In today's era of continuous advancement in materials science,the properties of materials are constantly being enhanced,and their application fields are also expanding continuously.SAF(Super Absorbent Fiber),one s...In today's era of continuous advancement in materials science,the properties of materials are constantly being enhanced,and their application fields are also expanding continuously.SAF(Super Absorbent Fiber),one such material,stands out.Compared to traditional SAP(Super Absorbent Polymer),SAF boasts a unique fibrous form and exceptional performance,presenting broad application prospects.展开更多
近年来,深度强化学习在复杂决策和控制任务中得到了广泛应用,并在游戏AI领域展现了卓越性能。基于双重深度Q网络的方法,提出一种通过智能体与Super Mario Bros环境的持续交互、逐步学习并优化游戏策略。首先,利用gym-super-mario-bros...近年来,深度强化学习在复杂决策和控制任务中得到了广泛应用,并在游戏AI领域展现了卓越性能。基于双重深度Q网络的方法,提出一种通过智能体与Super Mario Bros环境的持续交互、逐步学习并优化游戏策略。首先,利用gym-super-mario-bros框架构建训练环境,并通过帧跳、灰度转换和图像缩放等技术提升训练效率。其次,智能体采用DDQN架构结合卷积神经网络进行特征提取,并通过经验回放和目标网络减少Q值波动。最后,通过衰减的epsilon-greedy策略平衡探索与利用。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提升智能体表现。展开更多
We proposed a new technique route of directional solidification for the manufacture of super slab.A 7-t laboratory-scale thick slab was casted and characterised for trial.To further understand the process,the evolutio...We proposed a new technique route of directional solidification for the manufacture of super slab.A 7-t laboratory-scale thick slab was casted and characterised for trial.To further understand the process,the evolution of the multiple physical fields during the directional solidification was simulated and verified.Similar to the convectional ingot casting,a negative segregated cone of equiaxed grains was formed at the bottom,and a seriously positive segregated region was formed beneath the top surface of the slab.Specific measures on the lateral walls,base plate,and free surface were strongly recommended to ensure that the slab is relatively directionally casted.A water-cooling copper base plate accelerates the solidification rate and the columnar growth along the vertical direction.It inhibits the sedimentation of equiaxed grains and enlarges the columnar zone.Based on the simulation analysis,it can be concluded that the directional solidification technique route is promising to manufacture super slab with lower segregation level,and less porosities and inclusions.展开更多
Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture and can be characterised by both mass loss and microstructure deterioration of the bone.The modern way of osteoporosis assessment is through the measurement of bone miner...Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture and can be characterised by both mass loss and microstructure deterioration of the bone.The modern way of osteoporosis assessment is through the measurement of bone mineral density,which is not able to unveil the pathological condition from the mesoscale aspect.To obtain mesoscale information from computed tomography(CT),the super-resolution(SR)approach for volumetric imaging data is required.A deep learning model AESR3D is proposed to recover high-resolution(HR)Micro-CT from low-resolution Micro-CT and implement an unsupervised segmentation for better trabecular observation and measurement.A new regularisation overcomplete autoencoder framework for the SR task is proposed and theoretically analysed.The best performance is achieved on structural similarity measure of trabecular CT SR task compared with the state-of-the-art models in both natural and medical image SR tasks.The HR and SR images show a high correlation(r=0.996,intraclass correlation coefficients=0.917)on trabecular bone morphological indicators.The results also prove the effectiveness of our regularisation framework when training a large capacity model.展开更多
Li Auto’s Beijing factory is a highly advanced,intelligent,and green-oriented factory.EVERY minute,one MEGA,Li Auto’s flagship multi-purpose vehicle(MPV)priced at over RMB 500,000,rolls off its production line.New-e...Li Auto’s Beijing factory is a highly advanced,intelligent,and green-oriented factory.EVERY minute,one MEGA,Li Auto’s flagship multi-purpose vehicle(MPV)priced at over RMB 500,000,rolls off its production line.New-energy vehicles(NEVs)epitomize China’s upgrade towards premium,intelligent,and green manufacturing.展开更多
In this study,femtosecond pulsed laser processing was applied to the magnesium alloy,followed by in situ growth of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides(LDHs),and finally modification with low surface energy materials to pr...In this study,femtosecond pulsed laser processing was applied to the magnesium alloy,followed by in situ growth of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides(LDHs),and finally modification with low surface energy materials to prepare a biomimetic of centipede-like superhydrophobic composite coating.The resulting biomimetic coating features a dual-scale structure,comprising a micron-scale laser-etched array and nano-scale LDH sheets,which together create a complex hierarchical architecture.The multistage bionic superhydrophobic coating exhibits exceptional corrosion resistance,with a reduction in corrosion current density by approximately five orders of magnitude compared to the bare magnesium alloy substrate.This remarkable corrosion resistance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the superhydrophobicity with a contact angle(CA)of 154.60°,the densification of the surface LDH nanosheets,and the NO_(3)^(-) exchange capacity.Additionally,compared to untreated AZ91D alloy,the biomimetic coating prolongs ice formation time by 250% at-40℃ and withstands multiple cycles of sandpaper abrasion and repeated tape peeling tests.Furthermore,it demonstrates excellent self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties,as confirmed by dye immersion and dust contamination tests.The construction of the multi-level bionic structured coating not only holds significant practical potential for metal protection but also provides valuable insights into the application of formed LDH materials in functional bionic coating engineering.展开更多
The extraordinary Super Typhoon(STY)Muifa(2022)made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China.Although previous studies have demonstrated the‘pumping effect&...The extraordinary Super Typhoon(STY)Muifa(2022)made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China.Although previous studies have demonstrated the‘pumping effect'of typhoons on the enhancement of reactive nitrogen(Nr)wet deposition over the ocean,it is uncertain how Nr deposition is influenced by typhoons thatmake prolonged mechanism due tomultiple landfalls.In this study,theNr wet deposition induced by STYMuifawas investigated fromthe perspective of in-and below-cloud processes based on the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System with an online tracer-tagging module.High volume of Nr wet deposition caused by Muifa migrated from south to north,passing over half of China's coastal cities.Compared to the typhoon generated vicinity,both mean values of the oxidized and reduced nitrogen wet deposition over the Typhoon affected regions were increased about 20.4 and 66.1 times after landfall even with the similar rainfall.Emissions from the four landfall areas of China contributed to the majority of Nr wet deposition with significantly enhanced proportion of in-cloud deposition.The strong pumping effect of typhoon to the Nr deposition along the coastal areas and the risk of ecosystem effects requires further researches and higher demands on the control of nitrogen emissions of National Industrial Park,which usually located in China's coastal cities.展开更多
Super duplex stainless steels(SDSSs)and hyper duplex stainless steels(HDSSs),with more alloying elements content,are more corrosion resistant than the standard grades.Progresses of research works on weldability of SDS...Super duplex stainless steels(SDSSs)and hyper duplex stainless steels(HDSSs),with more alloying elements content,are more corrosion resistant than the standard grades.Progresses of research works on weldability of SDSSs and HDSSs in recent years are reviewed in this paper.If proper heat input is provided,SDSSs and HDSSs can be welded with most fusion welding processes,while tungsten inert gas welding is the most popular process.SDSSs and HDSSs are more prone to secondary phases precipitation than the standard and lean grades,and heat input for SDSSs and HDSSs welding is restricted to a smaller range.Matching filler materials are usually recommended for SDSSs and HDSSs welding,rather than Ni-riched ones for standard and lean grades.Nitrogen addition in shielding gas is always beneficial.Post weld heat treatment with slow cooling rate will be harmful.Hot cracking tendency of SDSSs and HDSSs joints is not high,but sometimes they can suffer from hydrogen induced stress cracking.展开更多
Chemical recycling/upcycling of plastics has emerged as one of the most promising strategies for the plastic circular economy,enabling the depolymerization and functionalization of plastics into valuable monomers and ...Chemical recycling/upcycling of plastics has emerged as one of the most promising strategies for the plastic circular economy,enabling the depolymerization and functionalization of plastics into valuable monomers and chemicals.However,studies on the depolymerization and functionalization of challenging super engineering plastics have remained in early stage and underexplored.In this review,we would like to discuss the representative accomplishments and mechanism insights on chemical protocols achieved in depolymerization of super engineering plastics,especially for poly(phenylene sulfide)(PPS),poly(aryl ether)s including poly(ether ether ketone)(PEEK),polysulfone(PSU),polyphenylsulfone(PPSU)and polyethersulfone(PES).We anticipate that this review will provide an overall perspective on the current status and future trends of this emerging field.展开更多
2024 is a“super election year”with the biggest influence in the world since World War II.About 80 countries covering about 60%of the world's population hold national elections.The number and scale of elections a...2024 is a“super election year”with the biggest influence in the world since World War II.About 80 countries covering about 60%of the world's population hold national elections.The number and scale of elections are rare in history.The processes and results of many countries'elections are so dramatic,with a series of exchanges,offenses and defenses,which further highlights the trend of intensified political confrontation and social division around the world.展开更多
文摘In today's era of continuous advancement in materials science,the properties of materials are constantly being enhanced,and their application fields are also expanding continuously.SAF(Super Absorbent Fiber),one such material,stands out.Compared to traditional SAP(Super Absorbent Polymer),SAF boasts a unique fibrous form and exceptional performance,presenting broad application prospects.
文摘近年来,深度强化学习在复杂决策和控制任务中得到了广泛应用,并在游戏AI领域展现了卓越性能。基于双重深度Q网络的方法,提出一种通过智能体与Super Mario Bros环境的持续交互、逐步学习并优化游戏策略。首先,利用gym-super-mario-bros框架构建训练环境,并通过帧跳、灰度转换和图像缩放等技术提升训练效率。其次,智能体采用DDQN架构结合卷积神经网络进行特征提取,并通过经验回放和目标网络减少Q值波动。最后,通过衰减的epsilon-greedy策略平衡探索与利用。实验结果表明,该方法能有效提升智能体表现。
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52074182)Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.U23A20612).
文摘We proposed a new technique route of directional solidification for the manufacture of super slab.A 7-t laboratory-scale thick slab was casted and characterised for trial.To further understand the process,the evolution of the multiple physical fields during the directional solidification was simulated and verified.Similar to the convectional ingot casting,a negative segregated cone of equiaxed grains was formed at the bottom,and a seriously positive segregated region was formed beneath the top surface of the slab.Specific measures on the lateral walls,base plate,and free surface were strongly recommended to ensure that the slab is relatively directionally casted.A water-cooling copper base plate accelerates the solidification rate and the columnar growth along the vertical direction.It inhibits the sedimentation of equiaxed grains and enlarges the columnar zone.Based on the simulation analysis,it can be concluded that the directional solidification technique route is promising to manufacture super slab with lower segregation level,and less porosities and inclusions.
基金Beijing Natural Science Foundation-Haidian original Innovation Joint Foundation,Grant/Award Number:L192016Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:U21A20489+3 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:62003330Shenzhen Fundamental Research Funds,Grant/Award Numbers:JCYJ20220818101608019,JCYJ20190807170407391,JCYJ20180507182415428Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,Grant/Award Number:2019A1515011699Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems,Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology。
文摘Osteoporosis is a major cause of bone fracture and can be characterised by both mass loss and microstructure deterioration of the bone.The modern way of osteoporosis assessment is through the measurement of bone mineral density,which is not able to unveil the pathological condition from the mesoscale aspect.To obtain mesoscale information from computed tomography(CT),the super-resolution(SR)approach for volumetric imaging data is required.A deep learning model AESR3D is proposed to recover high-resolution(HR)Micro-CT from low-resolution Micro-CT and implement an unsupervised segmentation for better trabecular observation and measurement.A new regularisation overcomplete autoencoder framework for the SR task is proposed and theoretically analysed.The best performance is achieved on structural similarity measure of trabecular CT SR task compared with the state-of-the-art models in both natural and medical image SR tasks.The HR and SR images show a high correlation(r=0.996,intraclass correlation coefficients=0.917)on trabecular bone morphological indicators.The results also prove the effectiveness of our regularisation framework when training a large capacity model.
文摘Li Auto’s Beijing factory is a highly advanced,intelligent,and green-oriented factory.EVERY minute,one MEGA,Li Auto’s flagship multi-purpose vehicle(MPV)priced at over RMB 500,000,rolls off its production line.New-energy vehicles(NEVs)epitomize China’s upgrade towards premium,intelligent,and green manufacturing.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.52331004,U2106216)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2022ZD12)+2 种基金the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province,China(2023ZLGX05,2023CXGC010406)Key Program of Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province of China(No.ZR2022ZD12,ZR2024ZD14)the Taishan Scholarship of Climbing Plan(No.tspd20230603)。
文摘In this study,femtosecond pulsed laser processing was applied to the magnesium alloy,followed by in situ growth of Mg-Al layered double hydroxides(LDHs),and finally modification with low surface energy materials to prepare a biomimetic of centipede-like superhydrophobic composite coating.The resulting biomimetic coating features a dual-scale structure,comprising a micron-scale laser-etched array and nano-scale LDH sheets,which together create a complex hierarchical architecture.The multistage bionic superhydrophobic coating exhibits exceptional corrosion resistance,with a reduction in corrosion current density by approximately five orders of magnitude compared to the bare magnesium alloy substrate.This remarkable corrosion resistance is attributed to the synergistic effects of the superhydrophobicity with a contact angle(CA)of 154.60°,the densification of the surface LDH nanosheets,and the NO_(3)^(-) exchange capacity.Additionally,compared to untreated AZ91D alloy,the biomimetic coating prolongs ice formation time by 250% at-40℃ and withstands multiple cycles of sandpaper abrasion and repeated tape peeling tests.Furthermore,it demonstrates excellent self-cleaning and anti-fouling properties,as confirmed by dye immersion and dust contamination tests.The construction of the multi-level bionic structured coating not only holds significant practical potential for metal protection but also provides valuable insights into the application of formed LDH materials in functional bionic coating engineering.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.42122049 and 42377104)the Basic Strengthening Research Program(No.2021-JCJQ-JJ-1058)+1 种基金the Strategy Priority Research Programof Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.XDB0760403)the National Key Scientific and Technological Infrastructure project"Earth System Science Numerical Simulator Facility"(EarthLab)the Innovation Foundation of CPML/CMA(No.2024CPML-C027).
文摘The extraordinary Super Typhoon(STY)Muifa(2022)made landfall four times and had a significant impact on the coastal regions from south to north of China.Although previous studies have demonstrated the‘pumping effect'of typhoons on the enhancement of reactive nitrogen(Nr)wet deposition over the ocean,it is uncertain how Nr deposition is influenced by typhoons thatmake prolonged mechanism due tomultiple landfalls.In this study,theNr wet deposition induced by STYMuifawas investigated fromthe perspective of in-and below-cloud processes based on the Nested Air Quality Prediction Modeling System with an online tracer-tagging module.High volume of Nr wet deposition caused by Muifa migrated from south to north,passing over half of China's coastal cities.Compared to the typhoon generated vicinity,both mean values of the oxidized and reduced nitrogen wet deposition over the Typhoon affected regions were increased about 20.4 and 66.1 times after landfall even with the similar rainfall.Emissions from the four landfall areas of China contributed to the majority of Nr wet deposition with significantly enhanced proportion of in-cloud deposition.The strong pumping effect of typhoon to the Nr deposition along the coastal areas and the risk of ecosystem effects requires further researches and higher demands on the control of nitrogen emissions of National Industrial Park,which usually located in China's coastal cities.
文摘Super duplex stainless steels(SDSSs)and hyper duplex stainless steels(HDSSs),with more alloying elements content,are more corrosion resistant than the standard grades.Progresses of research works on weldability of SDSSs and HDSSs in recent years are reviewed in this paper.If proper heat input is provided,SDSSs and HDSSs can be welded with most fusion welding processes,while tungsten inert gas welding is the most popular process.SDSSs and HDSSs are more prone to secondary phases precipitation than the standard and lean grades,and heat input for SDSSs and HDSSs welding is restricted to a smaller range.Matching filler materials are usually recommended for SDSSs and HDSSs welding,rather than Ni-riched ones for standard and lean grades.Nitrogen addition in shielding gas is always beneficial.Post weld heat treatment with slow cooling rate will be harmful.Hot cracking tendency of SDSSs and HDSSs joints is not high,but sometimes they can suffer from hydrogen induced stress cracking.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.22125103 and 22301077)STCSM(22JC140100)Shanghai Pujiang Program(No.22PJ1403200)。
文摘Chemical recycling/upcycling of plastics has emerged as one of the most promising strategies for the plastic circular economy,enabling the depolymerization and functionalization of plastics into valuable monomers and chemicals.However,studies on the depolymerization and functionalization of challenging super engineering plastics have remained in early stage and underexplored.In this review,we would like to discuss the representative accomplishments and mechanism insights on chemical protocols achieved in depolymerization of super engineering plastics,especially for poly(phenylene sulfide)(PPS),poly(aryl ether)s including poly(ether ether ketone)(PEEK),polysulfone(PSU),polyphenylsulfone(PPSU)and polyethersulfone(PES).We anticipate that this review will provide an overall perspective on the current status and future trends of this emerging field.
文摘2024 is a“super election year”with the biggest influence in the world since World War II.About 80 countries covering about 60%of the world's population hold national elections.The number and scale of elections are rare in history.The processes and results of many countries'elections are so dramatic,with a series of exchanges,offenses and defenses,which further highlights the trend of intensified political confrontation and social division around the world.
