observations indicate a consistent pattern of reproductive isolation among the putative species.We then discuss the technical and conceptual complexities associated with crossing experiments and behavioural observations designed to reveal reproductive incompatibility.Finally,we elaborate on a strategy for further clarifying the pattern of reproductive isolation between B.tabaci groups and propose future research directions on the systematics of this complex.展开更多
He-Ar isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions trapped in pyrites from some representative PGE-polymetallic deposits in Lower Cambrian black rock series in South China were analyzed by using an inert gas isotopic mas...He-Ar isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions trapped in pyrites from some representative PGE-polymetallic deposits in Lower Cambrian black rock series in South China were analyzed by using an inert gas isotopic mass spectrometer. The results show that the ore-forming fluids possess a low 3He/4He ratio, varying from 0.43×10-8 to 26.39×10-8, with corresponding R/Ra value of 0.003-0.189. The 40Ar/36Ar ratios are 258-287, close to those of air saturated water (ASW). He-Ar isotopic indicator studies show that the ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from the formation water or basinal hot brine and sea water, while the content of mantle-derived fluid or deep-derived magmatic water might be negligible. The PGE-polymetallic mineralization might be related to the evolution of the Caledonian miogeosynclines distributed along the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton. During the Early Cambrian, the formation water or basinal hot brine trapped in Caledonian basins which accumulated giant thick sediments was expelled and migrated laterally along strata because of the pressure generated by overlying sediments. The basinal hot brine ascended along faults, mixed with sea water and finally deposited ore minerals.展开更多
基金Supported by Key Projects of Provincial Natural Science Research of Education Department of Anhui for Colleges and Universities( KJ2010A124)~~
文摘Tribe Phylini belongs to the subfamily Phylinae and family Miridae with more species. Up to present, moer than 200 genera and about 2 000 species of Phylini have been known all around the world. They are mainly distributed in the Palaearetic, Nearctic, Oriental and Ethiopian region. This paper reviews the re- search history of Phylini, analyzes the establishment process of its classification system, and summarizes the research conditions of Phylini in China.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31101490)
文摘The complete sequence of the 18S ribosomal RNA gene （18S rRNA） from Lymantria dispar was cloned and analysed here. 18S rRNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidasel （coxl） gene sequences of Lymantria dispar were compared with homologous sequences of other nine insects from different orders. Analytic results showed that 18S rRNA of these insects had two conserved domains and the second domain was an even more conserved region. The phylogenetic trees based on the full-length sequence and the second domain fragment of 18S rRNA as well as sequence of coxl from different orders indicated that Lepidoptera and Trichoptera, which belongs to Amphiesmenoptera, had a closer phylogenetic relationship and fewer differences were observed comparing with traditional taxonomic results.
基金supported by grants from Collaborative Research Fund(Ref:C4032-21GF)General Research Grant(Ref:14114822)+1 种基金Group Research Scheme(Ref:3110146)Area of Excellence(Ref:Ao E/M-402/20)。
文摘Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress are widely regarded as primary drivers of aging and are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases.The degeneration of motor neurons during aging is a critical pathological factor contributing to the progression of sarcopenia.However,the morphological and functional changes in mitochondria and their interplay in the degeneration of the neuromuscular junction during aging remain poorly understood.A defined systematic search of the Pub Med,Web of Science and Embase databases(last accessed on October 30,2024)was conducted with search terms including'mitochondria','aging'and'NMJ'.Clinical and preclinical studies of mitochondrial dysfunction and neuromuscular junction degeneration during aging.Twentyseven studies were included in this systematic review.This systematic review provides a summary of morphological,functional and biological changes in neuromuscular junction,mitochondrial morphology,biosynthesis,respiratory chain function,and mitophagy during aging.We focus on the interactions and mechanisms underlying the relationship between mitochondria and neuromuscular junctions during aging.Aging is characterized by significant reductions in mitochondrial fusion/fission cycles,biosynthesis,and mitochondrial quality control,which may lead to neuromuscular junction dysfunction,denervation and poor physical performance.Motor nerve terminals that exhibit redox sensitivity are among the first to exhibit abnormalities,ultimately leading to an early decline in muscle strength through impaired neuromuscular junction transmission function.Parg coactivator 1 alpha is a crucial molecule that regulates mitochondrial biogenesis and modulates various pathways,including the mitochondrial respiratory chain,energy deficiency,oxidative stress,and inflammation.Mitochondrial dysfunction is correlated with neuromuscular junction denervation and acetylcholine receptor fragmentation,resulting in muscle atrophy and a decrease in strength during aging.Physical therapy,pharmacotherapy,and gene therapy can alleviate the structural degeneration and functional deterioration of neuromuscular junction by restoring mitochondrial function.Therefore,mitochondria are considered potential targets for preserving neuromuscular junction morphology and function during aging to treat sarcopenia.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.82402789Beijing Jishuitan Hospital Youcai Plan,No.KYYC202402+2 种基金Beijing Jishuitan Research Funding,No.HL202402and Beijing Natural Science Foundation,No.L232062No.L222063.
文摘BACKGROUND Aseptic loosening remains the leading cause of revision in primary total hip arthroplasty(pTHA).However,the literature demonstrates significant variability regarding the relative contributions of different factors.AIM To investigate the key determinants of aseptic loosening,we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis.METHODS A comprehensive search of PubMed,Web of Science,EMBASE,and the Cochrane Library was conducted,encompassing studies from database inception to January 1,2025.Meta-analyses were performed to evaluate factors associated with aseptic loosening following pTHA.Inclusion and exclusion criteria were systematically applied at each stage to ensure methodological transparency and reproducibility.Study quality was assessed using standardized categories.Pooled odds ratio(OR)with corresponding 95%confidence interval were calculated with random-or fixed-effects models to generate reliability estimates,and study heterogeneity was visualized using forest plots.Ten factors,categorized into patient-,surgeon-,and device-related domains,were reviewed and meta-analyzed.Funnel plot analysis demonstrated a relatively symmetrical distribution,suggesting minimal publication bias.RESULTS A meta-analysis of 20 studies(520789 participants)found a pooled prevalence of 1.96%.Significant risk factors for aseptic loosening after pTHA included elevated body mass index(OR=1.116,P<0.001),higher Charlson comorbidity index(OR=1.378,P<0.001),prosthesis-related factors(OR=1.497,P<0.001),and adverse lifestyles(OR=2.198,P=0.037).Protective factors were non-white race(OR=0.445,P<0.001)and favorable genetics(OR=0.723,P<0.001).Male sex increased risk(OR=1.232,P=0.016),while age and anatomy were not significant.Surgical expertise showed a slight protective effect(OR=1.048,P<0.001).A comprehensive understanding of the modifiable and non-modifiable factors contributing to aseptic loosening after pTHA requires consideration of patient-related factors,surgical expertise,and prosthesis characteristics.CONCLUSION The identification of these factors is critical for risk mitigation.High-risk patients should receive targeted counseling regarding individualized profiles.Further studies are warranted to establish clearer causal relationships and identify additional contributing factors.
文摘BACKGROUND Robotic assistance is increasingly used for donor and recipient hepatectomy in liver transplantation,yet existing evidence is fragmented and variably indirect.AIM To evaluate clinical outcomes,surgical performance,and economic effects of robotic-assisted donor and recipient hepatectomy in the transplant pathway.METHODS Following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 and a priori registration,systematic reviews were included with or without meta-analysis.Four databases were searched through July 2025.Methodological quality was appraised with a measurement tool to assess systematic reviews(AMSTAR 2),and certainty was graded with grading of recommendations assessment,development and evaluation(GRADE).Evidence overlap was calculated via a citation-matrix-based corrected covered area(CCA).Effect sizes were prespecified as risk ratios(RR)for dichotomous outcomes and mean differences for continuous outcomes.RESULTS Five reviews met the inclusion criteria,four with meta-analyses and one consensus review used only for context.Donor(direct)findings were more favorable for robotics in terms of estimated blood loss(≈-117 mL)and length of stay(≈-0.6 days),although with longer operative time(≈+105 minutes).Absolute risks for donor complications were not estimable from ratio-only data.Recipient(indirect)meta-analysis indicated robotics to be favorable in terms of conversion(RR≈0.41)and severe morbidity(RR≈0.81),with a trend toward lower overall morbidity(RR≈0.92)and no difference in 30-day mortality.Differences in length of stay and operative time were small and heterogeneous.Economic evidence(indirect,network meta-analysis)suggested higher procedural costs for robotic vs laparoscopic intervention,but lower hospitalization costs vs open intervention,with laparoscopy the least expensive overall.AMSTAR 2 ratings were moderate-to-high across the reviews,GRADE certainty was low for key donor continuous outcomes,and low-to-moderate for recipient and economic outcomes.Overlap was slight(graded-corpus CCA=0.0%;including a contextual non-transplant review increased CCA to≈1.25%).CONCLUSION Robotic donor hepatectomy confers perioperative advantages at the cost of longer operative time.Recipient and economic findings are indirect and considered hypothesis-generating.Transplant-specific,prospective comparisons using a minimum standardized dataset and uniform outcome definitions are needed to resolve remaining uncertainties and to clarify the cost-utility correlation.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.82174496(to NW),82374574(to NW),82302865(to LL)Shanghai Science and Technology Committee Sailing Program,Nos.23YF1403800(to LL),23YF1405200(to YX)Shanghai Hospital Development Center Foundation-Shanghai Municipal Hospital Rehabilitation Medicine Specialty Alliance,No.SHDC22023304(to YW).
文摘Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,and electroacupuncture has a long history of use in stroke treatment.This meta-analysis and systematic review aimed to evaluate the efficacy of electroacupuncture and explore its potential mechanisms in animal models of ischemic stroke.The PubMed,EMBASE,Web of Science,CENTRAL,and CINAHL databases were comprehensively searched up to May 1,2024.This review included articles on preclinical investigations of the efficacy and mechanisms of electroacupuncture in treating ischemic stroke.Data from 70 eligible studies were analyzed in Stata 18.0,using a random-effects model to calculate the standardized mean difference(Hedge’s g).The risk of bias was assessed using RevMan 5.4 software,and the quality of evidence was rated according to the Grading of Recommendations,Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)system.Subgroup analyses were conducted to test the consistency of the results and sensitivity analyses were used to assess their robustness.The quality assessment revealed that most studies adequately handled incomplete data and selective reporting.However,several methodological limitations were identified:only 4 studies demonstrated a low risk of allocation concealment,26 achieved a low risk of outcome assessment bias,and 9 had a high risk of randomization bias.Additionally,there was an unclear risk regarding participant blinding and other methodological aspects.The GRADE assessment rated 12 outcomes as moderate quality and 6 as low quality.The mechanisms of electroacupuncture treatment for ischemic stroke can be categorized as five primary pathways:(1)Electroacupuncture significantly reduced infarct volume and apoptotic cell death(P<0.01)in ischemic stroke models;(2)electroacupuncture significantly decreased the levels of pro-inflammatory factors(P<0.01)while increasing the levels of anti-inflammatory factors(P=0.02);(3)electroacupuncture reduced the levels of oxidative stress indicators(P<0.01)and enhanced the expression of antioxidant enzymes(P<0.01);(4)electroacupuncture significantly promoted nerve regeneration(P<0.01);and(5)electroacupuncture influenced blood flow remodeling(P<0.01)and angiogenesis(P<0.01).Subgroup analyses indicated that electroacupuncture was most effective in the transient middle cerebral artery occlusion model(P<0.01)and in post-middle cerebral artery occlusion intervention(P<0.01).Dispersive waves were found to outperform continuous waves with respect to neuroprotection and anti-inflammatory effects(P<0.01),while scalp acupoints demonstrated greater efficacy than body acupoints(P<0.01).The heterogeneity among the included studies was minimal,and sensitivity analyses indicated stable results.Their methodological quality was generally satisfactory.In conclusion,electroacupuncture is effective in treating cerebral ischemia by modulating cell apoptosis,oxidative stress,inflammation,stroke-induced nerve regeneration,blood flow remodeling,and angiogenesis.The efficacy of electroacupuncture may be influenced by factors such as the middle cerebral artery occlusion model,the timing of intervention onset,waveform,and acupoint selection.Despite the moderate to low quality of evidence,these findings suggest that electroacupuncture has clinical potential for improving outcomes in ischemic stroke.
文摘背景心力衰竭是严重危害人类健康的重大慢性疾病,冠心病是心力衰竭最常见的病因,针对冠心病并发心力衰竭的危险因素构建风险预测模型,有助于医务人员对心力衰竭高危人群进行早期识别和干预。目的系统评价我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风险预测模型,为相关风险预测模型的构建、选择与推广提供参考。方法检索中国知网、维普网、万方数据库知识服务平台、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Cochrane Library、Web of Science、Embase数据库与我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风险预测模型相关的研究,检索时限为建库至2024年10月。由2名研究者独立筛选文献并提取信息,使用预测模型偏倚风险评价工具(PROBAST)评估纳入研究的偏倚风险及适用性。结果共纳入27篇文献,报告了64个风险预测模型的开发情况,模型的受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积(AUC)为0.511~0.989,其中63个模型AUC>0.7,提示模型整体预测性能较好;偏倚风险评估工具评估结果显示,纳入的27篇文献均为高偏倚风险,适用性偏低。年龄、左心室射血分数、糖尿病病史、高血压病史、N末端B型钠尿肽前体、Gensini评分是模型中纳入的重要预测因子。结论当前我国冠心病患者并发心力衰竭风险预测模型的稳定性和外推性有待行前瞻性、大样本研究验证,后续建模应当严格遵循PROBAST指南设计实施研究,以开发可推广性强的高质量预测模型。
文摘目的:术后复发是经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除治疗腰椎间盘突出症的常见并发症,可显著增加再手术风险。性能良好的风险预测模型有助于早期识别高危人群,预防术后复发。此次研究系统评价经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发风险预测模型,为手术决策提供借鉴。方法:检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、中国知网、万方、维普和生物医学文献数据库,搜集关于经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除后复发风险预测模型的相关研究,检索时限从各数据库建立至2024-07-01。由2名研究者独立筛选文献和提取资料,并采用偏倚风险评价工具和个体预后与诊断多变量预测模型报告规范(TRIPOD)清单分别对模型进行偏倚风险、适用性和报告质量评价。应用Revman 5.4软件对经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发率和相关预测因子进行Meta分析。结果:①共纳入15项研究,均为回顾性研究,包括24个经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除后复发风险预测模型;②偏倚风险评价工具评价结果显示,15项研究均为高偏倚风险;在适用性方面,2项研究为低适用性风险,13项研究为高适用性风险;③在TRIPOD报告质量方面,15项研究整体报告质量较低,主要原因包括未报告盲法、未说明样本量计算方法、缺乏对缺失数据处理方法的详细描述,同时也缺少对所使用模型的介绍等信息;④此外,纳入模型的受试者工作特征曲线下面积在0.684-0.972之间,潜在预测变量数量范围为15-28个;⑤Meta分析结果显示,通过经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除治疗的腰椎间盘突出症患者术后复发率为12%(95%CI=9.0%-15.0%),Modic改变(OR=6.72,95%CI=3.90-11.59)、体质量指数(OR=1.28,95%CI=1.10-1.49)、工作强度(OR=3.22,95%CI=1.85-5.59)、年龄(OR=2.28,95%CI=1.50-3.48)和吸烟史(OR=2.65,95%CI=1.75-4.00)是经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发的独立影响因素(均P<0.05)。结论:经皮内镜腰椎间盘切除术后复发风险预测模型整体预测性能较好,但模型总体偏倚风险和适用性风险较高,报告质量较低,且缺乏前瞻性研究和外部验证,未来风险预测模型的建立可重点关注Modic改变、体质量指数、工作强度、年龄和吸烟史等预测因子。
文摘目的:基于机器学习的不同算法,开展腰椎间盘突出症的预测模型研究已成为目前精准化医学发展的趋势和热点。但目前使用机器学习进行腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的报告质量和方法学质量的证据有限。通过全面的文献检索,全面整合分析基于机器学习开发和验证腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的既往研究报告质量和偏倚风险,以探索机器学习算法在预测腰椎间盘突出症预后方面的性能。方法:计算机检索中国知网、万方数据库、维普数据库、中国生物医学文献服务系统、PubMed、Web of Science、Embase和The Cochrane Library数据库,搜集关于机器学习用于开发(和/或验证)腰椎间盘突出症预后预测模型的相关研究,检索时限为各数据库建立至2023-12-31。由2名研究者独立筛选文献、提取资料并评估纳入研究的偏倚风险。通过多变量预测模型透明报告(TRIPOD)声明和预测模型偏倚风险评估工具(PROBAST)来评估纳入研究的报告质量和偏倚风险。对于评价的结果使用描述性统计和可视化图表进行分析。结果:①共纳入23项研究,每项研究的TRIPOD遵循度在11%-87%之间,中位遵循度为54%;标题、治疗措施的详细说明、预测因素的盲法、缺失数据的处理方法、危险分层的细节、研究对象纳入的具体流程、模型解释以及模型性能的报告质量大多较差,TRIPOD遵循率在4%-35%之间;②所有纳入的研究中,61%具有高偏倚风险,39%具有不明确的整体偏倚风险;3项研究主要使用曲线下面积、准确度、敏感度及特异性指标评估模型性能;20个模型报道了模型的曲线下面积,范围为0.561-0.999;3个模型报道了模型的准确率,范围为82.07%-89.65%;③在所有纳入的研究中,统计分析领域最常被评估为高偏倚风险,主要是由于有效样本数量较小、根据单变量分析选择预测因素和缺乏研究中模型的校准度、区分度评估所致。结论:结果表明,在腰椎间盘突出症的预后模型开发及验证分析中,机器学习能取得良好的预测能力;常用的算法有回归算法、支持向量机、决策树、随机森林、人工神经网络、朴素贝叶斯等算法,合理的算法结合临床实践可以提高腰椎间盘突出症预后预测的准确性;但基于机器学习的预后预测模型的报告和方法学质量较差,不同模型间的预测性能差异较大,研究模型的普适性和外推性不明确,迫切需要改进此类研究的设计、实施和报告;对于模型开发研究,建模前需全面考虑与疾病预后相关的各类预测因素,建模时严格遵循PROBAST工具的相关标准开展研究,以推动机器学习在腰椎间盘突出症预测模型临床实践中的应用。
基金funded by the National Basic Research Program of China(2009CB119203)the National NaturalScience Foundation of China(30730061)the ChinaAgriculture Research System(CARS-25-B-08)
文摘The worldwide distribution and extensive genetic diversity of the whitefly,Bemisia tabaci,has long been recognized.However,the levels of separation within B.tabaci and the nomenclature of the various genetic groups have been a subject of debate.Recent phylogenetic analyses indicate that B.tabaci is a complex composed of 28 morphologically indistinguishable species.In this article,we first review the debate and difficulties associated with B.tabaci＇s taxonomy and systematics,and argue for the need to apply the biological species concept in order to elucidate B.tabaci＇s systematics.We summarize the accumulated genetic and behavioural data on reproductive incompatibilities evident amongst phylogenetic mtCOI groups of B.tabaci.Crossing studies have been conducted with 14 of the 28 putative species covering 54 reciprocal inter-species pairs,and observations on mating behaviour have been conducted for seven species pairs.Data from both crossing trials and behavioural observations indicate a consistent pattern of reproductive isolation among the putative species.We then discuss the technical and conceptual complexities associated with crossing experiments and behavioural observations designed to reveal reproductive incompatibility.Finally,we elaborate on a strategy for further clarifying the pattern of reproductive isolation between B.tabaci groups and propose future research directions on the systematics of this complex.
基金the National Natural Sciences Foundation of China(grants40173025,49928201)Trans-century Training Program Foundation for the Talents by the Ministry of Education the Visiting Scholar Foundation of Labs in Universities.
文摘He-Ar isotopic compositions of fluid inclusions trapped in pyrites from some representative PGE-polymetallic deposits in Lower Cambrian black rock series in South China were analyzed by using an inert gas isotopic mass spectrometer. The results show that the ore-forming fluids possess a low 3He/4He ratio, varying from 0.43×10-8 to 26.39×10-8, with corresponding R/Ra value of 0.003-0.189. The 40Ar/36Ar ratios are 258-287, close to those of air saturated water (ASW). He-Ar isotopic indicator studies show that the ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from the formation water or basinal hot brine and sea water, while the content of mantle-derived fluid or deep-derived magmatic water might be negligible. The PGE-polymetallic mineralization might be related to the evolution of the Caledonian miogeosynclines distributed along the southern margin of the Yangtze Craton. During the Early Cambrian, the formation water or basinal hot brine trapped in Caledonian basins which accumulated giant thick sediments was expelled and migrated laterally along strata because of the pressure generated by overlying sediments. The basinal hot brine ascended along faults, mixed with sea water and finally deposited ore minerals.
