This supplemental material contains three sections:(Ⅰ)Derivation of the Floquet lattice Hamiltonian;(Ⅱ)Surface states of the Floquet lattice Hamiltonian;(Ⅲ)Evolution of Floquet Weyl points and Fermi arcs with the i...This supplemental material contains three sections:(Ⅰ)Derivation of the Floquet lattice Hamiltonian;(Ⅱ)Surface states of the Floquet lattice Hamiltonian;(Ⅲ)Evolution of Floquet Weyl points and Fermi arcs with the increase of light amplitude;(Ⅳ)Formalism for light-induced anomalous Hall effects.展开更多
This study was conducted at Fafan Research Center, Golajo research site to evaluate the effect of Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaf supplementation on growth performance of short-eared Somali goat breed. A total...This study was conducted at Fafan Research Center, Golajo research site to evaluate the effect of Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaf supplementation on growth performance of short-eared Somali goat breed. A total of fifteen yearling indigenous short-eared Somali goat breeds with an initial weight of 15.2 ± 0.30 kg were assigned to three treatment groups using completely randomized design. Pigeon pea (Pp) and Moringa stenopetala (MS) feeds were formulated using 0%, 5%, and 10% inclusion levels of MSLM and PPLM as experimental diets, respectively. The feed of the experiment was prepared in two levels (2 kg of Moringa stenopetala and 2 kg of pigeon pea) and was supplemented to experimental animals in treatments one and two, respectively. The average e initial body weight of selected male goats was 18.82 ± 0.37, 18.8 ± 0.37 and 17.8 ± 0.37 kg under treatment groups T1, T2 and control respectively. Data was analyzed using general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS computer package Version 9.0 (SAS, 2002). The final weights gain (FWG) of goats on T1 and T2 of experimental group was significantly (P 0.05) the final weight gain of goat supplemented on Moringa stenopetala (T1) and pigeon pea levels (T2). The mean average weight gains (AWG) obtained from the supplemented group in this study were 7.50 ± 0.37 and 7.82 ± 0.37 kg for T1 and T2, whereas mean weight gains for un-supplemented goats were found to be 6.26 ± 0.37 kg. Feeding of dried Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaves mixture improved body weights and average daily body weight gain without affecting feed intake and overall health of Somali goat breed. As Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaves are rich nitrogen/protein source, they can be used effectively as substitute for conventional concentrate in the diet of growing goats at small holder farmer’s level where they can be grown in abundance. Therefore, for higher quality of forage and higher total DM yield for animal feeding, moringa should be harvested at wider harvesting intervals of at least 6th- to 8th-week intervals. Similarly, for pigeon peas, 4- to 6-week harvesting interval can result in optimum forage as well as feed quality and resulted in better growth performances for Somali short-eared goat breeds.展开更多
This study delves into crucial design considerations for residential product supplements,aiming for alignment with modern needs and evolving lifestyles.Given the central importance of housing to product designers,it’...This study delves into crucial design considerations for residential product supplements,aiming for alignment with modern needs and evolving lifestyles.Given the central importance of housing to product designers,it’s essential to develop complementary products satisfying individual and collective demands amidst cultural,technological,and environmental shifts.This research intends to pinpoint key design principles ensuring functionality,safety,and aesthetic harmony within residential settings.Employing a mixed-methods approach,the study integrates descriptive-analytical analysis with field observations to scrutinize user needs,material performance,and spatial adaptability.The findings underscore significance of the environmental compatibility,cultural and religious sensitivity,and judicious material selection.Suspended exterior elements,especially on wind-exposed facades like northeastern ones,require stable,non-moving systems using cylindrical or square metallic or non-metallic pipes for enhanced durability.Entrance supplements should feature simplicity and clear definition,while kitchen elements must utilize non-flammable,moisture-resistant,and easily maintained materials,avoiding wood or similarly flammable substances.Optimal distribution and product placement are vital for upholding safety and ease of movement.In conclusion,the study provides practical recommendations for sustainable,culturally attuned,and functional design innovations in residential product development,offering a framework for designers to craft spaces meeting contemporary demands while honoring local traditions and environmental conditions.展开更多
Background The creatine-creatine kinase-phosphocreatine(Cr-CK-PCr)system maintains intracellular ratios of ATP/ADP for support of cellular functions and has been characterized at the placental-uterine interface of rod...Background The creatine-creatine kinase-phosphocreatine(Cr-CK-PCr)system maintains intracellular ratios of ATP/ADP for support of cellular functions and has been characterized at the placental-uterine interface of rodents,primates,swine and sheep,and thus may support fetal development.This study determined effects of dietary supplementation of creatine(Cr)to gestating gilts on fetal development,the number and ratio of primary and secondary muscle fibers,and on protein expression in endometrium and fetal biceps-femoris muscle,respectively in fetal pigs on d 60 and d 90 of gestation.Methods Reproductively mature gilts were synchronized to estrus using Matrix,observed for estrus(d 0),and artificially inseminated 12 h and 36 h later.Gilts were individually housed and fed 0.86 kg of 14%crude protein diet twice daily that meets nutritional requirements for pregnant gilts.Gilts were assigned to either basal diet control(CON)group,or Cr supplemented group(provided 30 g Cr monohydrate daily)from d 10 to either d 60 or d 90 of gestation.Gilts were euthanized and hysterectomized on either d 60 or d 90 of gestation.These protocols were completed in two replicates,as gilts were bred in spring and euthanized in summer or bred in fall and euthanized in winter(n=20 gilts/replicate).Litter size,crown-rump length,sex,and fetal weight was recorded.Three female and male fetuses closest to mean litter weight were selected to assess effects of treatment on weight of fetal brain,kidney,liver,spleen,and biceps-femoris muscle.Data were analyzed to determine effects of treatment,days of gestation,replicate,and sex on litter size,fetal measurements,and incidence of intrauterine growth restriction.Results Dietary Cr supplementation increased fetal brain weight to body weight ratios on d 90 of gestation(P<0.05)and fetal kidney weight to body weight ratios on d 60 of gestation(P<0.01),while days of gestation had significant effect on expression of mitochondrial CK isoform in gilt endometria(P<0.05).Conclusions Results suggest that dietary supplementation of Cr in gestating gilts enhanced development of select fetal organs and contribute to understanding roles of the Cr-CK-PCr system in pregnancy.展开更多
Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods;however,the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored.T...Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods;however,the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored.This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of cinnamaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoparticles(Cin@CSNPs)against oxidative damage and genotoxicity of ZnO-NPs in mice.ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized using the extract of fresh leaves of Mentha pulegium L.Cin was extracted from cinnamon essential oil,and was loaded into chitosan nanoparticle(Cin@CSNPs).Both ZnO-NPs,Cin@CSNPs and CSNPs were characterized.The in vitro release of Cin@CSNPs was determined.In the biological study,6 groups of male BALB/c mice were treated by gavage for 3 weeks as follows,control group,the group received ZnO-NPs(25 mg/kg b.w),the groups received Cin@CSNPs at low dose(50 mg/kg b.w)or high dose(100 mg/kg b.w),and the groups received ZnO-NPs plus Cin@CSNPs at the 2 tested doses.Blood and tissue samples were collected for different biochemical,genetical and histological studies.The particle size of ZnO-NPs,CSNPs,and Cin@CSNPs were(20.78±2.60),(170.0±3.7),and(218.23±2.90)nm,andξ-potential were(32.7±4.6),(8.32±0.27)and(4.80±0.21)mV,respectively.ZnO-NPs disturbed the biochemical and oxidative stress indices,AFP,CEA,TNF-α,chromosomal aberrations in somatic and germ cells,and sperm abnormality along with severe pathological changes in the hepatic,renal,and testicular tissues.Cin@CSNPs improved significantly all the parameters tested and the histological picture in a dose-dependent.Therefore,the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibit oxidative damage and genotoxicity,and Cin@CSNPs have potential protective effects against the risks of ZnO-NPs and may be a promising tool to overcome the challenges of using Cin in food and pharmaceuticals applications.展开更多
BACKGROUND Perinatal depression affects 10%-20%of pregnant women and subsequently influences maternal health and fetal development.Concerns over the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy have prompted the explora...BACKGROUND Perinatal depression affects 10%-20%of pregnant women and subsequently influences maternal health and fetal development.Concerns over the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy have prompted the exploration of nutritional interventions as adjunct therapies.This study evaluated the impact of combining preconception and prenatal supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements on mood,quality of life,and fetal development in depressed mothers.This retrospective cohort study included 314 pregnant women who were diag-nosed with mild to moderate depression,as determined by a Zung self-rating depression scale score of less than 69.The participants were divided into an intervention group(n=161)receiving myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements and a control group(n=153)without supplementation.Supplementation comm-enced 3 months before conception and continued through pregnancy.Psychiatric symptoms and quality of life were evaluated using the positive and negative affect schedule-now,state-trait anxiety inventory,Patient Health Ques-tionnaire-8,and World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scales preconception and postpartum.Fetal development metrics were assessed via ultrasound,and neonatal outcomes were recorded.RESULTS The intervention group presented significant reductions in gestational diabetes mellitus(13.04%vs 23.53%,P=0.016)and gestational hypertension(3.73%vs 9.15%,P=0.049).Higher levels of inositol,iron,zinc,and probiotics were observed near term in the intervention group.Postpartum mood assessments indicated lower anxiety and depression scores for the intervention group,with significant improvements in the positive and negative affect schedule-now(P=0.002),trait anxiety(P=0.002),and Patient Health Questionnaire-8(P=0.018)scores.The World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scores improved in the psychological(P=0.041)and environmental(P=0.009)domains postpartum.Fetal biparietal diameter and femoral length were greater in the intervention group alongside better neonatal body length and reduced neonatal unit admissions(2.48%vs 7.84%,P=0.031).CONCLUSION Combined supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements from preconception through pregnancy may reduce pregnancy-related complications,enhance mood and quality of life,and improve fetal growth metrics.展开更多
Background:The purpose of this report is to summarize the evidence supporting supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs)in adult cancer patients,and to offer a better understanding of the appropriat...Background:The purpose of this report is to summarize the evidence supporting supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs)in adult cancer patients,and to offer a better understanding of the appropriate use of n-3 PUFAs in the clinical setting.Methods:Numerous databases were searched for guidelines,clinical decision-making documents,systematic reviews,expert consensus statements,and best evidence summaries about the use of n-3 PUFAs in cancer patients from the inception of the database to December 31,2023.Evidence grading and recommendation rating were conducted.The data extracted included the timing of supplementation,symptom management,disease prevention,cost-effectiveness,route of administration,application scenarios,dosage,and safety.Results:The collected data show that n-3 PUFAs are safe for patients receiving chemotherapy who are at risk of malnutrition and cachexia.Moreover,n-3 PUFA supplementation can alleviate the adverse symptoms associated with chemotherapy,extend survival,and improve the quality of life of patients with cancer.Conclusions:The administration of supplementary n-3 PUFAs should be considered based on the patient’s disease stage,treatment plan,nutritional status,and tolerance,as well as the dosage,route and application scenarios.Promoting the clinical use of n-3 PUFAs may improve the outcomes for patients with cancer.展开更多
BACKGROUND Dietary supplement(DS)usage among United States adults has significantly increased.Patients with steatotic liver disease(SLD)may have unique moti-vations to take DS in light of their liver condition and co-...BACKGROUND Dietary supplement(DS)usage among United States adults has significantly increased.Patients with steatotic liver disease(SLD)may have unique moti-vations to take DS in light of their liver condition and co-morbidities.AIM To characterize DS use in SLD patients and explore motivations for their use.METHODS Adults≥18 years old with complete transient elastography and dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between January 2017 and March 2020 were studied.SLD was defined using consensus criteria,combining clinical indicators with elastography thresholds.The DS Questionnaire(DSQ)was used to record participants’use of DSQ.Sample weights were applied to estimate national prevalence.RESULTS Of 2413 participants with SLD,1058 reported using DS,for an estimated prevalence of 44.8%[standard error(SE)2.4]with an average of 2.6(SE 0.2)DS per person.Among SLD participants taking DSQ,53.2%(SE 3.3)reported using non-vitamin/non-mineral ones,with an average of 1.8(SE 0.1)such supplements per person.DS users were more likely to be female,have higher levels of education,and have greater food security(P<0.02 for all).The most common motivations for using DS were to follow doctor’s advice(36.7%,SE 1.8),to improve overall health(22.1%,SE 2.0),and to maintain health(19.2%,SE 1.9).CONCLUSION Nearly half of individuals with SLD report taking DS.This study underscores the pressing need to deepen our understanding of DS use/motivations to develop tailored patient counseling strategies.展开更多
Background:A growing body of research is exploring the role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis,highlighting an increasing emphasis on nonpharmacological interve...Background:A growing body of research is exploring the role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis,highlighting an increasing emphasis on nonpharmacological interventions.Although more patients are turning to supplements to manage osteoarthritis,their actual effectiveness remains uncertain.Objective:This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the available evidence concerning the efficacy of various dietary supplements in osteoarthritis treatment.Search strategy:We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library and Web of Science for studies on the use of various dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis from the creation of each database until Jan 20,2025.Inclusion criteria:(1)Research object:osteoarthritis.(2)Intervention measures:patients in the treatment group received dietary supplements,while the control group received placebos.(3)Research type:randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Data extraction and analysis:Two researchers independently examined the literature and retrieved data based on predefined criteria.The information gathered included the first author,year of publication,sample size,participant demographics,length of the follow-up period,intervention and control measures,and inclusion indications.RCTs comparing dietary supplements to placebo with the pain and function subscales of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)among patients with osteoarthritis were included.The optimal dietary supplement was identified based on the total ranking by summing the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA)of these two scores.Furthermore,the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to confirm the quality of the evidence.Results:Overall,23 studies covering 21 dietary supplements and involving 2455 participants met the inclusion criteria.In the WOMAC pain score,the SUCRA of passion fruit peel extract was 91%(mean difference[MD]:–9.2;95%confidence interval[CI]:[–16.0,–2.3]),followed by methylsulfonylmethane(89%),undenatured type II collagen(87%),collagen(84%),and Lanconone(82%).The SUCRA(99%)of passion fruit peel extract(MD:–41.0;95%CI:[–66.0,–16.0])ranked first in terms of the WOMAC function score,followed by Lanconone(95%),collagen(86%),ParActin(84%),and Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota(83%).The top three total rankings are passion fruit peel extract(95.0%),Lanconone(88.5%),and collagen(85.0%).However,the GRADE revealed low evidence quality.Conclusion:Passion fruit peel extract was the best supplement for improving WOMAC pain and function scores in patients with osteoarthritis,followed by Lanconone and collagen.However,further large-scale,well designed RCTs are required to substantiate these promising findings.展开更多
Ecological water supplement projects have been implemented in many coastal wetlands,influencing saltmarsh vegetation restoration by altering tidal creek development.To clarify the effectiveness of ecological water sup...Ecological water supplement projects have been implemented in many coastal wetlands,influencing saltmarsh vegetation restoration by altering tidal creek development.To clarify the effectiveness of ecological water supplement on tidal creek development and saltmarsh vegetation restoration,time series of high-resolution remote sensing images from2000 to 2021 were used to extract and analyze tidal creeks and saltmarsh vegetation in the Diaokou Estuary Reserve.The results are summarized as follows:(1)All tidal creek indices,except curvature,exhibited a significant linear increase with time,while curvature initially decreased and increased afterwards.The 5-year cumulative ecological water supplement volume was significantly positively correlated(R^(2)>0.7)with all tidal creek indices.(2)During the same period,most landscape pattern metrics of Phragmites australis increased,while those of Tamarix chinensis initially increased and then declined.Although the class area(CA)of Suaeda salsa increased with time,its perimeter-area fractal dimension(PAFRAC)and aggregation index(AI)fluctuated.(3)The CA of P.australis and S.salsa was significantly positively correlated with most tidal creek indices except curvature,while that of T.chinensis showed no significant correlation with any tidal creek index.Moreover,the AI and PAFRAC of P.australis were significantly positively correlated with fractal dimension,frequency/curvature of tidal creeks,respectively,while those of S.salsa and T.chinensis exhibited no significant correlation.In summary,the ecological water supplement project enhanced tidal creek development in coastal wetlands,promoting the restoration of P.australis and S.salsa,while having little impact on the restoration of T.chinensis.展开更多
Preterm birth and suboptimal fetal growth remain significant perinatal challenges worldwide.Recent data indicate that China's perinatal profile has improved due to reductions in preterm birth rates.However,the cou...Preterm birth and suboptimal fetal growth remain significant perinatal challenges worldwide.Recent data indicate that China's perinatal profile has improved due to reductions in preterm birth rates.However,the country has a 6.5%prevalence of small-for-gestational-age(SGA),ranking fifth globally in total SGA birth numbers^([1,2]).展开更多
Objective Epidemiological studies have shown that vitamin D status affects glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,findings from intervention studies remain inconsistent.Therefore,a...Objective Epidemiological studies have shown that vitamin D status affects glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,findings from intervention studies remain inconsistent.Therefore,a network meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of various vitamin D supplementation strategies on glucose indicators in adults with T2DM.Methods Eligible studies published before September 12,2024,were retrieved from PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science.A network meta-analysis of multiple dosage strategies—low(<1,000 IU/day,LDS),medium(1,000–2,000 IU/day,MDS),high(2,000–4,000 IU/day,HDS),and extremely high(≥4,000 IU/day,EHDS)—was performed.Results The network meta-analysis of 40 RCTs indicated that,compared with placebo,vitamin D_(3)supplementation increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)-D]levels,with pooled mean difference(MD)showing a stepwise increase from LDS to EHDS.Ranking probabilities showed a corresponding rise in 25-(OH)-D levels from LDS(46.7%)to EHDS(91.2%).EHDS reduced fasting blood glucose(FBG)relative to no treatment.LDS significantly decreased hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),and vitamin D_(2) significantly affected FBG levels.MDS led to a significant change in fasting insulin(FIN)compared to both placebo(MD:-4.76;95%CI-8.91 to-0.61)and no treatment(MD:-7.30;95%CI-14.44 to-0.17).Conclusion The findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be a viable approach for improving glycemic control in adults with T2DM,with lower doses potentially offering benefit.The analysis also showed a dose-dependent increase in 25-(OH)-D levels.展开更多
Bioactive peptides have various excellent biological activities and serve as functional foods to prevent chronic diseases in the human body.This article investigated the regulatory effect of egg white peptides(EPs)on ...Bioactive peptides have various excellent biological activities and serve as functional foods to prevent chronic diseases in the human body.This article investigated the regulatory effect of egg white peptides(EPs)on the intestine barrier of young mice with colitis.The results showed that the intake of EPs could protect the intestines from inflammation damage.Besides,the expression of tight junction proteins and mucin is upregulated.Markedly,the intake of EPs can increase the concentration of amino acids in the serum of young mice,which is crucial for nutritional supplementation during intestinal inflammation process.Proteomics analysis implied that EPs can regulate protein expression in the intestine,involving multiple inflammatory pathways including phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.This demonstrated the health benefits of bioactive peptides and provides a theoretical basis for the development of animal derived proteins as functional foods.展开更多
文摘This supplemental material contains three sections:(Ⅰ)Derivation of the Floquet lattice Hamiltonian;(Ⅱ)Surface states of the Floquet lattice Hamiltonian;(Ⅲ)Evolution of Floquet Weyl points and Fermi arcs with the increase of light amplitude;(Ⅳ)Formalism for light-induced anomalous Hall effects.
文摘This study was conducted at Fafan Research Center, Golajo research site to evaluate the effect of Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaf supplementation on growth performance of short-eared Somali goat breed. A total of fifteen yearling indigenous short-eared Somali goat breeds with an initial weight of 15.2 ± 0.30 kg were assigned to three treatment groups using completely randomized design. Pigeon pea (Pp) and Moringa stenopetala (MS) feeds were formulated using 0%, 5%, and 10% inclusion levels of MSLM and PPLM as experimental diets, respectively. The feed of the experiment was prepared in two levels (2 kg of Moringa stenopetala and 2 kg of pigeon pea) and was supplemented to experimental animals in treatments one and two, respectively. The average e initial body weight of selected male goats was 18.82 ± 0.37, 18.8 ± 0.37 and 17.8 ± 0.37 kg under treatment groups T1, T2 and control respectively. Data was analyzed using general linear model (GLM) procedure of SAS computer package Version 9.0 (SAS, 2002). The final weights gain (FWG) of goats on T1 and T2 of experimental group was significantly (P 0.05) the final weight gain of goat supplemented on Moringa stenopetala (T1) and pigeon pea levels (T2). The mean average weight gains (AWG) obtained from the supplemented group in this study were 7.50 ± 0.37 and 7.82 ± 0.37 kg for T1 and T2, whereas mean weight gains for un-supplemented goats were found to be 6.26 ± 0.37 kg. Feeding of dried Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaves mixture improved body weights and average daily body weight gain without affecting feed intake and overall health of Somali goat breed. As Moringa stenopetala and pigeon pea leaves are rich nitrogen/protein source, they can be used effectively as substitute for conventional concentrate in the diet of growing goats at small holder farmer’s level where they can be grown in abundance. Therefore, for higher quality of forage and higher total DM yield for animal feeding, moringa should be harvested at wider harvesting intervals of at least 6th- to 8th-week intervals. Similarly, for pigeon peas, 4- to 6-week harvesting interval can result in optimum forage as well as feed quality and resulted in better growth performances for Somali short-eared goat breeds.
基金funded by the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research,Jazan University,Saudi Arabia,through Project number:(JU-202503247-DGSSRRP-2025).
文摘This study delves into crucial design considerations for residential product supplements,aiming for alignment with modern needs and evolving lifestyles.Given the central importance of housing to product designers,it’s essential to develop complementary products satisfying individual and collective demands amidst cultural,technological,and environmental shifts.This research intends to pinpoint key design principles ensuring functionality,safety,and aesthetic harmony within residential settings.Employing a mixed-methods approach,the study integrates descriptive-analytical analysis with field observations to scrutinize user needs,material performance,and spatial adaptability.The findings underscore significance of the environmental compatibility,cultural and religious sensitivity,and judicious material selection.Suspended exterior elements,especially on wind-exposed facades like northeastern ones,require stable,non-moving systems using cylindrical or square metallic or non-metallic pipes for enhanced durability.Entrance supplements should feature simplicity and clear definition,while kitchen elements must utilize non-flammable,moisture-resistant,and easily maintained materials,avoiding wood or similarly flammable substances.Optimal distribution and product placement are vital for upholding safety and ease of movement.In conclusion,the study provides practical recommendations for sustainable,culturally attuned,and functional design innovations in residential product development,offering a framework for designers to craft spaces meeting contemporary demands while honoring local traditions and environmental conditions.
基金supported by Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant no.2022–67015-36376 from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture.
文摘Background The creatine-creatine kinase-phosphocreatine(Cr-CK-PCr)system maintains intracellular ratios of ATP/ADP for support of cellular functions and has been characterized at the placental-uterine interface of rodents,primates,swine and sheep,and thus may support fetal development.This study determined effects of dietary supplementation of creatine(Cr)to gestating gilts on fetal development,the number and ratio of primary and secondary muscle fibers,and on protein expression in endometrium and fetal biceps-femoris muscle,respectively in fetal pigs on d 60 and d 90 of gestation.Methods Reproductively mature gilts were synchronized to estrus using Matrix,observed for estrus(d 0),and artificially inseminated 12 h and 36 h later.Gilts were individually housed and fed 0.86 kg of 14%crude protein diet twice daily that meets nutritional requirements for pregnant gilts.Gilts were assigned to either basal diet control(CON)group,or Cr supplemented group(provided 30 g Cr monohydrate daily)from d 10 to either d 60 or d 90 of gestation.Gilts were euthanized and hysterectomized on either d 60 or d 90 of gestation.These protocols were completed in two replicates,as gilts were bred in spring and euthanized in summer or bred in fall and euthanized in winter(n=20 gilts/replicate).Litter size,crown-rump length,sex,and fetal weight was recorded.Three female and male fetuses closest to mean litter weight were selected to assess effects of treatment on weight of fetal brain,kidney,liver,spleen,and biceps-femoris muscle.Data were analyzed to determine effects of treatment,days of gestation,replicate,and sex on litter size,fetal measurements,and incidence of intrauterine growth restriction.Results Dietary Cr supplementation increased fetal brain weight to body weight ratios on d 90 of gestation(P<0.05)and fetal kidney weight to body weight ratios on d 60 of gestation(P<0.01),while days of gestation had significant effect on expression of mitochondrial CK isoform in gilt endometria(P<0.05).Conclusions Results suggest that dietary supplementation of Cr in gestating gilts enhanced development of select fetal organs and contribute to understanding roles of the Cr-CK-PCr system in pregnancy.
基金supported by the National Research Centre,Dokki,Cairo,Egypt project#13050302.
文摘Synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles(ZnO-NPs)via green method is an outstanding alternative to conventional/regular methods;however,the safety or toxicity of the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs in vivo is not fully explored.This study was conducted to evaluate the protective efficiency of cinnamaldehyde-loaded chitosan nanoparticles(Cin@CSNPs)against oxidative damage and genotoxicity of ZnO-NPs in mice.ZnO-NPs were biosynthesized using the extract of fresh leaves of Mentha pulegium L.Cin was extracted from cinnamon essential oil,and was loaded into chitosan nanoparticle(Cin@CSNPs).Both ZnO-NPs,Cin@CSNPs and CSNPs were characterized.The in vitro release of Cin@CSNPs was determined.In the biological study,6 groups of male BALB/c mice were treated by gavage for 3 weeks as follows,control group,the group received ZnO-NPs(25 mg/kg b.w),the groups received Cin@CSNPs at low dose(50 mg/kg b.w)or high dose(100 mg/kg b.w),and the groups received ZnO-NPs plus Cin@CSNPs at the 2 tested doses.Blood and tissue samples were collected for different biochemical,genetical and histological studies.The particle size of ZnO-NPs,CSNPs,and Cin@CSNPs were(20.78±2.60),(170.0±3.7),and(218.23±2.90)nm,andξ-potential were(32.7±4.6),(8.32±0.27)and(4.80±0.21)mV,respectively.ZnO-NPs disturbed the biochemical and oxidative stress indices,AFP,CEA,TNF-α,chromosomal aberrations in somatic and germ cells,and sperm abnormality along with severe pathological changes in the hepatic,renal,and testicular tissues.Cin@CSNPs improved significantly all the parameters tested and the histological picture in a dose-dependent.Therefore,the biosynthesized ZnO-NPs exhibit oxidative damage and genotoxicity,and Cin@CSNPs have potential protective effects against the risks of ZnO-NPs and may be a promising tool to overcome the challenges of using Cin in food and pharmaceuticals applications.
文摘BACKGROUND Perinatal depression affects 10%-20%of pregnant women and subsequently influences maternal health and fetal development.Concerns over the safety of antidepressants during pregnancy have prompted the exploration of nutritional interventions as adjunct therapies.This study evaluated the impact of combining preconception and prenatal supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements on mood,quality of life,and fetal development in depressed mothers.This retrospective cohort study included 314 pregnant women who were diag-nosed with mild to moderate depression,as determined by a Zung self-rating depression scale score of less than 69.The participants were divided into an intervention group(n=161)receiving myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements and a control group(n=153)without supplementation.Supplementation comm-enced 3 months before conception and continued through pregnancy.Psychiatric symptoms and quality of life were evaluated using the positive and negative affect schedule-now,state-trait anxiety inventory,Patient Health Ques-tionnaire-8,and World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scales preconception and postpartum.Fetal development metrics were assessed via ultrasound,and neonatal outcomes were recorded.RESULTS The intervention group presented significant reductions in gestational diabetes mellitus(13.04%vs 23.53%,P=0.016)and gestational hypertension(3.73%vs 9.15%,P=0.049).Higher levels of inositol,iron,zinc,and probiotics were observed near term in the intervention group.Postpartum mood assessments indicated lower anxiety and depression scores for the intervention group,with significant improvements in the positive and negative affect schedule-now(P=0.002),trait anxiety(P=0.002),and Patient Health Questionnaire-8(P=0.018)scores.The World Health Organization Quality of life Assessment:Brief Version scores improved in the psychological(P=0.041)and environmental(P=0.009)domains postpartum.Fetal biparietal diameter and femoral length were greater in the intervention group alongside better neonatal body length and reduced neonatal unit admissions(2.48%vs 7.84%,P=0.031).CONCLUSION Combined supplementation with myo-inositol,probiotics,and trace elements from preconception through pregnancy may reduce pregnancy-related complications,enhance mood and quality of life,and improve fetal growth metrics.
文摘Background:The purpose of this report is to summarize the evidence supporting supplementation of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids(n-3 PUFAs)in adult cancer patients,and to offer a better understanding of the appropriate use of n-3 PUFAs in the clinical setting.Methods:Numerous databases were searched for guidelines,clinical decision-making documents,systematic reviews,expert consensus statements,and best evidence summaries about the use of n-3 PUFAs in cancer patients from the inception of the database to December 31,2023.Evidence grading and recommendation rating were conducted.The data extracted included the timing of supplementation,symptom management,disease prevention,cost-effectiveness,route of administration,application scenarios,dosage,and safety.Results:The collected data show that n-3 PUFAs are safe for patients receiving chemotherapy who are at risk of malnutrition and cachexia.Moreover,n-3 PUFA supplementation can alleviate the adverse symptoms associated with chemotherapy,extend survival,and improve the quality of life of patients with cancer.Conclusions:The administration of supplementary n-3 PUFAs should be considered based on the patient’s disease stage,treatment plan,nutritional status,and tolerance,as well as the dosage,route and application scenarios.Promoting the clinical use of n-3 PUFAs may improve the outcomes for patients with cancer.
基金Supported by The National Institutes of Health,No.K24AG080021,No.R01AG059183,and No.P30DK026743.
文摘BACKGROUND Dietary supplement(DS)usage among United States adults has significantly increased.Patients with steatotic liver disease(SLD)may have unique moti-vations to take DS in light of their liver condition and co-morbidities.AIM To characterize DS use in SLD patients and explore motivations for their use.METHODS Adults≥18 years old with complete transient elastography and dietary data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between January 2017 and March 2020 were studied.SLD was defined using consensus criteria,combining clinical indicators with elastography thresholds.The DS Questionnaire(DSQ)was used to record participants’use of DSQ.Sample weights were applied to estimate national prevalence.RESULTS Of 2413 participants with SLD,1058 reported using DS,for an estimated prevalence of 44.8%[standard error(SE)2.4]with an average of 2.6(SE 0.2)DS per person.Among SLD participants taking DSQ,53.2%(SE 3.3)reported using non-vitamin/non-mineral ones,with an average of 1.8(SE 0.1)such supplements per person.DS users were more likely to be female,have higher levels of education,and have greater food security(P<0.02 for all).The most common motivations for using DS were to follow doctor’s advice(36.7%,SE 1.8),to improve overall health(22.1%,SE 2.0),and to maintain health(19.2%,SE 1.9).CONCLUSION Nearly half of individuals with SLD report taking DS.This study underscores the pressing need to deepen our understanding of DS use/motivations to develop tailored patient counseling strategies.
基金supported by the Association Foundation Program of the Yunnan Provincial Science and Technology Department and Kunming Medical University(No.202401AY070001-176 and 202401AY070001-180)the Xing Dian Talent Support Plan(to ZC),the Yunnan Province “the 14th Five-Year Plan”Provincial Key Clinical Specialty Construction Project(Traumatology Surgery)the Yunnan University Medical Research Foundation(No.YDYXJJ2024-0029,YDYXJJ2024-0040 and YDYXJJ2024-0017)。
文摘Background:A growing body of research is exploring the role of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis,highlighting an increasing emphasis on nonpharmacological interventions.Although more patients are turning to supplements to manage osteoarthritis,their actual effectiveness remains uncertain.Objective:This study aims to provide a comprehensive evaluation of the available evidence concerning the efficacy of various dietary supplements in osteoarthritis treatment.Search strategy:We searched PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library and Web of Science for studies on the use of various dietary supplements in the treatment of osteoarthritis from the creation of each database until Jan 20,2025.Inclusion criteria:(1)Research object:osteoarthritis.(2)Intervention measures:patients in the treatment group received dietary supplements,while the control group received placebos.(3)Research type:randomized controlled trials(RCTs).Data extraction and analysis:Two researchers independently examined the literature and retrieved data based on predefined criteria.The information gathered included the first author,year of publication,sample size,participant demographics,length of the follow-up period,intervention and control measures,and inclusion indications.RCTs comparing dietary supplements to placebo with the pain and function subscales of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index(WOMAC)among patients with osteoarthritis were included.The optimal dietary supplement was identified based on the total ranking by summing the surface under the cumulative ranking curve(SUCRA)of these two scores.Furthermore,the Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation(GRADE)was used to confirm the quality of the evidence.Results:Overall,23 studies covering 21 dietary supplements and involving 2455 participants met the inclusion criteria.In the WOMAC pain score,the SUCRA of passion fruit peel extract was 91%(mean difference[MD]:–9.2;95%confidence interval[CI]:[–16.0,–2.3]),followed by methylsulfonylmethane(89%),undenatured type II collagen(87%),collagen(84%),and Lanconone(82%).The SUCRA(99%)of passion fruit peel extract(MD:–41.0;95%CI:[–66.0,–16.0])ranked first in terms of the WOMAC function score,followed by Lanconone(95%),collagen(86%),ParActin(84%),and Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota(83%).The top three total rankings are passion fruit peel extract(95.0%),Lanconone(88.5%),and collagen(85.0%).However,the GRADE revealed low evidence quality.Conclusion:Passion fruit peel extract was the best supplement for improving WOMAC pain and function scores in patients with osteoarthritis,followed by Lanconone and collagen.However,further large-scale,well designed RCTs are required to substantiate these promising findings.
基金National Key Research and Development Program of China,No.2022YFC3204302China National Admin-istration of Coal Geology,No.ZMKJ-2021-ZX04。
文摘Ecological water supplement projects have been implemented in many coastal wetlands,influencing saltmarsh vegetation restoration by altering tidal creek development.To clarify the effectiveness of ecological water supplement on tidal creek development and saltmarsh vegetation restoration,time series of high-resolution remote sensing images from2000 to 2021 were used to extract and analyze tidal creeks and saltmarsh vegetation in the Diaokou Estuary Reserve.The results are summarized as follows:(1)All tidal creek indices,except curvature,exhibited a significant linear increase with time,while curvature initially decreased and increased afterwards.The 5-year cumulative ecological water supplement volume was significantly positively correlated(R^(2)>0.7)with all tidal creek indices.(2)During the same period,most landscape pattern metrics of Phragmites australis increased,while those of Tamarix chinensis initially increased and then declined.Although the class area(CA)of Suaeda salsa increased with time,its perimeter-area fractal dimension(PAFRAC)and aggregation index(AI)fluctuated.(3)The CA of P.australis and S.salsa was significantly positively correlated with most tidal creek indices except curvature,while that of T.chinensis showed no significant correlation with any tidal creek index.Moreover,the AI and PAFRAC of P.australis were significantly positively correlated with fractal dimension,frequency/curvature of tidal creeks,respectively,while those of S.salsa and T.chinensis exhibited no significant correlation.In summary,the ecological water supplement project enhanced tidal creek development in coastal wetlands,promoting the restoration of P.australis and S.salsa,while having little impact on the restoration of T.chinensis.
基金funded by the Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(grant number 2024JJ5283 to XH)。
文摘Preterm birth and suboptimal fetal growth remain significant perinatal challenges worldwide.Recent data indicate that China's perinatal profile has improved due to reductions in preterm birth rates.However,the country has a 6.5%prevalence of small-for-gestational-age(SGA),ranking fifth globally in total SGA birth numbers^([1,2]).
文摘Objective Epidemiological studies have shown that vitamin D status affects glycemic control in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM).However,findings from intervention studies remain inconsistent.Therefore,a network meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the comparative efficacy of various vitamin D supplementation strategies on glucose indicators in adults with T2DM.Methods Eligible studies published before September 12,2024,were retrieved from PubMed,EMBASE,Cochrane Library,and Web of Science.A network meta-analysis of multiple dosage strategies—low(<1,000 IU/day,LDS),medium(1,000–2,000 IU/day,MDS),high(2,000–4,000 IU/day,HDS),and extremely high(≥4,000 IU/day,EHDS)—was performed.Results The network meta-analysis of 40 RCTs indicated that,compared with placebo,vitamin D_(3)supplementation increased 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25-(OH)-D]levels,with pooled mean difference(MD)showing a stepwise increase from LDS to EHDS.Ranking probabilities showed a corresponding rise in 25-(OH)-D levels from LDS(46.7%)to EHDS(91.2%).EHDS reduced fasting blood glucose(FBG)relative to no treatment.LDS significantly decreased hemoglobin A1c(HbA1c),and vitamin D_(2) significantly affected FBG levels.MDS led to a significant change in fasting insulin(FIN)compared to both placebo(MD:-4.76;95%CI-8.91 to-0.61)and no treatment(MD:-7.30;95%CI-14.44 to-0.17).Conclusion The findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be a viable approach for improving glycemic control in adults with T2DM,with lower doses potentially offering benefit.The analysis also showed a dose-dependent increase in 25-(OH)-D levels.
基金funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32272346)Graduate Innovation Fund of Jilin University.
文摘Bioactive peptides have various excellent biological activities and serve as functional foods to prevent chronic diseases in the human body.This article investigated the regulatory effect of egg white peptides(EPs)on the intestine barrier of young mice with colitis.The results showed that the intake of EPs could protect the intestines from inflammation damage.Besides,the expression of tight junction proteins and mucin is upregulated.Markedly,the intake of EPs can increase the concentration of amino acids in the serum of young mice,which is crucial for nutritional supplementation during intestinal inflammation process.Proteomics analysis implied that EPs can regulate protein expression in the intestine,involving multiple inflammatory pathways including phosphoinositide 3-kinase(PI3K)-protein kinase B(AKT)and mitogen-activated protein kinase(MAPK)signaling pathway.This demonstrated the health benefits of bioactive peptides and provides a theoretical basis for the development of animal derived proteins as functional foods.
